How can you draw attention to your subject by using composition?

如何利用構圖吸引人們的注意力？

Well, in this video, I'm going to show you seven tips for framing and composition that are going to help step up your filmmaking.

好了，在這段視頻中，我將向你介紹七種取景和構圖技巧，它們將幫助你提高電影製作水準。

Framing and composition is one of the easiest things that you can do to improve your filmmaking.

取景和構圖是提高電影製作水準最簡單的方法之一。

It doesn't require buying a new lens or a new camera or any new editing software.

它不需要購買新鏡頭、新相機或任何新的編輯軟件。

It's just absorbing this knowledge and implementing it into your techniques when you take your camera out and start shooting.

當你拿起相機開始拍攝時，吸收這些知識並將其運用到你的技術中，這才是最重要的。

In this video, we're going to go over seven tips to improve your framing and composition.

在本視頻中，我們將介紹改進取景和構圖的七個技巧。

The first tip we're going to discuss today is rule of thirds.

我們今天要討論的第一個技巧是 "三分法"。

Rule of thirds is one of the first things you learn when you're in film school or when you that breaks your frame down into thirds.

三分之二法則是你在電影學院或將畫面抽成三等分時首先要學習的法則之一。

There are two horizontal lines and two vertical lines, effectively breaking your frame into nine sections.

有兩條水平線和兩條垂直線，有效地將框架抽成九個部分。

It also creates four PowerPoint crosses.

它還能創建四個 PowerPoint 十字交叉圖。

These are fantastic areas in the frame to place your subject because the viewer's eye is drawn to these cross points.

這些區域是在畫面中放置主體的絕佳區域，因為觀眾的視線會被這些交叉點所吸引。

According to the rule of thirds, positioning your subject on these third lines will improve the composition of your cinematography.

根據三分法則，將拍攝對象置於這些三線上可以改善電影拍攝的構圖。

The easiest way to start implementing rule of thirds is to go into your camera settings and turn on the grid lines.

開始實施三分法的最簡單方法就是進入相機設置，打開網格線。

Most cameras have this functionality.

大多數相機都有此功能。

You just turn it on and suddenly through your viewing screen, you can see these rule of thirds grid lines and you can start framing up your photos and your videos to fall on these lines.

你只需打開它，就能突然通過螢幕看到這些 "三分法 "網格線，然後就可以開始根據這些網格線來構圖你的照片和視頻了。

I'm going to show you here a shot as if we just took out the camera and wanted to get the image as it's shown.

我要在這裡給大家展示一個鏡頭，就好像我們剛拿出相機，想要拍出如圖所示的畫面。

Now, if we have it just fall onto these third lines, you can see the difference in how much better frame the shot feels.

現在，如果我們讓它落在第三條線上，你就能看到不同之處，那就是拍攝的畫面感更好了。

There's a real emotion that rule of thirds helps convey to your audience and it feels much better when your subject falls on one of these third lines.

三分法有助於向觀眾傳達一種真實的情感，當你的主題落在這些三分線上時，感覺會更好。

If you're shooting the horizon, you might want it to fall on the top horizontal third or the bottom horizontal third as opposed to the center of your frame.

如果您要拍攝地平線，您可能希望地平線落在水平線上三分之一處或水平線下三分之一處，而不是畫面中心。

It's going to, again, add more emphasis to your subject and to the composition of your shot.

同樣，這也會更加突出拍攝對象和構圖。

A ton of Hollywood movies use this technique.

很多好萊塢電影都使用了這種技巧。

Go watch your favorite show or your favorite movie with rule of thirds in mind and you're going to notice almost every shot follows this rule.

帶著三分法則去看你最喜歡的節目或電影，你會發現幾乎每個鏡頭都遵循這一法則。

The center of the frame is reserved for authority or for teaching.

畫面的中心位置留給權威或教學。

You'll notice in videos like this one right now, the teacher is often center frame looking right at the camera.

你會注意到，在像現在這樣的視頻中，老師通常都在畫面中央，直視鏡頭。

So not exactly following rule of thirds, but what this is doing is showing the authority of the subject who is informing or teaching a lesson to the viewer.

是以，這並不完全符合三分法的規則，但它的作用是顯示主體的權威性，而主體正在向觀眾提供資訊或教訓。

So always start with rule of thirds when you're composing your shots.

是以，在構圖時一定要遵循三分法則。

Then you can move on to these next techniques.

然後，您就可以學習下一個技巧了。

The next tip is leading lines.

下一個提示是引導線。

These are visual pathways taken from things within your environment.

這些視覺路徑取自你周圍的事物。

So if you go out and shoot, look for some of the natural lines in your environment that might come from a fence or a building or roads and use these to draw the viewer's eye towards your subject.

是以，如果您外出拍攝，請尋找環境中的一些自然線條，這些線條可能來自柵欄、建築物或道路，利用這些線條將觀眾的視線引向您的拍攝對象。

These are great for portraits as well.

這些也非常適合拍攝人像。

Put some lines in the back of your subject to help again draw the viewer's eyes in towards whoever or whatever it is you're shooting.

