Today, a big health warning for 1.8 billion people around the world who don't do enough exercise.

今天，有一個向全球 18 億缺乏足夠運動的人們發出的重大健康警告。

Hello, I'm Neil.

你好，我是 Neil。

And I'm Georgie.

我叫 Georgie。

In this programme, we look at one big news story and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.

在本節目中，我們將介紹一則重大新聞，以及有助於你理解新聞的標題詞彙。

You can find all the vocabulary and headlines from this episode, as well as a worksheet, on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我們的網站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到本集的所有詞彙和標題，以及一份習題。

So Georgie, let's talk a little bit more about today's story.

Georgie，讓我們來談談今天的故事。

A World Health Organisation study, that's WHO, has found that around 1.8 billion people in the world are inactive.

世界衛生組織（WHO）的一項研究發現，全世界約有 18 億人不運動。

That means they do not move around enough.

這意味著他們活動得不夠多。

Yes, so according to the WHO, adults need to spend at least 150 minutes a week doing moderate activity or 75 minutes a week doing vigorous – that means energetic – activity to stay healthy.

是的，根據世衛組織的說法，成年人要保持健康，每週至少要花 150 分鐘進行適度活動，或每週至少要花 75 分鐘進行劇烈活動，也就是精力充沛的活動。

The results are part of a worldwide study and show that more people are inactive globally than the last study in 2010.

該結果是一項全球性研究的一部分，表明與 2010 年的上一次研究相比，全球有更多的人不愛運動。

So our first headline describes the results of the report.

我們的第一個標題描述了報告的結果。

It is from Medical Express:

這是《醫療快報》的報導：

'Wake-up call': third of adults not doing enough physical activity

「警告」：三分之一的成年人沒有進行足夠的體育鍛煉。

OK, let's hear that again.

好吧，讓我們再聽一遍。

'Wake-up call': third of adults not doing enough physical activity

「警告」：三分之一的成年人沒有進行足夠的體育鍛煉。

And that's from Medical Express.

這是《醫療快報》的報導。

We're going to start by looking at the expression right at the beginning of that headline: wake-up call.

我們先來看看標題開頭的表述：wake-up call（警告）。

Yes, and we know wake up as a phrasal verb, it means to stop sleeping.

是的，我們知道 wake up 是一個短語動詞，這意味著停止睡眠。

So you're in bed, you're sleeping and in the morning, we wake up.

你在床上睡覺，早上我們醒來。

But Neil, what about wake-up call as a noun?

但是 Neil，wake-up 作為名詞又是什麼意思呢？

Well, yes, let's think of a wake-up call like an alarm.

嗯，是的，讓我們把 wake-up call 想象成鬧鐘。

So it's something which forces you to stop sleeping.

它是一種迫使你停止睡眠的東西。

Literally, you can get a wake-up call in a hotel where you ask them to call you at a certain time in the morning to wake you up.

從字面上看，你可以在飯店裡接到叫醒電話，讓他們在早上的某個時間打電話叫你起床。

Yes, but in the headline, wake-up call is more metaphorical.

是的，但在標題中，wake-up call 更多的是一種隱喻。

So we're not talking about the literal sense like a hotel wake-up call.

所以，我們說的不是字面意義上的飯店叫醒服務。

It's like a warning or reminder that we need to wake up and do something about this problem, according to this WHO study.

世衛組織的這項研究表明，這就像一個警告或提醒，我們需要警醒起來，對這個問題採取一些措施。

So Neil, in what situations can we use it?

那麼 Neil，在什麼情況下我們可以使用它呢？

Well, it's used a lot in situations where we suddenly get information which reveals a serious problem and suggests that we need to change.

當我們突然得到資訊，發現了一個嚴重的問題，並建議我們需要改變時，就會經常用到這個詞。

So, for example, it was my dad's birthday recently and I wanted to buy him a nice present.

舉個例子，最近是我爸爸的生日，我想給他買件好禮物。

But I realised I'd spent all of my money so I couldn't really afford to buy him what I wanted to and that was a wake-up call for me to organise my finances better.

但我意識到我已經花光了所有的錢，所以我真的沒錢給他買我想買的東西，這給我敲響了警鐘，讓我更好地安排自己的財務。

That was wake-up call, a piece of information which gives a strong warning about a problem.

這是一個警鐘，一個對問題發出強烈警告的資訊。

For example, this practice exam was a real wake-up call.

例如，這次模擬考試就給我們敲響了警鐘。

I really need to study more if I'm going to pass the real one.

