Artificial intelligence.

人工智能。

The estimates are for big tech to spend big time bucks on artificial intelligence. And one company in particular seems to be on everyone's lips. OpenAI.

據估計，大型科技公司將在人工智能領域投入巨資。而有一家公司似乎特別受到大家的關注。OpenAI。

Breaking news right now on OpenAI.

關於 OpenAI 的即時新聞。

OpenAI and Altman are on a quest to develop AGI or artificial general intelligence. The company behind the popular chatbot, ChatGPT, OpenAI was founded in 2015 by a number of researchers, academics and entrepreneurs, including Sam Altman, Greg Brockman and Elon Musk.

OpenAI 和 Altman 正在探索開發 AGI 或人工通用智能。作為廣受歡迎的哈拉機器人 ChatGPT 背後的公司，OpenAI 成立於 2015 年，由 Sam Altman、Greg Brockman 和 Elon Musk 等多位研究人員、學者和企業家創立。

Altman and Brockman are still at OpenAI today, serving as CEO and president respectively. Elon Musk left the company in 2018.

Altman 和 Brockman 如今仍在 OpenAI 工作，分別擔任首席執行官和總裁。埃隆-馬斯克於 2018 年離開了公司。

At the time, OpenAI said Musk left to avoid a conflict of interest with his other company, Tesla, which was becoming increasingly focused on AI.

當時，OpenAI 說馬斯克離開是為了避免與他的另一家公司特斯拉發生利益衝突，而特斯拉正越來越重視人工智能。

In the years since, OpenAI has grown into one of the most prominent leaders in AI development.

此後數年，OpenAI 已成長為人工智能開發領域最傑出的領導者之一。

OpenAI's growth has absolutely exploded in recent years.

近年來，OpenAI 的發展絕對是爆炸性的。

Nearly a decade ago, it was just a research lab that not many people had ever heard of. Now it's a household name.

近十年前，它還只是一個沒有多少人聽說過的研究實驗室。現在，它已家喻戶曉。

Today, we've got about two million developers building on our API for a wide variety of use cases, doing amazing stuff.

今天，我們已經有大約 200 萬名開發人員在我們的應用程序接口上構建了各種各樣的用例，做出了令人驚歎的成就。

Over 92 percent of Fortune 500 companies building on our products.

超過 92% 的財富 500 強企業都在使用我們的產品。

And we have about 100 million weekly active users now on ChatGPT.

現在，我們的 ChatGPT 每週活躍用戶約有 1 億。

OpenAI has kept up a rapid clip of growth.

OpenAI 保持著快速增長的勢頭。

It's scaled its corporate partnerships and continues to launch new innovations. All of that has earned OpenAI a reported 86 billion dollar valuation. With metrics like this, it may be hard to believe that OpenAI was founded as a nonprofit.

它擴大了與企業的合作，並不斷推出新的創新。據報道，所有這些都為 OpenAI 贏得了 860 億美元的估值。有了這樣的指標，也許很難讓人相信 OpenAI 是作為非營利組織成立的。

Their original mission statement was something like to advance artificial intelligence in a way that benefits all of humanity, unconstrained by a need for financial return.

他們最初的使命宣言是：以造福全人類的方式推進人工智能的發展，不受經濟回報需求的限制。

Early on, a number of investors, including Amazon Web Services, YC Research,

早期，一些投資者，包括亞馬遜網絡服務公司、YC Research、

Musk, Peter Thiel and others, injected an eye-popping $1 billion into the nonprofit so that it could begin its work.

馬斯克、彼得-蒂爾（Peter Thiel）等人為這家非營利組織注入了令人瞠目的 10 億美元，使其得以開始工作。

But OpenAI was not the first lab to tackle the challenge of advancing artificial intelligence.

但 OpenAI 並不是第一個應對人工智能發展挑戰的實驗室。

UK startup DeepMind, which opened its doors in 2010 and was acquired by

英國初創公司 DeepMind 於 2010 年成立，後被以下公司收購

Google for around $500 million in 2014, had a similar goal.

2014 年，谷歌以約 5 億美元的價格，實現了類似的目標。

OpenAI refers to open source.

OpenAI 指的是開源。

What's the opposite of Google?