在拍攝對象的背面畫上一些線條，再次將觀眾的視線引向你正在拍攝的人或物。

Again, a lot of TV shows and movies use leading lines.

同樣，很多電視劇和電影都使用引導線。

They help show where a character might be going or they help draw your eyes towards where you want to be looking on the screen.

它們有助於顯示角色可能要去的地方，或者將你的視線引向螢幕上你想看的地方。

You can also break this rule and use chaotic lines to help confuse the viewer or confuse the character or subject in the show.

您也可以打破這一規則，使用雜亂無章的線條來幫助迷惑觀眾或迷惑節目中的人物或主題。

So leading lines are a fantastic compositional tool that'll help improve the look of your footage and also your storytelling.

是以，引導線是一種絕佳的構圖工具，有助於改善鏡頭的外觀和故事性。

The next tip is balance.

下一個提示是平衡。

This is all about finding balance in your frame.

這就是要在你的框架中找到平衡。

If you have one side of your frame that has a lot going on and not a lot going on the other side of your frame, you might want to start thinking about this tool.

如果你的畫框一邊有很多事情要做，而另一邊卻沒有很多事情要做，那麼你可能要開始考慮這個工具了。

How can you balance a shot like this?

如何平衡這樣的鏡頭？

Well, if you're shooting an interview where you have your subject on one side of the frame and not a lot on the other, try adding something to the other side of the frame.

如果您在拍攝採訪時，採訪對象在畫面的一側，而另一側沒有很多東西，那麼可以嘗試在畫面的另一側添加一些東西。

Add a lamp or a portrait or something that can sit there and fill the frame and help balance out your shot.

添加一盞燈或一幅肖像畫，或者其他可以放置在那裡的東西，填充畫面，幫助平衡你的鏡頭。

Do this when you're out shooting B-roll as well.

外出拍攝 B-roll 時也要這樣做。

You can always think about how you can have your subject on one side of the frame and something else on that other side to really balance out the shot.

您可以隨時考慮如何將拍攝對象放在畫面的一側，而將其他東西放在畫面的另一側，從而使拍攝達到真正的平衡。

It's gonna make your viewer feel a lot more calm and relaxed and at ease seeing the nice balance in your shots.

看到你鏡頭中的平衡，觀眾會感到更加平靜、放鬆和自在。

When we talk about balance, we also want to talk about headroom and looking room.

當我們談論平衡時，我們也要談論淨空和觀察空間。

Now, what does this mean?

現在，這意味著什麼？

Well, headroom often comes into play when you're shooting something like an interview.

在拍攝採訪之類的鏡頭時，淨空往往會發揮作用。

And that's the distance from the top of your frame to the subject's head.

這是從畫面頂部到拍攝對象頭部的距離。

You want there to be some breathing room here.

你希望有一些喘息的空間。

You don't want their head going off the top of the frame or with very little space.

你不希望他們的頭偏離畫框頂部或空間很小。

So make sure you're always thinking about headroom.

是以，請確保您始終考慮到淨空問題。

And the best way to do this is to put your subject's eyes on that top rule of thirds line.

最好的辦法就是把拍攝對象的眼睛放在三分法的頂線上。

Looking room is all about where your subject is looking.

觀察房間的重點在於拍攝對象的視角。

So if you have an interview where a subject is looking off to the side, make sure they're looking towards the larger part of the frame as opposed towards the shorter part of the frame.

是以，如果在採訪中，被採訪者的視線偏向一側，應確保他們的視線朝向畫面較大的部分，而不是畫面較短的部分。

Or else it's gonna feel a little bit strange, a little bit off balance and just a bit confusing.

否則就會感覺有點奇怪，有點失去平衡，有點混亂。

So when we talk about balance, we do wanna think about headroom and looking room as well.

是以，當我們談論平衡時，我們也要考慮淨空和觀察空間。

The next tip is symmetry.

下一個技巧是對稱。

And this falls into line with balance.

這與平衡是一致的。

Symmetry is when you have both sides of your frame matching each other in some way.

對稱是指鏡框的兩邊在某種程度上相互匹配。

Wes Anderson is a master of this in his films.

韋斯-安德森（Wes Anderson）是這方面的電影大師。

You'll notice a lot of symmetry in all of his shots.

你會發現他的所有鏡頭都非常對稱。

Symmetry is a great way to shoot interviews and documentaries.

對稱是拍攝訪談和紀錄片的絕佳方式。

It's a great way to use a background to help add some nice framing to your shot.

這是一種使用背景的好方法，有助於為拍攝添加一些漂亮的構圖。

And sometimes it doesn't take much.

有時並不需要太多。

Sometimes you might have a shot that looks off balance and not quite symmetrical.

有時，你可能會拍到一張看起來不平衡、不太對稱的照片。

And all it takes is a slight camera adjustment to find the symmetry in the shot.

只需稍微調整一下相機，就能找到鏡頭中的對稱性。

There's a lot of symmetry out there in the world.

世界上有很多對稱的東西。

And all it takes is just kind of looking around and adjusting your angle, and you can find it and help improve your composition.

只需環顧四周，調整角度，就能找到它，幫助改善構圖。

Next, we've got depth.

