In this video, we'll look at the words PAL, POL, PAWL, POOL, and PULL. We'll help you pronounce these words easily and correctly, hear the difference between them, and understand these vowels and dark L sounds. So first of all, looking at the word PAL, we have the A vowel.

在本視頻中，我們將學習單詞 PAL、POL、PAWL、POOL 和 PULL。我們將幫助您輕鬆、正確地發音這些單詞，聽出它們之間的區別，並理解這些元音和暗 L 音。首先，我們來看 PAL 這個單詞，它的元音是 A。

That's the most typical vowel that you'll hear for letter A in American English. It's not an

這是您在美式英語中聽到的字母 A 最典型的元音。它不是一個

AH vowel, so we don't have a word with AL that has the AH, no PAL in American English.

是以，在美式英語中，我們沒有一個單詞的AL帶有AH元音，也沒有PAL元音。

So this is a more forward vowel, PAL. What I like to do is pair another word to help you match the vowel. So it might be challenging because of that L. In PAL, you can think about the man's name Al, but for many people that's not very helpful. It might be easier to think about a word like that. So try that pal or cat pal, my cat pal, to keep that AH vowel the same.

所以這是一個更靠前的元音，PAL。我喜歡做的是搭配另一個單詞來幫助你匹配元音。在 PAL 中，你可以想想這個人的名字 Al，但這對很多人來說幫助不大。想想這樣的單詞可能會更容易些。所以可以試試 pal 或 cat pal，我的貓咪夥伴，保持 AH 母音不變。

Then when we go to POL, letter O in this word does say the O diphthong. Make sure you hold your O long enough. POL, POL. And what you'll notice is that in PAL, PAL, I don't really have to have much of a dark L in that word. It is a final L, it's probably dark, but I'm not doing a much schwa.

然後，當我們讀到 POL 時，這個單詞中的字母 O 就會發出 O 的雙元音。確保你的 O 保持足夠長的時間。POL，POL。你會注意到，在 PAL、PAL 中，我不需要在單詞中加入太多的暗 L。它是最後的 L，可能是暗 L，但我沒有做太多的 schwa。

I'm just going right from the AH to the O, PAL. But in POL, because I have the rounded vowel,

我只是從 AH 到 O，PAL。但在 POL 中，因為我的元音是圓的、

I have my dark, my schwa positioned for my dark L. So that means the front of my tongue lifts and the back of my tongue stays down. Because I'm moving from that round O to the schwa,

這意味著我的舌頭前部抬起，舌頭後部保持向下。因為我正在從圓形的 "O "移動到 "schwa"、

OL, OL, it almost sounds like POL, POL. So there's a little glide of a W between my O and my schwa sound. POL. So using our matching, you can try something like a cold POL. I'll write POL this way because we also have the North Pole, which is a cold POL. This kind of POL is a survey.

OL，OL，聽起來就像 POL，POL。所以在我的 O 和我的 schwa 音之間有一點 W 的滑音。POL。是以，利用我們的匹配，你可以試試像冷POL這樣的發音。我會這樣寫 POL，因為北極也是冷 POL。這種 POL 是一種調查。

Or no pole, being able to match that vowel. So we have that pal, no pole. Then for PAWL, this is a less commonly used word, but for many of you, the AWL words like tall, call, and pawl are more challenging. We have the AWL vowel. So trying just the first part of the word like PAW might help you get PAWL, PAWL. This PAWL is also the same as the man's name, PAWL.

或者沒有極點，能夠與元音匹配。所以我們有了這個 pal，no pole。然後是 PAWL，這是一個不太常用的詞，但對你們中的很多人來說，像 tall、call 和 pawl 這樣的 AWL 詞更具挑戰性。我們有 AWL 的元音。是以，只嘗試單詞的前半部分，如 PAW，可能會幫助你得到 PAWL、PAWL。這個 PAWL 也與該男子的名字 PAWL 相同。

So thinking about tall PAWL, or tall may also be challenging for you, so you can try something like um, an awesome PAWL, um, or saw the PAWL. Then when we move to POOL, again we have another rounded vowel, so our OO vowel. Letters OO often say the OO sound in English. Sometimes they say the UH sound, but just on a few words. In the word POOL, we have a true tense OO sound, and because again, we're going from that rounded POOL, we might think of it as having that W glide when we're moving from the OO to the schwa before the L, pool. Again, words like cool might also be, or school might be challenging for you still, so you can think of perhaps a new pool, or if new is hard for you, watch out that you don't want to say new with a glide, you just want again new, that OO vowel, or another OO word for pool, how about blue, blue might be easier, a blue pool. Then when we move to PULL, here's where we have our UH vowel, that's in words like push and could, so you can remember push and pull, or could pull, the spelling of the UH vowel is often letter U or letters OU, and it's a rounded vowel too, pull, pull, but it's higher and less tense than the OO, so I don't have so much of a glide W sound, just pull, not pool, no W gliding there. Okay, so quite a few different words, quite a bit of challenge here with these different vowel sounds and combining them with that dark L. I do have some other videos talking more about how to do that dark L, and of course how to do these different vowel sounds, but using the matching for with a word that has the vowel that's easier for you to say is a great way to be able to make these contrasts and be able to say these words. You can find out more about all of these vowel sounds and all of the consonant sounds in our Sounds of English course on speechmodification.com. If you have a suggestion you'd like to see me cover in our Word of the

是以，思考高個子 PAWL 或高個子對你來說可能也很有挑戰性，所以你可以嘗試像嗯，真棒 PAWL，嗯，或鋸子 PAWL 這樣的發音。然後，當我們讀到 POOL 時，又有了另一個圓元音，即我們的 OO 母音。字母 OO 通常在英語中表示 OO 音。有時也會發出 UH 音，但只是在少數單詞中。在單詞 "POOL "中，我們有一個真正的時態 OO 音，而且因為我們是從圓潤的 POOL 開始的，所以我們可以把它看作是從 OO 到 L（"池"）之前的 schwa 時的 W 滑音。同樣，"酷"（cool）或 "學校"

Day series, feel free to leave that in the comments for this video or any of my videos.

日系列，歡迎在本視頻或我的任何視頻的評論中留言。

You can also attend our Friday live question and answer classes, those are at 12 noon on Fridays,

您還可以參加我們的週五現場問答課程，時間為每週五中午 12 點、

Seattle time, three o'clock Eastern time, and you put your questions in the chat, I'll answer them for you live, and we can talk about words that you'd like help pronouncing, sounds, American accent, and more. I hope to see you there. I'm Christine Dunbar from speechmodification.com.

西雅圖時間，東部時間下午三點，你可以在聊天室裡提問，我會現場回答你的問題，我們還可以討論你需要幫助的單詞發音、讀音、美國口音等問題。希望在那裡見到你。我是來自 speechmodification.com 的 Christine Dunbar。

Remember, if you want to sound like a native speaker, you can do it. Speechmodification.com.

請記住，如果您想讓自己的聲音聽起來像母語人士，您是可以做到的。Speechmodification.com.

Bye everyone, hope to see you again soon.

大家再見，希望很快再見到你們。