This is News Review from BBC Learning English, where we help you understand news headlines in English. I'm Beth.

這是 BBC 學習英語的新聞回顧節目，我們幫助你用英語理解新聞標題。 我叫 Beth。

And I'm Phil.

我叫 Phil。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn the vocabulary that you need to talk about this story.

請務必看完影片，以便學習談論這個故事所需的詞彙。

And remember to subscribe to our channel to learn more English from the headlines.

記得訂閱我們的頻道，瞭解更多英語的頭條新聞。

Now today's story.

現在開始故事。

For many, ice cream, pizza and Italy go hand in hand.

對許多人來說，冰淇淋、披薩和義大利是密不可分的。

Now, the northern city of Milan has plans to ban the sale of these famous Italian foods late at night.

現在，北部城市米蘭已計劃禁止在深夜出售這些著名的義大利食品。

The city's council is considering the move after complaints about noise from local residents.

在收到當地居民對噪音的投訴後，市議會正在考慮採取這項措施。

Critics of the plan say it will damage local businesses.

該計劃的批評者表示，這將損害當地的生意。

You've been looking at the headlines, Phil.

你一直在看頭條新聞，Phil。

What's the vocabulary that people need to understand this news story in English?

人們需要哪些詞彙來理解這個英語新聞報導？

We have 'poised,' 'declares war on' and 'sort of.'

我們要學習「做好準備」、「宣戰」和「某種程度上」。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是 BBC Learning English 的新聞評論節目。

Let's have our first headline.

來看第一個標題。

This is from Euronews:

這是來自《歐洲新聞》：

Why is Milan poised to ban ice cream and pizza after midnight?

為什麼米蘭準備在午夜後禁止冰淇淋和披薩？

So this headline asks why Milan is trying to ban pizza and ice cream.

所以這個標題問為什麼米蘭試圖禁止披薩和冰淇淋。

We're looking at the word poised.

我們正在看「準備」這個詞。

Phil, what can you tell us about it?

Phil，你可以跟我們說說嗎？

OK.

好的。

Well, literally, poised means in position and ready to act.

從字面上看，poised 意味著就位並準備採取行動。

Maybe you think of an animal.

也許你會想到一種動物。

We might say that a snake is poised to strike.

我們可以說，一條蛇正準備發動攻擊。

And what that means is that the snake is looking at the mouse.

這意味著蛇正在看老鼠。

It's very still and just getting ready to jump on the mouse and eat it.

它一動也不動，正準備跳到老鼠身上吃掉它。

But here, poised is metaphorical.

但在這裡，「蓄勢待發」是隱喻。

We're not literally talking about an animal, but imagine the council ready to do something dramatic and that thing is to ban ice cream and pizza.

我們不是在字面上談論動物，而是想像議會準備做一些戲劇性的事情，那就是禁止冰淇淋和披薩。

Yeah. So we often use poised to mean ready to do something, poised to act, poised to announce.

是的。 因此，我們經常使用 poised 來表示準備做某事、準備採取行動、準備宣布。

It has this idea of anticipation that there's something quite serious coming quite often.

它有這樣一種預期，即經常會發生一些非常嚴重的事情。

Yes, and pizza and ice cream in Milan is definitely serious business.

是的，披薩和冰淇淋在米蘭絕對是一件嚴肅的事。

OK, let's look at that again.

好吧，讓我們再看一下。

Let's have a look at our next headline.

請看下一個標題。

This is from The Telegraph:

這是來自《電訊報》的：

Italian city declares war on ice cream sellers.

義大利城市向冰淇淋賣家宣戰。

So this headline, again, is about the Italian city Milan versus ice cream, ice cream sellers.

所以這個標題又是關於義大利城市米蘭與冰淇淋、冰淇淋賣家之間的鬥爭。

We're looking at declares war on.

我們要看的是「宣戰」這個用法。

This sounds very dramatic.

這聽起來很戲劇化。

OK, yeah.

是的。

I mean, this isn't literal.

我的意思是，這不是字面意思。

Literally is when one country says to another country, we're at war with you.

從字面上看，就是一個國家對另一個國家說，我們正在與你們交戰。

But this isn't that.

