If you clicked on the title and are new friends on this channel, let me introduce myself.

如果您點擊了標題，並且是本頻道的新朋友，請允許我介紹一下自己。

For all friends, you can just skip this part.

對於所有朋友，您可以跳過這一部分。

I'm Zoe.

我叫佐伊

I often talk about topics related to language learning on this channel.

我經常在這個頻道談論與語言學習有關的話題。

Over the past eight years, I've learned six foreign languages, including English.

在過去的八年裡，我學會了包括英語在內的六門外語。

I switched my bachelor's major from communication in China to sociology for my master's degree in France, then pursued a PhD in sociology in France and in Germany.

我的本科專業從中國的傳播學轉為社會學，在法國攻讀碩士學位，之後又在法國和德國攻讀社會學博士學位。

Now I'm starting to systematically study psychology and neuroscience.

現在，我開始系統地學習心理學和神經科學。

I've taught myself how to shoot and edit videos to become a content creator.

我自學瞭如何拍攝和剪輯視頻，成為了一名內容創作者。

Additionally, I've learned swimming, fitness, yoga, writing, cooking, and even how to repair electronics.

此外，我還學會了游泳、健身、瑜伽、寫作、烹飪，甚至還學會了如何修理電子產品。

I've acquired all these skills after my 20s, especially after moving abroad.

我在 20 多歲之後，尤其是移居國外之後，掌握了所有這些技能。

Basically, I love learning new knowledge and skills that make me feel more independent.

基本上，我喜歡學習新知識和新技能，這讓我感到更加獨立。

Especially, I'm alone abroad.

尤其是，我一個人在國外。

I also realized that the ability to learn fast is actually something that can be developed.

我還意識到，快速學習的能力其實是可以培養的。

In today's video, I will combine my experiences with insight from the book Outer Learning by Scott H.

在今天的視頻中，我將結合自己的經驗，從斯科特-H.所著的《外部學習》一書中汲取啟示。

Young.

年輕。

Maybe you guys have already heard of him.

也許你們已經聽說過他了。

The author of this book learned to draw in a month, learned four languages in a year, and completed MIT's four-year computer science curriculum in just one year.

本書作者用一個月學會了畫畫，用一年學會了四種語言，用一年時間完成了麻省理工學院四年制計算機科學課程。

While we won't focus on the level he achieved, his approach to summarizing the faster learning path is very inspiring.

雖然我們不會關注他所達到的水準，但他總結快速學習路徑的方法卻非常鼓舞人心。

Many of the methods introduced in this book resonate with my own learning experiences.

書中介紹的許多方法與我自己的學習經歷產生了共鳴。

The purpose of today's video is to help you develop a more systematic approach to learning new things and make your efforts more effective.

今天這段視頻的目的是幫助你制定更系統的學習新知識的方法，使你的努力更有效。

So whether you want to switch career paths, take on new challenges, or dream of playing a musical instrument, speaking a foreign language, becoming a writer or photographer, or a YouTuber, I believe that Outer Learning is a powerful toolset.

是以，無論你是想轉換職業道路、迎接新的挑戰，還是夢想演奏一種樂器、說一門外語、成為一名作家或攝影師，或者成為一名優酷用戶，我都相信，"外向型學習 "是一個強大的工具集。

If you like this video, don't forget to like, comment, and subscribe.

如果您喜歡這段視頻，別忘了點贊、評論和訂閱。

Before I start talking about specific methods, I would like to emphasize the importance of changing your perception and mindset.

在開始談論具體方法之前，我想強調一下改變觀念和心態的重要性。

I mentioned in my On Journey video that the turning point in my life began with the shift from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset.

我在《在旅途中》的視頻中提到，我人生的轉捩點始於從固定型思維模式到成長型思維模式的轉變。

It's easy for adults to fall into the mindset of it's too late to learn at this age, or I don't have the talent to learn without even trying.

成年人很容易陷入這樣的思維定勢："這個年齡學習已經太晚了，或者我沒有天賦，根本不用努力就能學會。

Some may even think that's the best time to learn a foreign language or a musical instrument is during childhood, so parents tend to pin their hopes on their kids.

有些人甚至認為，學習外語或樂器的最佳時期是兒童時期，是以家長往往把希望寄託在孩子身上。

In fact, psychological research shows that adults can learn just as effectively and quickly as children.