谷歌的反面是什麼？

It would be an open source nonprofit because Google is closed source for-profit. And that profit motivation can be potentially dangerous.

它將是一個開源的非營利組織，因為谷歌是一個封閉的營利組織。而這種盈利動機可能會帶來潛在的危險。

In the early years, OpenAI flew somewhat under the radar, at least from the point of view of the general public.

早年間，OpenAI 在某種程度上不為人所知，至少從普通大眾的角度來看是這樣。

The company released its first project in 2016, a toolkit called OpenAI Gym, used for developing and comparing reinforcement learning algorithms.

該公司於 2016 年發佈了第一個項目，一個名為 OpenAI Gym 的工具包，用於開發和比較強化學習算法。

Reinforcement learning algorithms are a set of algorithms and approaches that essentially allow you to give feedback to a model.

強化學習算法是一套算法和方法，從本質上講，它允許你向模型提供反饋。

It's like you having a student that is put into a classroom and then you give it a bunch of information and then you have to try and answer a bunch of questions. And based upon whether it answers those questions correctly or not, you give it positive feedback or negative feedback.

這就好比你把一個學生放到教室裡，然後你給它一堆資訊，然後你必須試著回答一堆問題。根據它回答問題的正確與否，你會給它積極的反饋或消極的反饋。

And if it gets positive feedback, we'll fold it into its knowledge base.

如果獲得積極反饋，我們將把它納入知識庫。

If it gets negative feedback, it will not.

如果得到的是負面反饋，就不會這樣做。

So essentially, what it boils down to is it's a way for people or systems to further iterate on a model to direct it towards a certain set of behaviors. In 2016, OpenAI also released Universe, a tool to train intelligent agents on websites and gaming platforms.

是以，從本質上講，它可以讓人們或系統進一步迭代模型，引導它做出特定的行為。2016 年，OpenAI 還發布了一款用於在網站和遊戲平臺上訓練智能代理的工具 Universe。

But training and running artificial intelligence requires a massive amount of data and an incredible amount of computing power.

但是，訓練和運行人工智能需要大量數據和驚人的計算能力。

In 2017, the company spent $7.9 million on cloud computing alone.

2017 年，該公司僅在雲計算方面就花費了 790 萬美元。

OpenAI was growing fast, and leaders at the company realized that if the growth was to continue, OpenAI would need to invest billions of dollars into large-scale cloud computing, attracting talent and building AI supercomputers. The company's solution was launching what it called a capped-profit organization alongside its nonprofit arm.

OpenAI 發展迅速，公司領導層意識到，如果要繼續發展，OpenAI 就需要投資數十億美元用於大規模雲計算、吸引人才和建造人工智能超級計算機。該公司的解決方案是在非營利機構之外成立一個所謂的上限營利機構。

This move, OpenAI said, would enable it to raise outside funding and hand out equity to employees, an incentive commonly offered by tech startups trying to attract top talent.

OpenAI 表示，此舉將使其能夠籌集外部資金並向員工發放股權，這是科技初創企業為吸引頂尖人才通常會提供的激勵措施。

The capped part meant that investors and employees would be limited in the amount of returns they could get, regardless of how successful the company became. A few months later, Microsoft invested $1 billion in

上限部分意味著，無論公司取得多大的成功，投資者和員工所能獲得的回報都將受到限制。幾個月後，微軟投資 10 億美元在

OpenAI in a partnership whereby the two companies would jointly develop new AI technologies on Microsoft's Azure cloud.

OpenAI 達成合作關係，兩家公司將在微軟的 Azure 雲上聯合開發新的人工智能技術。

To date, Microsoft has invested $13 billion into OpenAI.

迄今為止，微軟已向 OpenAI 投資 130 億美元。

Their partnership seems to really have been based around Microsoft getting access to the cutting-edge technologies that OpenAI is developing and releasing before anybody else.

他們的合作關係似乎真的是建立在微軟搶先獲得 OpenAI 正在開發和發佈的尖端技術的基礎上。

That has been manifested and continues to be manifested in the way that

這已經並將繼續以下列方式體現出來

OpenAI is only deployed on Azure as the OpenAI service and not on any of the other major cloud providers.

