Name: 每年有三分之一的食物被浪費！原來減少食物浪費同時節省開支是可行的！ (How to cut your food waste... and save money! | BBC Ideas)
Uploaded: 2024-08-15T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 6 min

Have you ever thrown away a sprouty potato?

情態助動詞 B1

It might not seem like a big deal, but that's just one of the 2.9 million potatoes we throw away every day in the UK.

這看似沒什麼大不了，但這只是英國人每天扔掉的 290 萬個馬鈴薯中的一個。

情態副詞

One third of the food produced globally every year goes to waste.

全球每年生產的食物中有三分之一被浪費掉。

Imagine that you go to the supermarket and you get three bags of groceries.

想象一下，你去超市買了三袋雜貨。

One of those bags is going directly to waste.

其中一個袋子將直接被浪費掉。

Between our busy lives and sometimes just simply not knowing what to cook, throwing away old food seems inevitable at times.

由於我們的生活繁忙，有時根本不知道該做什麼菜，扔掉舊食物有時似乎是不可避免的。

But wasting less food would benefit both the planet and our wallets.

但是，少浪費食物對地球和我們的錢包都有好處。

Food waste has a massive economic impact with the average household of four people in the UK wasting around £1,000 worth of food each year.

食物浪費對經濟產生了巨大影響，英國平均每個四口之家每年要浪費價值約 1000 英鎊的食物。在英國有 2,500 萬人口的世界裡，這樣做是不對的。

It can't be right in a world of the 21st century where 800 million people already struggle to get enough food that a third of the food produced is lost or wasted and so many people are going hungry.

在 21 世紀的世界上，已經有 8 億人在為獲得足夠的食物而掙扎，三分之一的糧食被損失或浪費，如此多的人在捱餓，這是不對的。

And we can't ignore the impact on the environment.

It's been estimated that if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest greenhouse gas emitter after the US and China.

據估計，如果將廚餘垃圾視為一個國家，它將成為僅次於美國和中國的第三大溫室氣體排放國。

You might think that supermarkets were the main culprits here, throwing away unsold products.

你可能會認為超市是罪魁禍首，因為它們扔掉了未售出的產品。

Only around 2% of the food waste in the UK happens in supermarkets.

英國只有約 2% 的食物浪費發生在超市。

The vast majority, around 60%, is in our homes.

絕大部分，約 60% 是在我們的家中。

Luckily, there are lots of things we can do to reduce food waste at home.

幸運的是，我們可以在家裡做很多事情來減少食物浪費。

By far, the most wasted foods in our homes are fresh fruit and veg.

到目前為止，我們家中浪費最多的食物是新鮮水果和蔬菜。

Planning meals can really help make sure that you're buying what you need and you're also thinking about how you can use up leftovers, which can make a great lunch or a meal to put in the freezer for another day.

計劃膳食確實有助於確保您買到所需的食物，同時還能考慮如何利用剩菜剩飯，這可以做成一頓美味的午餐，或者放在冰箱裡留作他日之用。

Understanding what the dates mean on our food packaging can make a big difference to how much food we waste.

瞭解食品包裝上日期的含義對我們浪費食物的程度有很大影響。

The best before dates are the ones that tell you that you can rely on your senses to judge if whatever you are consuming is OK for you.

最佳食用日期就是告訴你可以依靠感官來判斷你食用的東西是否適合你的日期。

Whereas a use-by date means that that food has to be used or frozen by that date.

而 "食用日期 "是指食品必須在該日期前使用或冷凍。

Putting things in the right place can really help you use your food for longer.

把東西放在正確的位置確實能幫助你延長食物的使用時間。

So storing apples and potatoes in the fridge, for example, you'll get three months longer to use them.

比如，把蘋果和洋芋放在冰箱裡，你就可以多用三個月。

The only fruit and veg that don't belong in the fridge are onions, bananas, and whole, fresh pineapple.

唯一不屬於冰箱的水果和蔬菜是洋蔥、香蕉和完整、新鮮的菠蘿。

We chuck away around 25 million slices of bread every day in the UK from our homes.

在英國，我們每天從家裡扔掉大約 2500 萬片麵包。

And bread is best stored in the cupboard or on the side and not in the fridge, and that means it'll stay fresher for longer.

麵包最好放在櫥櫃裡或邊上，而不是冰箱裡，這意味著它能保持更長時間的新鮮。

But also, you can freeze bread and use it straight from the freezer for taste.

此外，您還可以將麵包冷凍起來，從冰箱裡直接拿出來食用。

If you've got a fridge with a temperature display, it's worth checking that it's five degrees or lower.

如果您的冰箱有溫度顯示，值得檢查溫度是否在 5 度或更低。

Most people in the UK have fridges that are slightly too warm, and what that means is that food doesn't last as long.