事實上，心理學研究表明，成年人的學習效率和速度不亞於兒童。

Staying active and learning can even boost adult brain development.

保持活躍和學習甚至可以促進成年人的大腦發育。

This brings us to the importance of a growth mindset, which requires us to re-examine our own abilities, challenge our fixed mindset, and start by telling ourselves that ability can be developed through dedication and step in becoming a lifelong learner.

這就引出了成長型思維模式的重要性，它要求我們重新審視自己的能力，挑戰自己的固定思維模式，首先告訴自己，能力是可以通過努力培養的，並一步步成為終身學習者。

Next, I'm going to talk about some of the principles of ultra-learning.

接下來，我要談談超級學習的一些原則。

The concept of meta-learning means learning how to learn.

元學習的概念是指學習如何學習。

Unfortunately, it's often overlooked, but it's one of the most important aspects of learning.

遺憾的是，這一點常常被忽視，但它卻是學習中最重要的方面之一。

Before you start self-study, it's crucial to invest time in understanding how to effectively learn the subject or skill you are interested in.

在開始自學之前，投入時間瞭解如何有效學習感興趣的科目或技能至關重要。

This involves identifying relevant resources and methods, understanding your personal learning style, and creating a clear learning plan.

這包括確定相關資源和方法、瞭解個人學習風格以及制定明確的學習計劃。

One effective principle from Yang's book is the 10% rule.

楊的書中有一條有效的原則，那就是 "10% 原則"。

Spend 10% of your total learning time researching how to learn the skill.

用總學習時間的 10%來研究如何學習該技能。

For me, this initial investment isn't about creating a perfect plan but includes trial.

對我來說，最初的投資並不是要制定一個完美的計劃，而是包括試驗。

Initially, you should set learning goals, even if they are broad at first.

最初，你應該制定學習目標，即使這些目標一開始很寬泛。

For instance, you might decide to learn French.

例如，您可能決定學習法語。

After watching a movie, you would like to learn to communicate during a trip to France.

看完電影后，您想在法國旅行期間學習交流。

An A1 level or traveling French could be your first learning goal.

A1 級或旅行法語可以作為您的第一個學習目標。

The vital step in this process is searching.

這一過程的關鍵步驟是搜索。

Searching for information is the first step in turning your ideas into action.

搜索資訊是將想法轉化為行動的第一步。

The internet is full of information that can help you transform vague ideas into clear plans.

互聯網上有大量資訊，可以幫助您將模糊的想法轉化為清晰的計劃。

For example, when I decided to learn Arabic, my goal was to discover the language.

例如，當我決定學習阿拉伯語時，我的目標是探索這門語言。

I immediately searched for vlogs, YouTube videos, and checked for any free courses at my university.

我立即搜索了視頻博客、YouTube 視頻，並查看了我所在大學的免費課程。

This led me to an introductory course on the Arabic alphabet where I met the teachers and classmates who provided additional resources.

這讓我開始學習阿拉伯字母入門課程，在那裡我遇到了為我提供更多資源的老師和同學。

Today, we can even use AI tools such as ChatGBT to generate such initial plans and ask for give me general steps from a weekly training plan to teacher training programs, international certificates, or related books.

如今，我們甚至可以使用 ChatGBT 等人工智能工具來生成此類初步計劃，並要求給我從每週培訓計劃到教師培訓計劃、國際證書或相關書籍的一般步驟。

Then, I would check them out to create a clear learning roadmap.

然後，我會對它們進行檢查，以制定清晰的學習路線圖。

The great thing about this roadmap is that it can provide clear direction.

這個路線圖的好處在於，它可以提供明確的方向。

Another key strategy is expert interviews.

另一個關鍵策略是專家訪談。

Talk to people who have relevant experience or have achieved your desired goal.

與有相關經驗或已實現預期目標的人交談。

They can offer valuable direction and advice helping refine your roadmap.

他們可以提供寶貴的指導和建議，幫助完善您的路線圖。

For instance, I consulted a classmate who had studied Arabic to a very good level.

例如，我曾向一位阿拉伯語學得很好的同學請教。

She not only gave me her beginner's voice but also recommended a teacher who offered free Arabic courses at our university, guiding me to focus on learning Fusa first and then dialect.