其次是深度。

Depth is a great compositional tool to help provide more emphasis to your subject.

深度是一種很好的構圖工具，有助於更加突出主體。

And the best way to achieve depth and subject emphasis is by opening up your aperture.

而實現深度和強調主體的最佳方法就是打開光圈。

If you open up the aperture in your camera, you're gonna get that shallow depth of field that both looks and feels cinematic and also really emphasizes your subject.

如果你打開相機的光圈，就能獲得淺景深效果，這種效果看起來和感覺上都很像電影，也能真正突出拍攝對象。

So open up that aperture, let a little bit more light in, and notice that background fall out of focus, adding that emphasis.

是以，打開光圈，讓更多光線進入，注意背景會失焦，從而增加重點。

This is also great because it's gonna remove a lot of distractions.

這也很好，因為它能消除很多幹擾。

When your aperture is really closed down and everything's in focus, there can be a lot of distractions and it becomes confusing who you're supposed to be looking at in the frame.

當光圈真正關閉，一切都對焦時，可能會出現很多幹擾，讓人搞不清楚畫面中應該看誰。

By opening that up, we get a shallow depth of field and we lose a lot of those distractions.

將其打開後，我們就能獲得一個淺景深，從而減少了很多幹擾。

You can also add depth to your frame by pulling your subject away from the background.

您還可以將主體拉離背景，增加畫面的深度。

This is a great tool when you're shooting an interview because it lets that background fall off and fall out of focus.

在拍攝採訪時，這是一個很好的工具，因為它可以讓背景脫落和失焦。

A lot of beginners will place their subject right up against a wall to shoot an interview and you just aren't gonna get that same type of depth.

很多初學者會把採訪對象靠在牆上拍攝，這樣就無法獲得同樣的深度。

So pull your subject away, have some space in the background, and maybe even consider adding something to the foreground, a plant or some sort of texture element in the foreground to show that there is depth in your shot.

是以，請將拍攝對象拉遠，在背景中留出一些空間，甚至可以考慮在前景中添加一些東西，如前景中的植物或某種紋理元素，以顯示拍攝的深度。

Next, we've got frame within a frame.

接下來是 "框中框"。

This is using elements within your environment to help frame up your subject.

這就是利用環境中的元素來幫助取景。

Now, this can be used in a lot of stylistic ways.

現在，這可以用在很多風格上。

It's not always easy to do, but when you can do this, it makes a big difference in your footage.

這並不總是那麼容易做到，但如果你能做到這一點，你的鏡頭就會大不一樣。

Try shooting your subject through a window or through any opening that you might find out in the real world.

嘗試通過窗戶或現實世界中可能發現的任何開口拍攝拍攝對象。

This adds that additional framing and can help, again, emphasize your subject and tell your story.

這樣可以增加額外的取景，並再次幫助突出主題和講述故事。

You'll notice this in a lot of films and TV shows as well, adding that additional frame and it can make a really, really big difference in your composition.

在很多電影和電視節目中，你也會注意到這一點，增加一個額外的畫面會讓你的構圖產生非常非常大的變化。

The final tip is to emphasize your subject.

最後一個建議是強調你的主題。

Now, this is something we've been talking about throughout this whole video.

現在，我們在整個視頻中都在討論這個問題。

And really, you're gonna wanna use all of the tools we've already discussed to do exactly this.

實際上，你需要使用我們已經討論過的所有工具來做到這一點。

Emphasize your subject.

強調你的主題。

Use rule of thirds, use depth, use symmetry and leading lines to show who it is you're telling the story of.

運用三分法、縱深感、對稱和引導線來展示你要講述的故事。

We don't wanna confuse our viewers.

我們不想讓觀眾感到困惑。

We want to help them understand what we're trying to tell them.

我們希望幫助他們理解我們想要告訴他們的東西。

And by using these framing and compositional tips, we can definitely emphasize our subjects and make our stories that much easier to understand.

通過使用這些取景和構圖技巧，我們一定能突出我們的主題，讓我們的故事更容易理解。

So overall, framing and composition is really not that hard to do.

是以，總的來說，取景和構圖其實並不難。

Try applying some of these tips the next time you're out shooting and see how they improve your cinematography.

下次外出拍攝時，試著應用這些技巧，看看它們如何改善你的電影拍攝。

See how you can use the rule of thirds to adjust your interviews and get your B-roll shots looking that much nicer.

看看如何利用三分法則調整你的採訪，讓你的 B-roll 鏡頭看起來更漂亮。

See what kind of leading lines you can see out in the real world to show where a character might be going or to add emphasis to your portraits.

看看在現實世界中能看到哪些引導線，以顯示人物可能要去的地方，或為肖像畫添加重點。

You can start using all of these tips today to improve your framing and composition.

您可以從今天開始使用所有這些技巧來改進您的取景和構圖。

So if you're enjoying these videos, go ahead and leave a like down below, subscribe to the channel.

如果你喜歡這些視頻，請在下面留言點贊，並訂閱頻道。

There's a lot more to come.

還有更多精彩等著你。

Thank you for watching this one and good luck on your framing and composition.

感謝您觀看這幅作品，祝您在取景和構圖方面好運。