如果我要通過真槍實彈的考驗。

This is Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.

這裡是《從新聞中學習英語》，我們的播客介紹新聞標題。

Today, we're talking about a WHO report which says 1.8 billion people across the world are inactive.

今天我們要討論的是世界衛生組織的一份報告，該報告稱全球有 18 億人不運動。

So, as we've heard, the results of the study show that more people in the world are not doing enough exercise or moving around enough.

正如我們所聽到的，研究結果表明，世界上有更多的人沒有做足夠的運動或走動不夠。

So what's the problem?

那麼問題出在哪裡呢？

Well, the reason the WHO are concerned about this is because scientists have linked inactivity to lots of serious health problems.

世衛組織之所以關注這個問題，是因為科學家們已經將不活動與許多嚴重的健康問題聯繫起來。

Yes, for example, inactivity is thought to increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, diabetes and some cancers.

是的，例如，不活動被認為會增加中風、心臟病發作、糖尿病和某些癌症的風險。

And we actually have a headline here which talks about these risks.

實際上，我們有一個標題就談到了這些風險。

It's from The Sun and it says, "Laziness is 'silent threat' putting 1.8billion at risk of heart attacks, cancer & dementia, WHO warns."

來自《太陽報》的報導稱，「世衛組織警告說，懶惰是『無聲的威脅』，使 18 億人面臨心臟病、癌症和癡呆症的風險。」

So let's repeat that headline.

讓我們重複一下這個標題。

Laziness is 'silent threat' putting 1.8billion at risk of heart attacks, cancer & dementia, WHO warns.

世衛組織警告說，懶惰是『無聲的威脅』，使 18 億人面臨心臟病、癌症和癡呆症的風險。

That's from The Sun.

這是《太陽報》的報導。

So that headline starts with the word "laziness"which the writer has used to describe people who don't do enough activity.

該標題以「懶惰」一詞開頭，作者用它來形容活動量不足的人。

Of course, it's more complicated than that.

當然，情況要比這複雜得多。

There are some people who can't do things, not because they're lazy, because they're not able to move.

有些人不能做事，不是因為他們懶惰，而是因為他們動彈不得。

Yes, and we are interested in this expression, "silent threat", which is how the WHO described high levels of inactivity.

是的，我們對「無聲的威脅」這一說法很感興趣，世衛組織就是這樣描述高度不活躍的現象的。

Neil, how can a threat be silent?

Neil，威脅怎麼會無聲無息呢？

Well, we use this phrase to talk about threats or dangers which people don't know about or they can't see.

我們用這個詞來形容人們不知道或看不見的威脅或危險。

Yes, in this story, silent threat is used to show that people don't realise that inactivity increases their risk of lots of diseases.

是的，在這個故事中，「無聲的威脅」被用來說明人們並沒有意識到不運動會增加患多種疾病的風險。

And Georgie, we hear also a related expression, "silent killer."

Georgie，我們還聽到一個相關的說法，「無聲殺手」。

Silent killer, to talk about a serious disease which has no obvious symptoms.

無聲殺手，指沒有明顯症狀的嚴重疾病。

Yeah, it's quite a dramatic term, often used to draw attention to something dangerous, as with silent threat in this headline.

是的，這是一個很有戲劇性的詞，通常用來引起人們對危險事物的注意，就像這個標題中的無聲威脅一樣。

Yes, and a good example, I think, of a silent killer is high blood pressure because lots of people have it and they don't realise that it can be really bad for you.

是的，我認為高血壓就是無聲殺手的一個很好的例子，因為很多人都有高血壓，但他們並沒有意識到高血壓對人體的危害。

We've had silent threat, a danger people don't know about or can't see.

我們面臨著無聲的威脅，一種人們不知道或看不到的危險。

For example, this email system is a silent threat to the company.

例如，這個電子郵件系統對公司構成了無聲的威脅。

It could be hacked really easily.

它很容易被黑客攻擊。

This is Learning English from the News from BBC Learning English.

這裡是 BBC Learning English 的《從新聞學習英語》節目。

We're talking about a report showing a third of the world's adults are inactive.

我們談論的是一份報導，報導顯示全球三分之一的成年人不愛運動。

Yes, and beyond the headline number that 1.8 billion people globally are inactive, the results show what the situation is in different countries around the world.

是的，除了「全球有 18 億人不活躍」這個標題數字之外，結果還顯示了世界不同國家的情況。

Yes, and the highest levels of inactivity were found in South Asia and a region called high-income Asia-Pacific countries, for example, Japan and Singapore and South Korea.

