For nearly four decades, the U.S. State Department has designated Iran one of the world's leading state sponsors of terrorism.

近四十年來，美國國務院一直將伊朗列為世界上支持恐怖主義的主要國家之一。

But the Obama administration, along with five other countries, agreed to billions of dollars in sanctions relief in exchange for Iran's agreement to dismantle much of its nuclear program and open its facilities to extensive international inspection.

但奧巴馬政府與其他五個國家一道，同意以數十億美元的制裁減免換取伊朗同意拆除其大部分核計劃並開放其設施接受廣泛的國際檢查。

The Trump administration, distrusting Tehran, pulled out of the deal and stepped up crushing economic pressure.

不信任德黑蘭的特朗普政府退出了該協議，並加大了經濟壓力。

That's where Ibrahim Raisi found himself when he was elected president a year ago.

這就是易卜拉欣-雷西一年前當選總統時的處境。

Last month, Iran and the 61-year-old hardliner were on the verge of striking a new deal.

上個月，伊朗和這位 61 歲的強硬派即將達成一項新協議。

But then Iran submitted demands that sent the nuclear talks into a stalemate.

但伊朗隨後提出的要求使核會談陷入僵局。

Sir, thank you.

先生，謝謝你。

I'm Leslie.

我是萊斯利

We met President Raisi Tuesday at the presidential compound in Tehran for his first interview with a Western reporter.

週二，我們在德黑蘭總統府會見了拉伊西總統，這是他首次接受西方記者的採訪。

I was told how to dress, not to sit before he did, and not to interrupt him.

我被告知如何穿衣，不要在他坐下之前坐下，也不要打斷他。

We were given one hour for the interview.

我們有一個小時的面試時間。

Can we start with the negotiations on the nuclear deal?

我們能從核協議談判開始嗎？

Do you want to have that deal renewed?

你想續約嗎？

Because you know, there are some American officials who are beginning to think that you don't.

因為你知道，有些美國官員開始認為你不知道。

If it's a good deal and fair deal, we would be serious about reaching an agreement.

如果這是一個好的交易、公平的交易，我們會認真達成協議。

It needs to be lasting.

它需要持久。

There needs to be guarantees.

需要有保障。

If there were a guarantee, then the Americans could not withdraw from the deal.

如果有擔保，美國人就不能退出協議。

But you can pull out of the deal, I mean, just as well as we could pull out of the deal.

但你們可以退出協議，我是說，就像我們可以退出協議一樣。

You see, the Americans broke their promises.

你看，美國人食言了。

They did it unilaterally.

他們是單方面這麼做的。

They said that, I am out of the deal, now making promises is becoming meaningless.

他們說，我不幹了，現在承諾變得毫無意義。

Are you saying that you cannot trust the Americans?

你是說你不能相信美國人？

We cannot trust the Americans because of the behavior that we've already seen from them.

我們不能相信美國人，因為我們已經看到了他們的所作所為。

That is why if there is no guarantee, there is no trust.

所以說，沒有保障，就沒有信任。

The U.S. says the West can't trust Iran, for instance, when it claims its nuclear program is purely for peaceful purposes.

例如，伊朗聲稱其核計劃純粹用於和平目的，美國卻說西方不能信任伊朗。

As far as we can tell, you don't use it for, you know, things that can help your citizens like electricity.

據我們所知，你們並沒有把它用於，你知道的，能幫助你們公民的東西，比如電力。

You say that you want it for peaceful reasons.

你說你想要它是出於和平的原因。

Like what?

比如說？

Like in medicine, agriculture, oil, gas.

比如醫藥、農業、石油、天然氣。

In terms of peaceful purposes, one available figure from the U.N. nuclear watchdog agency the IAEA is that only 1.8 percent of the country's electricity is generated by nuclear power.

就和平目的而言，聯合國核監督機構國際原子能機構（IAEA）提供的數據顯示，該國僅有 1.8% 的電力是由核能產生的。

There seems to be some evidence that you had been working at least before toward a bomb, a bomb, a weapon, and that you might be doing that again.

似乎有證據表明，你至少以前就在為製造炸彈、炸彈、武器而努力，而且你可能還會再這麼做。

We have responded to these claims several times.

我們已經多次迴應了這些說法。

They are baseless.

它們毫無根據。

The Islamic Republic of Iran has said many times that possessing nuclear weapons has no place in our doctrine.

