Name: 想要得到長壽的秘訣嗎？看看科學家從研究 90 歲以上老人中學到了什麼！ (What scientists have learned from studying people over 90 | 60 Minutes Archive)
Uploaded: 2024-08-09T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 13 min 35 s

我們是一個越來越長壽的民族。

基礎被動語態

Over the next 30 years, the number of Americans age 90 and above is expected to triple.

在未來 30 年內，90 歲及以上的美國人預計將增加兩倍。

And an NIH-funded research study, called 90PLUS at the University of California, Irvine, is trying to learn all it can, right now, from a group of men and women who've already managed to get there.

由美國國立衛生研究院（NIH）資助、加州大學歐文分校（University of California, Irvine）開展的一項名為 "90PLUS "的研究，正試圖從一群已經成功達到這一目標的男性和女性身上，瞭解他們的一切。

Six years ago, we first reported on their first set of findings, factors associated with longer life, exercise, moderate drinking of alcohol and caffeine, social engagement, and our favorite, putting on a few pounds as we age.

六年前，我們首次報道了他們的第一組研究結果，即與長壽、運動、適量飲酒和咖啡因、社會參與相關的因素，以及我們最喜歡的隨著年齡增長而增重的因素。

The 90PLUS study's focus is now on memory and dementia.

目前，90PLUS 研究的重點是記憶力和痴呆症。

What they've learned, and what they haven't, drew us back, as did the 90PLUSers.

他們學到了什麼，還沒有學到什麼，都吸引著我們，90PLUSers 也是如此。

Take a quick look at when we first met them in 2014.

回顧一下我們在 2014 年第一次見到他們時的情景吧。

I was born on August 25th, 1920, and I'm 93 plus.

我出生於 1920 年 8 月 25 日，今年 93 歲多。

June 15th, 1918, and it was, I'm sure, a lovely day.

1918年6月15日，我相信那是一個美好的日子。

The men and women we met six years ago had all agreed to be checked out by the 90PLUS study team, top to bottom, every six months.

六年前，我們遇到的那些男人和女人都同意每六個月接受一次 90PLUS 研究小組從上到下的檢查。

他們站立和坐下的速度有多快。

至關重要的是，他們是如何思考的。

They were an impressive and active group.

他們是一個令人印象深刻的活躍團體。

第二次世界大戰中的一名 B-17 炮手。

A fellow World War II vet who drove a convertible.

一位開敞篷車的二戰老兵戰友。

I asked them, aren't you going to ask us any questions about our sex life?

我問他們，你們不問我們的性生活嗎？

And sadly, some who had begun to struggle with dementia.

遺憾的是，有些人已經開始與痴呆症作鬥爭。

Neurologist Claudia Kawas, the 90PLUS study's lead investigator, says studying the oldest old is increasingly important.

90PLUS 研究的首席研究員、神經學家克勞迪婭-卡瓦斯（Claudia Kawas）說，對高齡老人的研究越來越重要。

Half of all children born today in the United States and Europe is going to reach their 103rd or 4th birthday.

今天在美國和歐洲出生的所有兒童中，有一半將活到 103 歲或 4 歲。

Half the children born today are going to live to 100?

今天出生的孩子有一半能活到 100 歲？

You know, I don't feel a day older than I was yesterday.

你知道，我不覺得自己比昨天老了一天。

They invited us back six years later, and we found some study participants, like Helen

六年後，他們又邀請我們回去，我們找到了一些研究參與者，比如海倫

Now 99, Helen showed us how she exercises in her chair.

現年 99 歲的海倫向我們展示了她如何在椅子上鍛鍊身體。

Lou Tirado, the World War II gunner, turned 100 in August.

二戰炮手盧-蒂拉多（Lou Tirado）今年 8 月已滿 100 歲。

When he was a kid, most homes didn't have a radio.

在他小時候，大多數家庭都沒有收音機。

Yeah, I tell her every evening, wake me up at 6.30 tomorrow morning.

是啊，我每天晚上都告訴她，明早六點半叫醒我。

Because of COVID-19, the 90-plus study is doing cognitive tests by phone.

由於 COVID-19，這項 90 多人的研究正在通過電話進行認知測試。

But one of our favorite 90-plussers from six years ago, Ruthie Stahl, is not so lucky.

但是，六年前我們最喜歡的一位 90-plusser Ruthie Stahl 就沒那麼幸運了。

Back then, at 95, she was zipping around in her lime green bug.

那時，95 歲的她正開著她的青綠色越野車飛馳。

But today, at 102, she didn't remember our having met.

但今天，102 歲的她已經不記得我們見過面了。

Ruthie is as charming and upbeat as ever, but her memory is failing.

Ruthie 還是一如既往地迷人和樂觀，但她的記憶力正在衰退。

The current president or the president before him?

Is it frustrating when you can't remember?

記不起來的時候會不會很沮喪？

Dr. Kawas says most people, probably even most doctors, would assume Ruthie's memory problems stem from Alzheimer's disease.

Kawas 醫生說，大多數人，甚至大多數醫生，都會認為 Ruthie 的記憶問題源於老年痴呆症。

But scientists are finding out more and more about the complexities of what causes dementia.

但是，科學家們對痴呆症的複雜病因發現得越來越多。

You hear people say, she got Alzheimer's, he has Alzheimer's, when they really should say dementia.

你會聽到人們說，她得了老年痴呆症，他得了老年痴呆症，其實他們應該說是痴呆症。

Dementia is a loss of thinking abilities that affects your memory, your language.

痴呆症是一種喪失思維能力的疾病，會影響您的記憶和語言。

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想要得到長壽的秘訣嗎？看看科學家從研究 90 歲以上老人中學到了什麼！ (What scientists have learned from studying people over 90 | 60 Minutes Archive)

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