她不僅給了我初學者的聲音，還向我推薦了一位在我們大學提供免費阿拉伯語課程的老師，指導我先把重點放在學習福薩語上，然後再學習方言。

Another method is benchmarking, which involves identifying common strategies used by others to learn the same skill.

另一種方法是設定基準，即找出其他人在學習相同技能時使用的共同策略。

This helps you decide an initial learning strategy.

這有助於您決定最初的學習策略。

For example, to systematically study neuroscience, I would review the syllabus of relevant courses online or at a university.

例如，為了系統地學習神經科學，我會在網上或大學裡查閱相關課程的教學大綱。

By the way, some introductory open courses on YouTube or Coursera could also be a great way to discover a new topic in a structured way.

順便說一句，YouTube 或 Coursera 上的一些入門公開課程也是有條理地探索新課題的好方法。

Meta-learning has long-term benefits because you understand your learning style better, improve your ability to manage time and motivation, and develop effective strategies for overcoming common obstacles.

元學習具有長期的好處，因為你能更好地瞭解自己的學習風格，提高管理時間和動力的能力，並制定克服常見障礙的有效策略。

This accelerates your ability to learn new skills.

這將加速你學習新技能的能力。

If you ask how I have learned six foreign languages in eight years, it's actually become progressively easier and faster because each new language follows a clearer path and avoids previous mistakes.

如果你要問我是如何在八年時間裡學會六門外語的，那實際上是變得越來越容易和越來越快，因為每一門新語言都遵循著一條更清晰的路徑，並避免了以前的錯誤。

As you gain more learning experiences, your confidence grows, you enjoy the learning process more, and you also know how to manage frustration.

隨著學習經驗的增加，你的自信心也會隨之增強，你會更加享受學習的過程，也會知道如何應對挫折。

You know, the best way to learn is to apply what you learn.

要知道，最好的學習方法就是學以致用。

Some might say, how can I apply it when I haven't learned it yet?

有人可能會說，我還沒學會，怎麼能應用呢？

The idea here is to break away from the traditional theory-first learning method and combine learning goals with practical application right from the start.

這裡的理念是打破傳統的理論先行的學習方法，從一開始就將學習目標與實際應用相結合。

Scott Young points out that traditional education often teaches us theory after theory, expecting us to apply these theories in practice.

斯科特-揚指出，傳統教育往往向我們傳授一個又一個理論，期望我們在實踐中應用這些理論。

However, when we learn something, many of us get confused if we encounter a different situation.

然而，當我們學到一些東西時，如果遇到不同的情況，很多人會感到困惑。

This is especially true in language learning.

語言學習尤其如此。

We have this problem because most formal education isn't direct enough.

我們之所以有這個問題，是因為大多數正規教育不夠直接。

So when we learn new things, we should try to connect as directly as possible with the scenarios where we want to use these skills, build knowledge from the core of a real-life situation outward.

是以，當我們學習新知識時，我們應該儘可能直接地與我們想要使用這些技能的場景聯繫起來，從現實生活的核心向外構建知識。

For example, if your goal in learning a foreign language is to communicate with people, after mastering basic pronunciation and grammar, you can start practicing spoken conversations directly instead of focusing on grammar books, textbooks, and word lists, thinking you need to reach a certain level before you can start speaking.

例如，如果你學習外語的目的是為了與人交流，那麼在掌握了基本的發音和文法之後，你就可以直接開始練習口語對話，而不是把注意力放在文法書、教科書和單詞表上，認為要達到一定水準才能開始說話。

When I was learning Turkish and Persian, my goal was very clear.

在學習土耳其語和波斯語時，我的目標非常明確。

I want to travel and communicate with people.

我想旅行，想與人交流。

So after two weeks of self-study, I studied basic conversations with language partners, beginning with greeting, describing daily activities, and setting scenarios such as ordering food in a restaurant or asking for directions.

是以，經過兩週的自學，我學習了與語言夥伴的基本會話，從問候開始，描述日常活動，設置場景，如在餐廳點菜或問路。

These directly targeted my learning goals.

這些都直接針對我的學習目標。

We can still use textbooks and grammar books as something supplementary.

我們仍然可以使用教科書和文法書作為補充。

Many polyglots I've interviewed on my channel also say that to improve speaking skills, you need to start speaking from the beginning.