OpenAI 只作為 OpenAI 服務部署在 Azure 上，而沒有部署在任何其他主要雲提供商上。

With the support of Microsoft, OpenAI continued to develop its artificial intelligence technology, and in 2022, the company's for-profit arm released ChatGPT.

在微軟的支持下，OpenAI 繼續開發其人工智能技術，並於 2022 年發佈了 ChatGPT。

ChatGPT is a chatbot powered by artificial intelligence, which basically means it ingests a ton of human language from all over the

ChatGPT 是一個由人工智能驅動的哈拉機器人，這基本上意味著它能從世界各地獲取大量人類語言。

Internet, maybe Reddit, Google search results, maybe travel blogs, whatever it was trained on, it will use all of that to come up with a response to you that sounds like a way a human would answer your question. Here's Brian Chesky, a close friend of Altman and CEO of

互聯網、Reddit、谷歌搜索結果、旅遊博客，不管它接受過什麼訓練，它都會利用所有這些資訊，給你一個聽起來像人類回答問題的方式的回覆。這是布萊恩-切斯基（Brian Chesky），他是奧特曼的密友，同時也是以下公司的首席執行官

Airbnb, recounting the moment ChatGPT launched during a recent interview. It was a phenomenon unlike anything we'd seen probably since the launch of the iPhone. I have no recollection of anything.

Airbnb 在最近的一次採訪中回憶了 ChatGPT 推出的那一刻。這可能是自 iPhone 推出以來我們從未見過的現象。我什麼都不記得了。

And we knew overnight everything was going to change.

我們知道，一夜之間，一切都會改變。

Chesky was right.

切斯基說得沒錯。

ChatGPT catapulted OpenAI's name to new heights and made it one of the world's most valuable startups.

ChatGPT 將 OpenAI 的名字推向了新的高度，並使其成為全球最有價值的初創企業之一。

Chatbots have been around for a while, but I think what set ChatGPT apart here was the fact that it debuted at a time when public interest and curiosity around AI was at an all-time high.

哈拉機器人已經存在了一段時間，但我認為讓 ChatGPT 與眾不同的是，它是在公眾對人工智能的興趣和好奇心達到空前高漲的時候首次亮相的。

It was very easy to use.

使用起來非常方便。

Anyone could just go to the website and use it immediately.

任何人都可以直接登錄網站並立即使用。

And it really just started to be part of the zeitgeist in a way that no chatbot ever had been before.

哈拉機器人以一種前所未有的方式開始成為時代潮流的一部分。

Within two months, it had 100 million monthly users and it broke records.

在兩個月內，它就擁有了 1 億月用戶，並打破了多項記錄。

For many, OpenAI's ChatGPT was the first time that they were exposed to generative AI. Unlike typical machine learning, which focuses on analyzing data patterns and making predictions, generative AI can create new content. Generative AI specifically puts out images, text, video, code, basically anything you can generate as a result of the data it was trained on. All this has been made possible by the development of large language models, which experts say have come a long way in the last several years.

對許多人來說，OpenAI 的 ChatGPT 是他們第一次接觸生成式人工智能。典型的機器學習側重於分析數據模式並進行預測，而生成式人工智能則不同，它可以創造新的內容。生成式人工智能特別能生成影像、文本、視頻、代碼，基本上任何你能生成的數據都能成為它訓練的結果。這一切都得益於大型語言模型的發展，專家表示，在過去幾年中，大型語言模型的發展取得了長足進步。

Language model is a class of algorithms that are used to model the way that human language is developed and expressed.

語言模型是一類用於模擬人類語言發展和表達方式的算法。

And essentially what these do is they take a whole bunch of data and they look at all of it and they understand how that data relates to each other.

從根本上說，它們所做的就是獲取一大堆數據，然後查看所有數據，瞭解這些數據之間的關係。

And then they build a construction, a model of how that all relates to each other. The reason that we call them large language models is because there's so much data in there that it is just orders and orders and orders of magnitude bigger than the language models that we've had in the past.

然後，他們會建立一個結構，一個所有這些數據如何相互關聯的模型。我們之所以稱它們為大型語言模型，是因為其中的數據量太大了，比我們過去使用的語言模型大了好幾個數量級。

And generative AI is no longer limited to text-based outputs.