伊朗伊斯蘭共和國曾多次表示，擁有核武器在我們的理論中沒有任何地位。

However, the U.S. intelligence community has assessed with high confidence that Iran did attempt to develop a nuclear bomb in the past.

然而，美國情報界高度確信，伊朗過去確實曾試圖發展核彈。

And then there are the American citizens being detained in Tehran, three of whom were born in Iran.

還有在德黑蘭被拘留的美國公民，其中三人出生在伊朗。

If there is a deal, would you agree to release the four Americans who are being held here?

如果達成協議，你是否同意釋放被關押在這裡的四名美國人？

Could that be part of it?

這也是原因之一嗎？

There are Iranian nationals also imprisoned inside the U.S.

在美國境內也有伊朗國民被監禁。

These people are only in there because they simply tried to circumvent sanctions.

這些人之所以被關在那裡，只是因為他們試圖規避制裁。

And the Americans, we have told them that we can talk to them about this.

而美國人，我們已經告訴他們，我們可以和他們談談這個問題。

It can be conducted separately from the nuclear talks.

它可以與核會談分開進行。

It can be done between the two countries.

這可以在兩國之間進行。

It is a humanitarian issue.

這是一個人道主義問題。

This can be negotiated.

這一點可以協商。

You're off to New York.

你要去紐約了

You're going to speak at the United Nations.

你將在聯合國發言。

You know, President Biden is going to be there.

拜登總統也會到場。

Are you open to a meeting with President Biden, a face-to-face?

你願意與拜登總統面對面會談嗎？

No, I don't think that such a meeting would happen.

不，我不認為會舉行這樣的會議。

I don't believe having a meeting or talk with him will be beneficial.

我不認為與他會面或談話會有什麼好處。

What do you think the difference is, from your perspective, between the Trump administration and the Biden administration?

從你的角度看，你認為特朗普政府和拜登政府的區別是什麼？

The new administration in the U.S., they claim that they are different from the Trump administration.

美國新政府聲稱他們與特朗普政府不同。

They have said it in their messages to us.

他們在給我們的資訊中已經說過了。

But we haven't witnessed any changes in reality.

但我們並沒有看到現實發生任何變化。

His major grievance against President Biden is that he has maintained the sanctions on

他對拜登總統的主要不滿在於，拜登總統維持了對美國的制裁。

Iran that President Trump imposed.

特朗普總統對伊朗實施的制裁。

The sanctions are very tyrannical.

制裁非常專橫。

This is a tyranny against the people of Iran.

這是對伊朗人民的暴政。

It is important to us to have the sanctions lifted.

取消制裁對我們很重要。

The sanctions thrust Iran into a two-year recession, mainly because oil exports from refineries like this one fell overnight from 2.8 million barrels a day to about 200,000.

制裁使伊朗陷入了長達兩年的經濟衰退，主要原因是像這樣的煉油廠的石油出口量一夜之間從每天 280 萬桶下降到大約 20 萬桶。

Businesses have been cut off from international banking.

企業被切斷了國際銀行業務。

With inflation today in Iran at over 40 percent, virtually everything is more expensive.

如今伊朗的通貨膨脹率超過 40%，幾乎所有東西都更加昂貴。

And yet we found traffic here as clogged as in New York.

然而，我們發現這裡的交通和紐約一樣擁堵。

And as we saw, Tehran's bazaars are teeming with shoppers.

正如我們看到的那樣，德黑蘭的集市上擠滿了購物者。

The ones we met were friendly to us.

我們遇到的人都對我們很友好。

Oh, I'm good.

哦，我很好。

How are you?

你好嗎？

Good.

很好。

Do you study English in school?

您在學校學習英語嗎？

One reason for the bustling commerce is something the president calls the resistance economy, in which businesses are encouraged to make more of the things themselves that they used to import.

商業繁榮的原因之一是總統所稱的抵制經濟，即鼓勵企業自己生產更多過去需要進口的產品。

So, do you know where these are made?

那麼，你知道這些是在哪裡生產的嗎？

Made in Iran.

伊朗製造。

In Iran?

在伊朗？

Yeah.

是啊

Homemade blue jeans.

自制藍色牛仔褲

For our country.

為了我們的國家

Also made in Iran, washing machines, refrigerators, TVs.

伊朗還生產洗衣機、冰箱和電視機。

They also have their own version of Uber Eats called Snap Food.

他們還有自己版本的 Uber Eats，名為 Snap Food。

Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, dating back to 4,000 B.C.