我在我的頻道上採訪過的許多多語言者也都說，要提高口語技能，就必須從頭開始說。

These principles and methods are equally applicable to other fields such as coding, drawing, playing musical instruments, videography, photography, sports.

這些原則和方法同樣適用於其他領域，如編碼、繪畫、樂器演奏、攝像、攝影和體育。

Focus is definitely the key to efficient learning.

專注無疑是高效學習的關鍵。

Many of you may have heard of a flow state.

許多人可能聽說過流動狀態。

When people are in a flow state, they are very concentrated and fully engaged in the current activity.

當人們處於流動狀態時，他們會非常專注，全身心地投入到當前的活動中。

This concept introduced by psychologist Csikszentmihalyi is an important topic in positive psychology research.

心理學家 Csikszentmihalyi 提出的這一概念是積極心理學研究的一個重要課題。

The flow state typically occurs when the person's skill level matches the challenge they face.

當人的技能水準與所面臨的挑戰相匹配時，通常會出現流動狀態。

Neither too simple to cause a burden, nor too difficult to cause anxiety.

既不能太簡單而造成負擔，也不能太困難而引起焦慮。

Therefore, it is important to set appropriately challenging learning content and clear specific goals so you know what you need to accomplish.

是以，制定適當的具有挑戰性的學習內容和明確的具體目標非常重要，這樣你才能知道自己需要完成什麼。

As I mentioned early in the first step, meta-learning, creating clear tasks and realistic objectives will help you stay more focused during learning.

正如我在第一步 "元學習 "中提到的，創建明確的任務和切實可行的目標將幫助你在學習過程中更加專注。

Additionally, I want to share a few methods I use to enhance focus.

此外，我還想分享一些我用來提高注意力的方法。

Keep your study area tidy and reduce distractions.

保持學習區域整潔，減少干擾。

I always place my phone out of sight.

我總是把手機放在看不見的地方。

For instance, when I need to learn something online, I close unrelated pages, no emails, no social media.

例如，當我需要在網上學習一些東西時，我會關閉無關的網頁，不發電子郵件，不使用社交媒體。

It's important to realize that the fast-paced, chaotic information on social media increases cognitive load, tires our brain and affects our attention and memory.

我們必須認識到，社交媒體上快節奏、雜亂無章的資訊會增加認知負荷，讓我們的大腦疲憊不堪，影響我們的注意力和記憶力。

Excessive dopamine stimulation makes us distracted during study or work, frequently checking forums and social media.

過多的多巴胺刺激會讓我們在學習或工作時分心，頻繁查看論壇和社交媒體。

So social media detox is important to improve your focus.

是以，社交媒體戒毒對提高你的注意力很重要。

I set screen time limits on my phone, like using Instagram for only 30 minutes per day.

我給手機設置了螢幕時間限制，比如每天只能使用 Instagram 30 分鐘。

Once the time is up, the app locks.

時間一到，應用程序就會鎖定。

I also track my daily screen time to remind myself to control usage.

我還會跟蹤自己每天使用螢幕的時間，提醒自己控制使用量。

Avoid long, continuous study sessions.

避免長時間連續學習。

Methods like Pomodoro techniques and time-boxing are great for balancing study and rest.

Pomodoro 技巧和時間盒等方法是平衡學習和休息的好方法。

I think I have a lot to share on improving focus.

我想我有很多關於提高專注力的經驗可以分享。

I can also make an entire video about it.

我還可以把它製作成一個完整的視頻。

If you're interested in, leave a comment.

如果您感興趣，請留言。

This principle involves isolating and reinforcing the weakest aspects of a skill to achieve overall improvement.

這一原則涉及隔離和強化技能中最薄弱的環節，以實現整體提高。

For example, in fitness, if your goal is to increase overall strength and muscle mass, and more specifically to practice a full-motion squat because it's a compound movement and it benefits all muscle groups, you might realize that your knee strength or hip mobility is weak, which can affect the depth and weight of your squat.

例如，在健身方面，如果你的目標是增強整體力量和肌肉品質，更具體地說是練習全動深蹲，因為這是一個複合動作，對所有肌肉群都有益，那麼你可能會意識到你的膝關節力量或髖關節活動能力較弱，這會影響深蹲的深度和重量。

So you would look up exercises to learn to find methods through research and overcome them with repetitive practice.