生成式人工智能不再侷限於基於文本的輸出。

Besides ChatGPT, OpenAI also offers DALI 3, which takes a user's text prompt and turns it into still images, while Sora transforms text prompts to videos. The company has been working on rolling all these tools into the latest version of ChatGPT called ChatGPT 4.0, as well as giving the chatbot access to other sensory inputs, including sight and sound, allowing for applications such as real-time tutoring and translation.

除了 ChatGPT，OpenAI 還提供了 DALI 3，它能將用戶的文字提示轉換成靜態影像，而 Sora 則能將文字提示轉換成視頻。該公司一直在努力將所有這些工具整合到最新版本的 ChatGPT（ChatGPT 4.0）中，並讓哈拉機器人獲得其他感官輸入，包括視覺和聽覺，從而實現實時輔導和翻譯等應用。

What are these objects in Spanish?

這些物體在西班牙語中是什麼？

The objects you're showing are una manzana and un plátano in Spanish.

您展示的物品在西班牙語中是 una manzana 和 un plátano。

The O stands for Omni, meaning it has improved capabilities in video, audio and text.

O 代表 Omni，意思是它在視頻、音頻和文本方面的功能都得到了改進。

What it can do ranges from being able to sing, being able to generate code, being able to perceive or analyze users' facial expressions.

它能做的事情多種多樣，包括能唱歌、能生成代碼、能感知或分析用戶的面部表情。

It can handle up to 50 different languages and it can also handle users interrupting it, which I think is a big step forward for chatbots.

它可以處理多達 50 種不同的語言，還能處理用戶打斷它的話，我認為這是哈拉機器人向前邁出的一大步。

OpenAI already makes a pretty penny from its technology, largely from paid versions of ChatGPT, which the company began to monetize in early 2023.

OpenAI 已經從其技術中賺得盆滿缽滿，主要來自付費版本的 ChatGPT，該公司於 2023 年初開始將其貨幣化。

OpenAI reportedly makes an annualized revenue right now of $3.4 billion from things like consumers subscribing to a Plus version of

據報道，OpenAI 目前的年化收入為 34 億美元，這些收入來自於消費者訂閱 Plus 版本的《OpenAI...

ChatGPT, companies subscribing to ChatGPT's Enterprise product and developers paying to access the API.

ChatGPT、訂購 ChatGPT 企業產品的公司以及付費訪問 API 的開發人員。

In July, OpenAI announced that it was testing a new search engine to incorporate into ChatGPT that would give users fast and timely answers with clear and relevant sources.

今年 7 月，OpenAI 宣佈正在測試一個新的搜索引擎，並將其納入 ChatGPT，該搜索引擎將為用戶提供快速、及時、來源清晰的相關答案。

The technology is seen as a direct competitor to Google Search.

該技術被視為谷歌搜索的直接競爭對手。

What we've seen from OpenAI over the past couple of years is that they definitely seem to have an interest in being a commercial company and in being a company that serves the largest businesses in the world, that serves enterprise companies.

過去幾年，我們從 OpenAI 身上看到的是，他們似乎有意成為一家商業公司，成為一家為全球最大企業服務的公司，一家為企業公司服務的公司。

A number of companies, including PwC, Moderna and Estee Lauder, have already started to introduce ChatGPT into their workflows.

包括普華永道、Moderna 和雅詩蘭黛在內的許多公司已經開始將 ChatGPT 引入其工作流程。

There are a lot of biotech research applications, drug discovery, certain applications within legal services, anything that requires ingesting a bunch of data or documents or information and then summarizing it, creating tasks based off of it, creating key takeaways.

有很多生物技術研究應用、藥物發現、法律服務中的某些應用，以及任何需要獲取大量數據、文檔或資訊，然後進行總結、創建任務、創建關鍵要點的應用。

If we look at the software development space, I think that that is the area that has been influenced probably most obviously at this point in time. A recent report found that jobs in the banking sector were the most likely to be impacted by AI, followed by jobs in the insurance and energy sectors. As for what that will mean for human workers in these sectors, Curran says it may still be too early to tell.