伊朗是世界上最古老文明的發源地之一，其歷史可追溯到公元前 4000 年。

It's where the foundations of algebra and chemistry were developed.

代數和化學的基礎就是在這裡奠定的。

Today, while there's attention to religious tradition in the Islamic Republic, it's one of the most westernized countries in the Middle East, with a well-educated population.

如今，伊斯蘭共和國雖然重視宗教傳統，但卻是中東地區西方化程度最高的國家之一，人民受過良好的教育。

This mall could be anywhere in America, with an ice skating rink, a food court with hot dogs and burgers, and the least expected, sexy window displays.

這個購物中心可以是美國的任何地方，有溜冰場，有熱狗和漢堡的美食廣場，還有最意想不到的性感櫥窗。

And yet, President Raisi just signed a decree making women who don't dress modestly subject to arrest.

然而，拉伊西總統剛剛簽署了一項法令，規定著裝不體面的婦女將被逮捕。

A young woman died Friday after the morality police took her into custody for violating the rules on head coverings.

週五，一名年輕女子因違反戴頭巾規定而被道德警察拘留，之後死亡。

Eyewitnesses say they saw her being beaten while in a police van.

目擊者說，他們看到她在一輛警車裡被毆打。

President Raisi's office says he ordered an investigation.

拉伊西總統辦公室稱，他已下令進行調查。

Syed Ibrahim Raisi descends from the prophet Mohammed as his black turban signifies, according to Shiite Muslim tradition.

根據什葉派穆斯林傳統，賽義德-易卜拉欣-拉伊西（Syed Ibrahim Raisi）是先知穆罕默德的後裔，他的黑頭巾代表著這一點。

He's a hardline conservative cleric like his mentor, the supreme leader Ayatollah Khamenei.

他和他的導師、最高領袖阿亞圖拉-哈梅內伊一樣，都是強硬保守的神職人員。

I want to ask you about your own record.

我想問問你自己的記錄。

There is a personal sanction against you.

這是對你個人的制裁。

You took part in a commission that was responsible for executing up to 5,000 political dissidents.

您參加了一個負責處決多達 5000 名持不同政見者的委員會。

They were hanged or shot by firing squad.

他們或被絞死，或被行刑隊槍決。

I want to ask if you regret that action.

我想問，你是否後悔這樣做？

What kind of proof can you offer for this?

你能為此提供什麼證據？

These are just allegations and claims made by members of a terrorist group.

這些只是恐怖組織成員的指控和說法。

You're saying that that was a not true and that the act?

你的意思是說，這不是真的，而這一行為？

Anybody who commits a crime in Iran stands trial in official courts of law and they receive punishments for what they did.

任何在伊朗犯罪的人都要接受官方法庭的審判，併為自己的所作所為接受懲罰。

They were assassinating people and what happened to them was exactly proportionate to what they did.

他們在暗殺別人，他們的遭遇與他們的所作所為完全成正比。

But the U.S. Treasury Department sanctioned Raisi personally for human rights violations over this.

但美國財政部卻是以以侵犯人權為由制裁了拉伊西個人。

And Amnesty International called it a crime against humanity.

大赦國際稱其為危害人類罪。

The president was feisty with us, sprinkling his answers with a predictable antipathy toward

總統對我們態度強硬，在回答問題時，對我們的反感之情溢於言表。

Israel and Jewish people.

以色列和猶太人

The supreme leader, Ayatollah Khamenei, was scathing when he tweeted on the same subject in English in 2018, Israel is a malignant cancerous tumor that has to be removed and eradicated.

最高領袖阿亞圖拉-哈梅內伊在 2018 年用英語就同一主題發表推文時，措辭嚴厲地指出：以色列是一個惡性腫瘤，必須切除和剷除。

Do you believe the Holocaust happened?

你相信大屠殺發生過嗎？

That six million Jews were slaughtered?

六百萬猶太人被屠殺？

Look historical events should be investigated by researchers and historians.

研究人員和歷史學家應該對歷史事件進行調查。

There are some signs that it happened.

有一些跡象表明發生過這種情況。

If so, they should allow it to be investigated and researched.

如果是這樣，他們應該允許進行調查和研究。

So you're not sure.

所以你不確定。

I'm getting that.

我明白了。

You're not sure.

你不確定。

What about Israel's right to exist?

那以色列的生存權呢？

You see, the people of Palestine are the reality.

你看，巴勒斯坦人民就是現實。

This is the right of the people of Palestine who are forced to leave their houses and motherland.