英國大多數人的冰箱溫度都略高，這意味著食物的保存時間不長。

And we could learn a thing or two from ancient techniques.

我們可以從古代技術中學到一兩樣東西。

Fermentation allows us to turn yeast into beer and cabbage into kimchi.

發酵讓我們把酵母變成啤酒，把卷心菜變成泡菜。

Pickling can also preserve food by using salt, vinegar, and sometimes sugar to stop the bacteria that spoil it from growing.

醃製也可以保存食物，使用鹽、醋，有時還用糖，阻止腐敗細菌滋生。

Whilst in richer countries like the UK, there's a lot we can do to minimise food waste at home, the situation is rather different in poorer countries where food is mainly wasted at the farming stage.

雖然在英國這樣的富裕國家，我們可以做很多事情來儘量減少家庭中的食物浪費，但在較貧窮的國家，情況卻截然不同，食物主要是在耕種階段被浪費掉的。

In India, for example, where 195 million people are undernourished, 67 million tonnes of food are wasted every year due to weather, lack of proper storage, or pests.

例如，在印度，有 1.95 億人營養不良，每年有 6 700 萬噸糧食因天氣、缺乏適當儲存或蟲害而被浪費。

There are some scientific developments that could help.

Bioactive packaging, for example, releases enzymes or antioxidants to change the surface of the food and increase its shelf life.

例如，生物活性包裝釋放酶或抗氧化劑，改變食品表面，延長其保質期。

There's also GM, or genetically modified foods, that have had their DNA altered to make them more nutritious or last longer, although there is still some scepticism about it.

還有轉基因食品，即經過基因改造的食品，它們的 DNA 被改變，使其更有營養或壽命更長，儘管人們對此仍有一些懷疑。

A number of years ago, there was new ways of treating bread so that sliced loaf could last for 60 days.

幾年前，有一種處理麵包的新方法，可以讓切片麵包保存 60 天。

There was quite a lot of consumer scepticism because in some sense, a loaf of bread that lasts 60 days, something has happened to it and it's no longer natural.

很多消費者對此持懷疑態度，因為從某種意義上說，一條麵包能吃 60 天，就說明它發生了什麼變化，不再是純天然的了。

The more that you get to things that people feel nervous about, the more likely it is that a technology solution will not necessarily receive widespread acceptance by citizens and consumers.

越是涉及到人們感到緊張的事情，技術解決方案就越有可能不一定會得到公民和消費者的廣泛接受。

Tim Benton believes the global food system as a whole needs looking at.

蒂姆-本頓認為，需要對全球糧食系統進行整體審視。

Our current food system is highly dysfunctional and we have developed it around the notion that the world needs ever more food and we need to make it ever cheaper.

我們目前的糧食系統功能嚴重失調，我們是圍繞著 "世界需要越來越多的糧食，我們需要讓糧食越來越便宜 "這一理念來發展這一系統的。

In many high-income countries, like the UK, food is economically rational to waste, so our time is often more precious than the money that we have.

在許多高收入國家，如英國，浪費食物在經濟上是合理的，所以我們的時間往往比我們擁有的金錢更寶貴。

So we buy food, we shove it in the fridge, we find a slimy bag of lettuce a week later and we throw it away.

我們買了食物，塞進冰箱，一週後發現一袋黏糊糊的萵苣，就把它扔掉。

If you respect food and you're less willing to throw it away, then that is the big mind shift, I think, that is necessary.

如果你尊重食物，不那麼願意丟棄食物，那麼我認為這就是必要的思想轉變。

Rather than importing food from across the planet, avocados from Peru and chicken from Thailand,

而不是從地球另一端進口食品，比如從祕魯進口鱷梨，從泰國進口雞肉、

Tim argues we need to grow more food locally.

蒂姆認為，我們需要在在地種植更多的糧食。

I think there is an element that the more local you are, the more it fosters respect for food and therefore, indirectly, you're less likely to want to waste it.

我認為，越是在當地，就越能促進對食物的尊重，所以間接地，你就不太可能想浪費食物。

So you can imagine a world where we reset the food system and where waste is no longer an issue.

你可以想象這樣一個世界：我們重新設置了食品系統，浪費不再是一個問題。

We would save more biodiversity, we would reduce our greenhouse gases, we can reset the relationship between people and food.

我們將拯救更多的生物多樣性，我們將減少溫室氣體，我們可以重新建立人與食物之間的關係。

We can't tackle climate change if we don't fix the food system and we need to treat food like the precious resource that it is.

如果不解決糧食系統的問題，我們就無法應對氣候變化，我們需要把糧食當作寶貴的資源來對待。