如果我們看一下軟件開發領域，我認為這是目前受影響最明顯的領域。最近的一份報告發現，銀行業的工作最有可能受到人工智能的影響，其次是保險和能源行業。至於這對這些行業的人類員工意味著什麼，庫蘭說現在下結論可能還為時過早。

As with every technological innovation and development, there's going to be a shift in where the jobs are and there will be some job loss.

正如每一次技術革新和發展一樣，工作崗位也會發生變化，會有一些工作崗位流失。

We're going to see some job transformation, but I think that the net growth is going to be significantly greater than the jobs that are lost at this point. All this potential has got investors and tech giants excited, many of which are heavily investing in AI startups as well as building out their own technology.

我們將看到一些工作崗位的轉型，但我認為淨增長將大大超過目前失去的工作崗位。所有這些潛力都讓投資者和科技巨頭們興奮不已，其中許多都在大力投資人工智能初創企業，同時也在開發自己的技術。

Amazon saying that it will invest up to $4 billion in AI company

亞馬遜稱將向人工智能公司投資 40 億美元

Anthropic. Microsoft, Alphabet and Meta all outlining plans to spend tens of billions a quarter to develop AI products.

人類。微軟、Alphabet 和 Meta 都提出了每季度投入數百億美元開發人工智能產品的計劃。

The generative AI market is just popping off right now.

現在，生成式人工智能市場剛剛興起。

Experts have said that it is estimated that it will generate $1 trillion within the next decade.

專家表示，據估計，在未來十年內，它將產生 1 萬億美元的收入。

The OpenAI's biggest competitor that's still a startup is Anthropic.

OpenAI最大的競爭對手是Anthropic，它現在還是一家初創公司。

Other competitors include Cohere, which is more enterprise focused, and

其他競爭對手包括更專注於企業的 Cohere，以及

Google and Microsoft themselves.

谷歌和微軟自己。

In addition to OpenAI, Microsoft has invested in over 20 other AI startups since 2022, including French startup Mistral AI, robotic startup Figure AI and Inflection AI.

除 OpenAI 外，自 2022 年以來，微軟還投資了其他 20 多家人工智能初創公司，包括法國初創公司 Mistral AI、機器人初創公司 Figure AI 和 Inflection AI。

The company also has its own chatbot called Copilot.

公司還擁有自己的哈拉機器人 Copilot。

Google has invested in Anthropic, Hugging Face and its own Gemini models. Amazon has also backed Anthropic and Hugging Face as well as

谷歌投資了 Anthropic、Hugging Face 和自己的 Gemini 模型。亞馬遜也支持了 Anthropic 和 Hugging Face 以及

Scale AI, which also counts Meta as an investor.

Scale AI，其投資者還包括 Meta 公司。

Earlier this year, Meta also rolled out its competitor to Chad GPT and

今年早些時候，Meta 還推出了與查德 GPT 和

Gemini called Meta AI.

雙子座稱之為 Meta AI。

Even Apple is getting in on the action.

就連蘋果公司也加入了這一行列。

Apple just announcing that Chad GPT from OpenAI will be integrated into iPhone, iPad and Mac software.

蘋果公司剛剛宣佈，OpenAI 的 Chad GPT 將集成到 iPhone、iPad 和 Mac 軟件中。

To use the new feature called Apple Intelligence, users will be asked to opt in and it will only be available on Apple's latest generation of devices, including last year's iPhone 15 Pro models.

要使用這項名為 "蘋果智能"（Apple Intelligence）的新功能，用戶將被要求進行選擇，而且該功能僅適用於蘋果公司最新一代的設備，包括去年的 iPhone 15 Pro 機型。

But for all the excitement the generative AI and OpenAI have stirred up, the company and technology have garnered a fair share of scrutiny.

不過，儘管生成式人工智能和 OpenAI 激起了人們的熱情，但該公司和技術也受到了相當程度的審查。

From those who worry we're moving too fast in adopting AI without considering the potential consequences.

有些人擔心，我們在採用人工智能方面走得太快，而沒有考慮到潛在的後果。

Despite being one of its original founders, Elon Musk has become one of

儘管埃隆-馬斯克是該公司最初的創始人之一，但他已成為以下公司之一

OpenAI's largest critics since he left the company in 2018.