是以，你要查找練習，學會通過研究找到方法，並通過反覆練習來克服它們。

Additionally, you should alternate between direct practice and repetitive practice during learning.

此外，在學習過程中，應交替進行直接練習和重複練習。

Direct practice involves engaging in the skills you want to learn, such as speaking a language, improve writing skills, or filming videos to enhance shooting and presentation skills.

直接練習包括參與到你想要學習的技能中去，如說一門語言、提高寫作技巧，或拍攝視頻以提高拍攝和演示技巧。

Next, analyze these direct practices and try to isolate some elements.

接下來，分析這些直接做法，並嘗試分離出一些要素。

Identify areas that need improvement and engage in targeted training.

確定需要改進的領域並開展有針對性的培訓。

For example, if you find difficulties in pronunciation or vocabulary during speaking practice, you can add more specific exercises for a period of time.

例如，如果您在口語練習中發現發音或詞彙方面的困難，您可以在一段時間內增加更具體的練習。

The earlier you start alternating practice, the more adept you become at analyzing and improving, the faster you can improve your skill.

越早開始交替練習，就越善於分析和改進，就能越快地提高技能。

This kind of alternating practice is tough and many people avoid it.

這種交替練習很辛苦，很多人都避而遠之。

However, if you want to learn fast, you must face difficulties quickly, solve problems, and overcome weaknesses instead of staying in what you are already good at.

但是，如果想快速學習，就必須快速麵對困難，解決問題，克服弱點，而不是停留在自己已經擅長的領域。

The last point I would like to share is the importance of viewing your learning process with an experimental mindset.

最後，我想和大家分享的是，以實驗的心態看待學習過程的重要性。

This experimental mindset is also a growth mindset.

這種實驗心態也是一種成長心態。

It involves believing in your ability to improve and grow and not fearing mistakes.

這包括相信自己有能力提高和成長，不害怕犯錯。

When studying a new skill, we often find someone better than us and follow their method to learn and progress.

在學習一項新技能時，我們往往會找到比自己強的人，並按照他們的方法學習和進步。

This is useful in the earlier stages of learning because everyone starts the same, first imitating then creating.

這在學習的早期階段非常有用，因為每個人的起點都是一樣的，先模仿再創造。

However, as your skills improve, only relying on role models won't be enough.

然而，隨著技能的提高，僅僅依靠榜樣是不夠的。

As skills develop, everybody encounters different problems and solves them in different ways.

隨著技能的發展，每個人都會遇到不同的問題，並以不同的方式加以解決。

Many problems require personal exploration and solutions to find a unique path.

許多問題需要個人探索和解決，才能找到一條獨特的道路。

Moreover, as you use your skills, you might hit the plateau.

此外，在使用技能的過程中，您可能會遇到瓶頸。

At this point, instead of complaining or giving up, stay patient and be solution-oriented.

此時，與其抱怨或放棄，不如保持耐心，以解決問題為導向。

This process might develop your unique understanding and perspective, solve problems others can't, and eventually create your own learning style.

在這個過程中，你可能會形成自己獨特的理解和觀點，解決別人無法解決的問題，並最終形成自己的學習風格。

As you learn more and faster, the challenge becomes not how to learn but how to learn faster, how to learn better, and what to learn next.

當你學習得更多、更快時，挑戰就不再是如何學習，而是如何學得更快、如何學得更好以及下一步學什麼。

Fast learning isn't easy.

快速學習並不容易。

It requires planning, time, and effort.

這需要規劃、時間和努力。

Most importantly, it requires action and practice.

最重要的是，這需要行動和實踐。

But trust me, the reward of learning how to learn is lifelong.

但請相信我，學會學習的收穫是終身的。

There are still many new skills I want to learn which keeps me passionate and motivated in life.

我還有很多新技能要學，這讓我對生活充滿熱情和動力。

There's so much interesting stuff in this world.

這個世界上有太多有趣的東西了。

I hope today's sharing helps you.

希望今天的分享對你有所幫助。

If you are particularly interested in any topics from this video and want to know more about it, please let me know in the comments.

如果您對本視頻中的任何主題特別感興趣，並希望瞭解更多相關資訊，請在評論中告訴我。

See you in the next one.

下一屆再見

Bye!

再見！