The Hard Problem of Consciousness is a term coined by philosopher Davy Chalmers.

意識的難題是哲學家戴維-查莫斯（Davy Chalmers）創造的一個術語。

It addresses the challenge of explaining why and how subjective experiences, or qualia, arise from neural processes.

它所面臨的挑戰是，如何解釋主觀體驗（或稱 "質點"）為何以及如何從神經過程中產生。

This contrasts with the Easy Problem of Consciousness, which deals with understanding the brain's functional aspects, like information processing and behavioral responses.

這與《意識的簡單問題》形成了鮮明對比，後者涉及理解大腦的功能方面，如信息處理和行為反應。

While the term Easy Problem is used somewhat down in chic, Chalmers emphasizes that these issues are still quite challenging.

雖然 "簡單問題 "一詞的用法有些別緻，但 Chalmers 強調說，這些問題仍然具有相當的挑戰性。

As cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker notes, they are quote-unquote easy only in comparison to the Hard Problem.

正如認知心理學家史蒂文-平克（Steven Pinker）所指出的，只有與 "難題 "相比，它們才稱得上 "簡單"。

At least for the quote-unquote easy problem, scientists know what to look for, and with sufficient resources and intellectual effort, solutions might be found within this century.

至少，對於 "容易 "的問題，科學家們知道該尋找什麼，只要有足夠的資源和智力努力，本世紀內就有可能找到解決方案。

The Hard Problem, on the other hand, seeks to uncover why these processes are associated with personal internal experiences, such as the redness of red, or the pain of the headache.

而 "難題 "則試圖揭示為什麼這些過程與個人的內部體驗相關聯，比如紅色的發紅或頭痛的疼痛。

While science can map brain activity and understand its function, this problem questions why these processes give rise to a conscious state, rather than operating in darkness.

雖然科學可以繪製大腦活動圖並瞭解其功能，但這一問題質疑的是，為什麼這些過程會產生有意識的狀態，而不是在黑暗中運行。

It's a philosophical issue that continues to puzzle researchers in neuroscience, cognitive science, and philosophy.

這是一個哲學問題，一直困擾著神經科學、認知科學和哲學研究人員。