自他 2018 年離開公司以來，OpenAI 最大的批評者。

The war of words between OpenAI and Elon Musk over Musk's lawsuit against the company showing no signs of letting up.

OpenAI 與埃隆-馬斯克（Elon Musk）之間因馬斯克起訴 OpenAI 而引發的口水戰絲毫沒有平息的跡象。

Elon Musk brought a lawsuit against OpenAI and Sam Altman and Greg

埃隆-馬斯克對 OpenAI 以及 Sam Altman 和 Greg

Brockman, two of the founders, for breach of contract and fiduciary duty.

布羅克曼（Brockman），兩位創始人，控告他們違反合同和信託責任。

In his case, he was arguing that OpenAI had strayed from its original mission as a nonprofit and that it was now a for-profit entity supporting the interests of Microsoft.

在他的案例中，他認為 OpenAI 已經偏離了其作為非營利組織的初衷，現在是一個支持微軟利益的營利實體。

Experts I spoke with at the time said it was a pretty questionable legal foundation because there was never a formal contract that was signed by all the parties involved.

當時與我交談過的專家說，這是一個相當有問題的法律基礎，因為從來沒有一份由所有相關方簽署的正式合同。

Musk dropped the original lawsuit in June.

馬斯克於今年 6 月撤銷了最初的訴訟。

But in early August, he filed a similar lawsuit against Altman, Brockman and OpenAI, alleging that he was manipulated into co-founding OpenAI on the basis that it would be a nonprofit.

但在 8 月初，他又對 Altman、Brockman 和 OpenAI 提起了類似的訴訟，聲稱自己是在被人操縱的情況下，以 OpenAI 將是非營利組織為由，共同創辦了 OpenAI。

OpenAI maintains that in 2018, Musk agreed that OpenAI needed to become a for-profit company to compete with Google, as evidenced by old emails

OpenAI 堅持認為，2018 年，馬斯克同意 OpenAI 需要成為一家營利性公司，以便與谷歌競爭，舊電子郵件證明了這一點

OpenAI published in a blog post on its site.

OpenAI 在其網站上發表了一篇博文。

Musk has a competing AI startup known as XAI and a chatbot called Grok.

馬斯克擁有一家名為 XAI 的人工智能初創公司和一個名為 Grok 的哈拉機器人。

This, despite Musk signing a letter last year alongside over a thousand other tech leaders and researchers calling for a moratorium on AI development because of profound risks to society and humanity.

儘管馬斯克去年與其他一千多名科技領袖和研究人員一起簽署了一封信，呼籲暫停人工智能的開發，因為這會給社會和人類帶來深遠的風險。

The Tesla and SpaceX CEO also threatened to ban Apple devices at his companies after Apple announced their deal with OpenAI.

在蘋果公司宣佈與 OpenAI 達成協議後，特斯拉和 SpaceX 的首席執行官還威脅要在自己的公司禁用蘋果設備。

But worries about the effects of AI on society were also brewing inside

但是，人工智能對社會影響的擔憂也在醞釀之中。

OpenAI. In November 2023, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman was ousted from the company temporarily by its board of directors.

OpenAI。2023 年 11 月，OpenAI 首席執行官山姆-奧特曼（Sam Altman）被董事會暫時趕出公司。

Certain board members have come out since then saying that they had lost trust in Altman as a leader, that he wasn't being forthcoming with the boards and that they couldn't fully trust what he said as far as the company's direction with profit-based products and the nonprofit's mission to develop AGI for the benefit of humanity.

此後，一些董事會成員站出來說，他們已經失去了對奧特曼作為領導者的信任，認為他沒有對董事會坦誠相待，他們不能完全相信他所說的關於公司盈利性產品的方向和非營利組織開發 AGI 造福人類的使命的話。

The effort backfired.

結果適得其反。

Less than a week after he was ousted, Altman, whom Microsoft had intermittently hired, was reinstated as OpenAI's CEO and the board that fired him was replaced after hundreds of OpenAI's employees threatened to quit and join Altman at Microsoft.