這是被迫離開家園和祖國的巴勒斯坦人民的權利。

The Americans are supporting this false regime there to take root and be established there.

美國人正在支持這個虛假政權在那裡生根發芽。

You know that Morocco, Bahrain, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates have all recognized

你們知道摩洛哥、巴林、蘇丹和阿拉伯聯合酋長國都承認

Israel and have relations with Israel.

以色列，並與以色列保持關係。

And it is said that Saudi Arabia is also talking directly with Israel.

據說，沙特阿拉伯也在與以色列直接對話。

And I wonder if you'd want to comment on that.

我想知道你是否願意對此發表評論。

If a state shakes hands with the Zionist regime, then they are also an accomplice to their crimes.

如果一個國家與猶太復國主義政權握手言和，那麼他們也是其罪行的幫凶。

And they are stabbing the very idea of Palestine in the back.

他們還在背後捅巴勒斯坦的刀子。

You have vowed revenge on the U.S. government for the killing of General Soleimani.

你曾發誓要報復美國政府殺害蘇萊曼尼將軍。

More than two years ago, the U.S. killed General Qasem Soleimani in a drone strike.

兩年多前，美國在一次無人機襲擊中炸死了卡西姆-蘇萊曼尼將軍。

A revered military hero in Iran, he masterminded deadly attacks on American forces throughout the region for years.

他是伊朗人敬仰的軍事英雄，多年來策劃了對整個地區美軍的致命襲擊。

The Supreme Leader has called for retaliation.

最高領袖要求進行報復。

Are you intending to retaliate by assassinating officials from the Trump administration?

你是否打算通過暗殺特朗普政府的官員來進行報復？

What the then American government did by the direct order of Trump himself to assassinate

當時的美國政府奉特朗普本人的直接命令，暗殺了

Mr. Qasem Soleimani, this was a heinous crime.

卡西姆-蘇萊曼尼先生，這是令人髮指的罪行。

We want justice to be served.

我們希望正義得到伸張。

We are not going to forget about this.

我們不會忘記這一點。

I'm wondering what you mean by justice.

我想知道你所說的公正是什麼意思。

Does it mean an eye for an eye?

這是否意味著以牙還牙？

There was this assassination.

發生了一起暗殺事件。

Now we're going to have an answer assassination.

現在我們將有一個答案暗殺。

That's the type of the actions that the Americans and Zionist regimes are doing in the world.

這就是美國人和猶太復國主義政權在世界上的所作所為。

We are not going to carry out the same actions.

我們不會採取同樣的行動。

And yet the U.S. Department of Justice has charged a member of Iran's Revolutionary Guard with just that, plotting to assassinate John Bolton, President Trump's former national security advisor.

然而，美國司法部卻指控伊朗革命衛隊的一名成員策劃暗殺特朗普總統的前國家安全顧問約翰-博爾頓。

As he prepares for his trip to the U.N., President Raisi is defiant.

在為聯合國之行做準備時，拉伊西總統表現得很強硬。

His message?

他的資訊？

No concessions in the nuclear deal.

核協議中沒有讓步。

Iran will not back down.

伊朗不會退縮。

And it can survive the sanctions, which he says could well backfire against the United

他說，制裁很可能會對美國產生反作用。

States.

各州。

Yes, they can create restrictions and problems for us and difficulties, but there's a number of countries that are being sanctioned.

是的，它們會給我們帶來限制和問題，也會給我們帶來困難，但有很多國家正在受到制裁。

By doing this, they are bringing them closer together, making them more united.

這樣做可以拉近他們之間的距離，使他們更加團結。

And this will render American sanctions ineffective.

這將使美國的制裁失效。

Right.

對

Chinese, Russians, Iranians getting closer.

中國人、俄羅斯人、伊朗人越來越近。

This approach won't work.

這種方法行不通。

As we ended what seemed to be a cordial conversation, we were surprised when a member of Raisi's staff reached up and blocked one of our cameramen from shooting our goodbyes.

當我們結束看似親切的談話時，拉伊西的一名工作人員伸手擋住了我們的一名攝影師，不讓他拍攝我們道別的畫面，這讓我們大吃一驚。

This is my camera.

這是我的相機。

Another one of our cameraman's phones was confiscated and held by President Raisi's security team for two and a half hours.

我們的另一名攝影師的手機被沒收，並被拉伊西總統的安保團隊扣留了兩個半小時。