This is News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

這是 BBC 的新聞回顧學習英語節目，我是尼爾。

And I'm Beth. Watch to the end to learn the vocabulary you need to talk about this news story.

我是貝絲。觀看到最後，了解談論此新聞報導所需的詞彙。

And subscribe to our channel to help you understand English used in the news.

訂閱我們的頻道，幫助你理解新聞中使用的英語。

Now, the story.

現在，開始了。

It's now a month since the Israel-Gaza war broke out.

以色列-加薩戰爭爆發至今已有一個月。

Israel began bombing Gaza after Hamas killed 1,400 people and kidnapped more than 200 others on 7 October.

10 月 7 日，哈馬斯殺害 1,400 人並綁架 200 多人後，以色列開始轟炸加薩。

More than ten thousand Palestinians in Gaza have been killed by air and artillery strikes carried out by the Israeli military in response.

作為回應，以色列軍隊發動空襲和砲擊，造成加薩一萬多名巴勒斯坦人死亡。

You've been looking at the headlines, Beth. What's the vocabulary that can help people understand this story in English?

你一直在看頭條新聞，貝絲，有什麼詞彙可以幫助人們用英語理解這個故事？

We are looking at ceasefire, humanitarian corridor and escalate.

我們要學習停火、人道主義走廊和升級。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

新聞回顧來自 BBC Learning English。

Let's look at our first headline.

讓我們來看看第一個標題。

This is from Sky News: Israel-Hamas war: Benjamin Netanyahu speaks about potential for ceasefire

本文來自《 Sky News》：以色列-哈馬斯戰爭：本雅明-內塔尼亞胡談到停火的可能性。

We're looking at the word ceasefire, which means a temporary stop or pause during fighting during a war.

我們現在看到的是停火一詞，它的意思是暫時停止或暫停戰爭期間的戰鬥。

Now, we can understand this word better if we break it into two parts.

現在，如果我們把這個詞抽成兩個部分，就能更好地理解它了。

We can, yeah. So, the first part is cease, which means stop. This is quite a formal word.

沒錯。所以，第一部分是 cease，意思是停止。這是很正式的一個詞。

We don't really use it in everyday English.

我們在日常英語中並不會使用它。

The second part of ceasefire is fire.

第二部分是火。

Yeah. So, fire here is a term connected to the military and it means fight with weapons.

是的，所以，"火 "是一個與軍事有關的術語意思是用武器戰鬥。

So, according to this headline, the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has spoken about stopping fighting, a potential ceasefire, in the Israel-Gaza war.

因此，根據此標題，以色列總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡談到了以色列-加沙戰爭中的停止戰鬥，即可能的停火。

Now, in the news, we often hear the word ceasefire with the verbs hold and fail.

新聞報道我們經常聽到停火一詞與 hold 和 fail 兩個動詞連用。

If a ceasefire is holding, it means that the agreement to stop fighting is successful.

如果停火得以維持，就意味著停止戰鬥的協議是成功的。

But if a ceasefire is failing, it means the fighting is continuing despite this agreement to stop fighting – this ceasefire.

但如果停火失敗，就意味著儘管達成了停火協議，但戰鬥仍在繼續。

OK, let's look at that again.

好吧，讓我們再看一遍。

Let's have our next headline.

我們來看看下一個標題。

This is from the International Business Times:

本文來自《國際商業時報》。

Israel-Hamas conflict: Israel shuts down reopened humanitarian corridor for evacuations amid Hamas shelling

以色列與哈馬斯衝突：以色列在哈馬斯砲擊中關閉了重新開放的人道主義疏散走廊

We are looking at this expression, humanitarian corridor.

我們要看「人道主義走廊」這一說法。

The first part, humanitarian, contains that word human and so it is about humans and looking after humans.

首先，人道主義包含了「人類 」一詞，所以他是關於人類和照顧人類。

Corridor is a place, for example in a building like an office or a school, where you can walk from one place to another.

走廊是一個地方，例如在辦公室或學校等建築中，你可以從一個地方走到另一個地方。

That's right. So a humanitarian corridor is a safe area where people can move from a dangerous place to safety.

這是正確的。 因此，人道主義走廊是一個安全區域，人們可以從危險的地方轉移到安全的地方。

And this headline is saying that Israel has closed a humanitarian corridor that was previously open.

這個標題說以色列關閉了一條之前是開放的人道主義走廊。

Now, this idea, this concept of the humanitarian corridor is very common in conflict and war and so you will read it and hear it and see it in news headlines.

現在，這個想法，這個人道主義走廊的概念在衝突和戰爭中非常普遍，所以你會讀到它、聽到它並在新聞頭條中看到它。

And one more thing to note is that humanitarian corridors are not only used to allow people to move, but also to let aid and emergency services in and out of areas.

還需要注意的一件事是，人道走廊不僅用於允許人員流動，還用於讓援助和緊急服務進出地區。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一遍。

Let's have our next headline.

我們來看看下一個標題。

This is from BBC Newsnight:

這是英國廣播公司《新聞之夜》的報導：

How could the conflict escalate?

衝突如何升級？

We are looking at the verb escalate, which means to go up or increase.

我們看的是動詞 escalate，意思是上升或增加。

You might know that thing in a shopping centre, the moving stairs that take you from one level to another. That's an escalator.

你可能知道購物中心裡的那個東西、從一層到另一層的移動樓梯，那是手扶梯。

But this verb escalate here is used in the context of war.

但這個動詞升級這裡是在戰爭背景下使用的。

It is, and escalate means to become more serious or more intense.

它是，升級意味著成為更嚴重或更強烈。

So this headline is asking about how the conflict might change as more time passes.

所以這個標題是在問隨著時間的推移，衝突會發生怎樣的變化。

Now there's a lot of war and conflict in the world and so, therefore, you will see this word escalate used often in news reports.

現在世界上有很多戰爭和衝突，你會在新聞報導中經常看到升級這個詞。

But you will also see the opposite word which is de-escalate.

但你也會看到一個相反的詞，那就是「降級」。

That's right. De-escalate means the size or level of violence becomes smaller rather than bigger, and you'll notice that it has this prefix de- at the beginning.

這就對了。降級的意思是規模或級別你會發現，暴力的程度會變小，而不是變大。

That prefix is often used to mean the negative or the opposite of something.

開頭的前綴是 de-。這個前綴通常用來表示負面或相反的東西。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一遍。

We've had ceasefire – a pause in fighting.

我們學習了停火：戰鬥暫停。

Humanitarian corridor – a safe space for movement of people and aid.

人道走廊：人員流動和援助的安全空間。

And escalate – become more intense and serious.

升級：變得更加激烈和嚴重。

If you're interested in learning more language about conflict, we have other programmes that might interest you.

如果你有興趣瞭解更多有關衝突的語言、我們還有您可能感興趣的其他計劃。

Thank you for joining us and goodbye. - Bye.

感謝你的參與，再見。- 再見。