President Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin are in the Kazakh capital Astana for the two-day meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

國家主席習近平和普京正在哈薩克斯坦首都阿斯塔納參加為期兩天的上海合作組織會議。

Now, the annual event has been dominated by China and Russia as they seek to shape regional developments since Moscow's invasion of Ukraine.

現在，自莫斯科入侵烏克蘭以來，中國和俄羅斯一直主導著這一年度盛會，並試圖影響地區發展。

India, Pakistan, Iran, and other Central Asian countries are also members of the group. So let's unpack some of this with Sergey Rodchenko.

印度、巴基斯坦、伊朗和其他中亞國家也是該組織的成員。讓我們與謝爾蓋-羅德琴科一起解讀其中的一些內容。

He's a professor of international relations at Johns Hopkins University.

他是約翰-霍普金斯大學國際關係學教授。

Thank you for your time.

感謝您抽出寶貴時間。

Now, the language that came out of the summit last year had a lot to say about NATO, about the war in Ukraine, even if it didn't reference it directly.

去年峰會的措辭中有很多關於北約和烏克蘭戰爭的內容，儘管沒有直接提及。

What do we expect the focus to be this year?

今年的重點是什麼？

Much of the same.

大同小異。

The grand proclamations of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization do not really matter.

上海合作組織的宏偉宣言並不重要。

It's one of the most inefficient organizations out there.

這是最沒有效率的組織之一。

They don't actually do much.

他們實際上並沒有做什麼。

But what they do allow people to do is to have conversations.

但是，它們確實能讓人們進行對話。

So we are expecting Putin and Xi Jinping to meet on the sidelines of the summit.

是以，我們期待普京和習近平在峰會期間舉行會晤。

Also, Erdogan from Turkey is there.

此外，土耳其的埃爾多安也在那裡。

So it's going to be very interesting to observe what is being discussed.

是以，觀察討論的內容將會非常有趣。

But Ukraine is probably going to be part of the conversation. And, Sergey, you mentioned Recep Tayyip Erdogan there.

但烏克蘭可能會成為對話的一部分。謝爾蓋，你提到了雷傑普-塔伊普-埃爾多安。

Now, he is a member of NATO.

現在，他是北約成員。

So how does that work?

那麼，它是如何工作的呢？

What are his goals when it comes to this summit?

他參加此次峰會的目標是什麼？

Well, I like to see Erdogan as representing NATO at this what is sometimes called dictator's club.

我喜歡把埃爾多安看作是北約在這個有時被稱為獨裁者俱樂部中的代表。

However, jokes aside, Turkey has, of course, very serious interests in Central Asia.

不過，玩笑歸玩笑，土耳其在中亞當然有著非常重大的利益。

And it's natural that when Central Asia is discussed, Turkey wants to be at the or near the table.

在討論中亞問題時，土耳其自然希望參與討論或靠近討論。

We also know that Erdogan and Putin will meet to talk about Syria and Ukraine.

我們還知道埃爾多安和普京將會面討論敘利亞和烏克蘭問題。

That's according to Putin's foreign policy aid. Now, Belarus is also a new member this year.

這是普京的外交政策援助。現在，白俄羅斯也是今年的新成員。

So how does that advance the summit's goals, certainly China and Russia's goals?

那麼，這如何推進峰會的目標，當然也包括中國和俄羅斯的目標？

Well, it doesn't really.

其實不然。

I mean, it was strange that Belarus was not part of that organisation.

我的意思是，白俄羅斯沒有加入該組織很奇怪。

It was set up in 2001 with Central Asian states plus Russia and China.

它於 2001 年與中亞國家以及俄羅斯和中國共同成立。

And this was always seen as a place where Russia and China sort out their problems over Central Asia.

這裡一直被視為俄羅斯和中國解決中亞問題的地方。

But I guess it was also called dictator's club for the reason that all of the countries were effective with tyrannies that were part of that organisation until India joined, that is to say.

但我想它之所以被稱為 "獨裁者俱樂部"，是因為在印度加入該組織之前，所有的國家都在實行暴政。

Well, now with Lukashenko joining, that seems to be part of the natural trend of countries like that to stick together. And just taking a bit more of a wider look, hey, you've been referring to it, but when it comes to China and Russia, could you tell us a bit more about how they're trying to reshape that world order?

現在盧卡申科加入了，這似乎是這些國家團結在一起的自然趨勢的一部分。從更廣闊的角度來看，嘿，你一直在提到這一點，但說到中國和俄羅斯，你能告訴我們更多關於他們如何試圖重塑世界秩序的資訊嗎？

Well, they have their vision, which is directed against the United States in the sense that they, you know, they're pushing for what they call a multipolar world order where their influence and their status is much greater.

他們有自己的願景，而這一願景是針對美國的，因為他們，你知道，他們正在推動所謂的多極世界秩序，在這一秩序中，他們的影響力和地位要大得多。

And this regional organisations like Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is part of that vision.

而像上海合作組織這樣的地區組織正是這一願景的一部分。

But this is not to say that they agree on everything among themselves.

但這並不是說他們之間在所有問題上都意見一致。

They are joined by a shared anti-American agenda, but they also have certain tensions.

他們有共同的反美議程，但也存在一定的矛盾。

And certainly Central Asia is one of the places where they have those tensions. All right, Sergei Srechenko, thank you so much for that analysis.

當然，中亞也是局勢緊張的地區之一。好的，謝爾蓋-斯雷琴科，非常感謝你的分析。

Appreciate your time.

感謝您抽出時間。