是的，最不活躍的地區是南亞和一個被稱為高收入亞太國家的地區，例如日本、新加坡和韓國。

And the results also show that more women were inactive than men.

結果還顯示，不活動的女性多於男性。

Let's have another headline, this one from The Telegraph:

讓我們再來看看《每日電訊報》的頭條新聞：

Britons are inactive – but WHO figures reveal they have leapfrogged one rival

英國人不活躍——但世界衛生組織的數據顯示，他們已經超越了一位競爭對手

Let's hear that again.

讓我們再聽一遍。

So this one's from The Telegraph: Britons are inactive – but WHO figures reveal they have leapfrogged one rival

這篇來自《每日電訊報》：英國人不活躍——但世界衛生組織的數據顯示，他們已經超越了一位競爭對手

OK, so this headline is looking in detail at how different countries performed in the survey, particularly Britain.

好了，本標題將詳細介紹不同國家在調查中的表現，尤其是英國。

And it mentions a rival.

它還提到了一個對手。

Georgie, any ideas who that rival could be?

Georgie，你知道對手會是誰嗎？

I'm thinking European, I'll guess France.

我想是歐洲人，我猜是法國。

Well, we'll find out later.

我們稍後會知道的。

OK, but we're looking at this word "leapfrogged," which is quite a funny word.

好吧，但我們現在看到的這個詞「躍進」，是個相當有趣的詞。

What have frogs got to do with anything, Neil?

這和青蛙有什麼關係，Neil？

Well, it's not really about frogs, it's about a children's game.

其實，這不是關於青蛙的，而是關於一個兒童遊戲。

And you probably know this game and it probably has a different name in your country.

你可能知道這個遊戲，它在你的國家可能有不同的名字。

But Georgie, you know that game when somebody bends down and another person jumps over their back.

但是 Georgie，你知道那個遊戲嗎？ 有人彎下腰，另一個人就從他背上跳過去。

That, as a verb, is to leapfrog.

作為動詞，這就是「跨越」。

Oh yes, actually I remember playing that game at school.

對了，我還記得在學校裡玩過這個遊戲。

But this headline isn't literally about the game, is it?

但這個標題並不是字面上的遊戲，不是嗎？

No, we're talking about leapfrogging metaphorically.

不，我們說的是比喻性的跨越。

So in the headline, if Britain leapfrogged their rival, it means they jump over the top of them and ahead of them in the results.

在標題中，如果英國躍過對手，就意味著他們在結果中躍過對手，領先對手。

So basically, last time Britain did worse than their rival, so they were more inactive than their rival.

基本上，英國上次的表現比對手差，所以他們比對手更不積極。

This time they did better, so they were less inactive.

這一次，他們表現得更好，所以不那麼不活躍了。

They've leapfrogged them.

他們已經超越了他們。

So Neil, who is this rival?

Neil，對手是誰？

It's actually Australia.

實際上是澳洲。

Britain and Australia have a friendly rivalry and this is really a kind of fun article.

英國和澳洲有著友好的競爭關係，這確實是一篇有趣的文章。

It's not really a competition between countries, but the writers are pointing out something interesting from these results.

這其實並不是國家之間的競爭，但作家們從這些結果中指出了一些有趣的東西。

OK, so back to leapfrog.

好了，說回跨越。

We can use this in sports or other competitive situations to describe that specific situation of jumping ahead of someone.

在體育或其他競爭場合，我們可以用這個詞來形容跳到別人前面的特定情況。

We had "leapfrog" - jump ahead of somebody in a competition.

我們看了 leapfrog——在比賽中領先於他人。

For example, my favourite football team has been leapfrogged in the tournament by their rivals.

例如，我最喜歡的足球隊在聯賽中被對手超越。

This is a nightmare!

這簡直就是一場噩夢！

That's it for this episode of Learning English from the News.

本期 《從新聞中學習英語》節目到此結束。

We'll be back next week for another news story.

下週，我們將為你帶來另一則新聞。

If you've enjoyed this programme, we explore lots of stories about health in 6 Minute English.

如果你喜歡這個節目，我們將在 6 分鐘英語中探討許多有關健康的故事。

You can listen on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我們的網站 bbclearningenglish.com 上收聽。

And don't forget to check out our social media channels, look for BBC Learning English.

別忘了查看我們的社交媒體管道，查找 BBC Learning English。

Bye for now.

再見。

Bye.

再見。