在他被解僱不到一週後，微軟斷斷續續聘用的 Altman 恢復了 OpenAI 首席執行官的職位，而在數百名 OpenAI 員工威脅要辭職並加入 Altman 在微軟的工作後，解僱他的董事會也被撤換。

Now, the government is also questioning OpenAI's and Big Tech's business practices. The Federal Trade Commission is launching an inquiry into AI deals made by tech giants, calling out specifically Microsoft, Amazon and

現在，政府也在質疑 OpenAI 和大科技公司的商業行為。美國聯邦貿易委員會（Federal Trade Commission）正在對科技巨頭的人工智能交易展開調查，其中特別提到了微軟、亞馬遜和谷歌。

Google for their billion-dollar investments into the startups OpenAI and

谷歌斥資十億美元投資初創公司 OpenAI 和

Anthropic. The inquiry, the FTC says, is meant to shed light on whether investments and partnerships pursued by dominant companies risk distorting innovation and undermining fair competition.

人類。聯邦貿易委員會表示，這項調查旨在揭示占主導地位的公司進行的投資和合作是否有扭曲創新和破壞公平競爭的風險。

These AI models are incredibly expensive to train, run and even build.

這些人工智能模型的訓練、運行甚至構建成本都高得驚人。

So I've seen estimates between a few million and one billion to train an AI model like this and to run them day by day could be hundreds of thousands or more. There's a lot of concentrated power right now between startups and big tech companies. And we may see that shift depending on the results of the FTC inquiry and other regulatory scrutiny happening right now.

是以，我看到的估算是，訓練這樣一個人工智能模型的費用在幾百萬到十億之間，而每天運行的費用可能是幾十萬甚至更多。現在，創業公司和大型科技公司之間的力量非常集中。我們可能會看到這種轉變，這取決於美國聯邦貿易委員會的調查結果和目前正在進行的其他監管審查。

This is all happening at a time when the U.S.

這一切都發生在美國的 "大躍進 "時期。

government has struggled to figure out how it should regulate artificial intelligence. Last October, the Biden administration issued the first ever AI executive order, which outlined new safety assessments, new equity and civil rights guidance and new research into AI's impact on the labor market.

政府一直在努力探索如何監管人工智能。去年 10 月，拜登政府發佈了有史以來第一份人工智能行政令，其中概述了新的安全評估、新的公平和民權指導，以及對人工智能對勞動力市場影響的新研究。

So that was pretty well received by people in the industry that have called for more regulation, but they did say it wasn't enough.

是以，這受到了呼籲加強監管的業內人士的歡迎，但他們也表示這還不夠。

They wanted more specifics, more wide ranging safety assessments and calls for companies to be more transparent on exactly how their models are trained and the impact that they have.

他們希望獲得更具體的資訊、更廣泛的安全評估，並呼籲公司在模特的培訓方式和影響方面更加透明。

One of the big concerns with generative AI at the moment is people abusing the technology to spread misinformation and disinformation, as well as using AI to perpetuate existing biases.

生成式人工智能目前最令人擔憂的問題之一是人們濫用該技術傳播錯誤信息和虛假資訊，以及利用人工智能延續現有偏見。

At their heart, these tools are pattern generators.

這些工具的核心是模式生成器。

So they take all of the data that they are fed and they create patterns based on that data. And since a lot of them are trained on the entirety of the Internet, they exhibit bias, sexism, racism, all sorts of problematic beliefs.

是以，他們會獲取所有的數據，並根據這些數據創建模式。由於他們中的很多人都是在整個互聯網上接受訓練的，是以他們會表現出偏見、性別歧視、種族主義以及各種有問題的信念。

Another concern is that as we head into a major election year globally, there's a lot of propensity for misinformation, deep fakes.

另一個令人擔憂的問題是，隨著全球進入大選年，誤報和深度造假的傾向非常明顯。

Sam Altman admitted to some of these issues recently.

薩姆-奧特曼最近承認了其中的一些問題。

Were these things inevitable?

這些事情是不可避免的嗎？

I mean, you clearly saw the risk coming as this technology was maturing.

我的意思是，在這項技術逐漸成熟的過程中，你顯然看到了風險的到來。

Like deep fakes and stuff?

比如深度偽造之類的？

Deep fakes, yeah. Face swapping.

深度偽裝換臉

Yeah. It was inevitable that the technology was going to be capable of that.