Schadenfreude and sadism both involve pleasure from others' suffering but differ in key aspects.

幸災樂禍和虐待狂都是從他人的痛苦中獲得快感，但在關鍵方面有所不同。

Schadenfreude, a passive experience, arise from observing misfortunes, often fueled by envy or a sense of justice, without a desire to cause harm.

幸災樂禍（Schadenfreude）是一種被動體驗，源於對不幸的觀察，通常是出於嫉妒或正義感，並沒有造成傷害的慾望。

It's a complex emotion that varies culturally and is not universally accepted but is sometimes seen as a relatively less harmful reaction.

這是一種複雜的情緒，因文化而異，並不被普遍接受，但有時也被視為一種危害相對較小的反應。

Sadism, conversely, entails active infliction of pain or humiliation driven by a desire for control and power and range from mild to extreme forms.

相反，虐待狂則是在控制慾和權力慾的驅使下主動施加痛苦或羞辱，其形式從輕微到極端都有。

It's socially and legally condemned, associated with ethical violation and concerns over consent and morality.

它在社會上和法律上都受到譴責，與違反道德以及對同意和道德的擔憂聯繫在一起。

The main distinction lies in Schadenfreude's passive nature and societal reception versus sadism's active engagement and moral implication.

主要區別在於幸災樂禍的被動性質和社會接受度與虐待狂的主動參與和道德暗示。

Both highlight different psychological and social dynamics in how individuals relate to others' distress.

兩者都強調了個人如何與他人的痛苦相聯繫的不同心理和社會動態。