但這邊不是這樣。

It's just talking about a confrontation.

這只是在談論對抗。

There's a conflict or disagreement between the city council and the ice cream sellers.

市議會和冰淇淋銷售商之間存在衝突或分歧。

Yes. So declare war on here in the headline is metaphorical.

是的。 因此，在標題中宣戰是隱喻。

And this reminds me of another phrase, which is the war on something.

這讓我想起了另一個詞，那就是對某事的戰爭。

Again, it's not really to do with the military or armies.

再說一遍，這與軍隊無關。

You might hear about the war on unemployment or the war on drugs.

你可能聽說過針對失業的戰爭或針對毒品的戰爭。

What kind of situations do we hear it in usually?

我們通常在什麼情況下聽到它？

OK, we often hear this from politicians or journalists reporting on politicians.

好吧，我們常常從政客或報導政客的記者那裡聽到這樣的說法。

And when they announce a war on something, it means it's a problem they want to take strong action against.

當他們宣布對某件事發動戰爭時，這意味著他們想要採取強有力的行動來解決這個問題。

So we could talk about this policy perhaps as a war on noise or a war on antisocial behaviour or something like that.

因此，我們可以將這項政策視為對噪音的戰爭或對反社會行為的戰爭或類似的東西。

Yeah. OK, let's look at that again.

是的。 好吧，讓我們再看一下。

Let's have our next headline.

請看下一個標題。

This is from the Metro:

這篇來自《Metro》：

Milan wants to ban gelato, pizza and other Italian favourites (sort of)

米蘭想要禁止冰淇淋、披薩和其他義大利美食（某種程度上）

OK, so this headline is saying the same thing again.

好吧，這個標題又在說同樣的事情。

It's all about banning that food in Milan.

都是關於在米蘭禁止這種食物。

We are looking at sort of.

我們要看的是「某種程度上」這個用法。

I use this expression all the time, Phil.

我常常用這個表達方式，Phil。

Why do we use it?

我們為什麼用他？

OK, well, here we're using sort of to describe something that is like something else.

這裡我們用「sort of」來描述與其他事物相似的事物。

So we're saying this is like a ban.

所以我們說這就像一個禁令。

It's not really a ban.

並不真的是一個禁令。

It's only after a certain time.

只有特定時間後。

Yes, and something interesting about the pronunciation, it's written in the headline sort of, but when we pronounce it in spoken English, we say sorta or sort of.

是的，關於發音的一些有趣的事情，它寫在標題中，但是當我們用英語口語發音時，我們說 sorta 或 sort of。

Are there any other alternatives?

還有其他替代說法嗎？

Well, kind of means the same, and that's often kinda or kind of.

嗯，kind of 意思是一樣的，而且通常會說 kinda 或 kind of。

Both of these expressions are very common in English as fillers, which are the words that we say when we're trying to think of the next word.

這兩種表達方式在英語中都非常常見，用作填充詞，也就是我們在嘗試思考下一個單字時所說的單字。

So often we'll sort of put another kind of word in the sort of gap.

我們常常會在這種間隙中放入另一個字。

Isn't that what it is? - Yeah, yeah.

難道不是這樣嗎？ - 是啊是啊。

I think you've kind of explained that quite well, but I think we should sort of just go and get ice cream now.

我認為你已經解釋得很好了，但我認為我們現在應該去買冰淇淋。

What do you think?

你覺得呢？

Actually, I think it'd be better if we kind of looked at that again.

事實上，我認為如果我們再看一下這個標題會更好。

Oh yeah, OK.

對，好的。

Let's look at that again.

再來看一次。

We've had poised--ready for action.

我們學習了「準備」：做好了行動的準備。

Declares war on--tries to defeat.

宣戰：試圖打敗。

And sort of--in a way, kind of.

某種程度上：某種程度上。

If you want to know more about food and drink, just click here to watch more programmes.

如果你想了解更多美食美酒，請點擊這裡觀看更多節目。

And don't forget to click here to subscribe to our channel so you never miss another episode.

不要忘記點擊此處訂閱我們的頻道，這樣你就不會錯過任何一集。

Thanks for joining us.

感謝參與。

Bye.

掰。

Bye.

掰。