For millions of us that used to mean heading to the office until the pandemic hit, forcing those who could to work from home.

對數百萬人來說，過去意味著前往辦公室，直到新冠疫情爆發，迫使那些可以在家工作的人選擇在家工作。

As David Pogue shows us, it's an option many workers continue to embrace, even demand.

正如David Pogue向我們展示的，這是許多人繼續接受甚至要求的選擇。

Until the pandemic, most office workers went into the office five days a week.

直到新冠疫情爆發，大多數辦公室工作人員每週進入辦公室五天。

Furing the pandemic, they mostly worked from home so as the pandemic eased, you might have expected that they'd go back to the office 5 days a week .

在疫情期間，他們大多數時間都在家工作，因此隨著疫情的緩解，你可能會期望他們回到辦公室工作五天。

That's certainly what Jamie Dimond expected. He's the CEO of America's largest bank.

這確實是 Jamie Dimond 的期望。 他是美國最大銀行的執行長。

We want people back at work and my view is sometime September, October, it'll look just like it did before.

我們希望大家回到工作崗位，我認為在九月或十月的某個時候，會回到像以前一樣。

As it turns out, the workers rushed back to the office full time never happened.  

事實證明，員工全部返回辦公室的情況從未發生。

What they really like, most people, is working from home two or three days a week because that saves on the commute time,

他們真正喜歡的是在家工作兩到三天，因為這可以節省通勤時間，

it gives them more time with kids and family; it gives them more personal autonomy and how they organize their day.

讓他們有更多時間與孩子和家人在一起；這賦予了他們在組織一天中個人自主權，

Even things as small as I can have the temperature at the temperature I like.

甚至包括像我可以將溫度調到我喜歡的溫度這麼小的事情。

Steven Davis is a senior fellow at the Hoover institution at Stanford.  

Steven Davis是史丹佛大學胡佛研究所的資深研究員。

He and his co-authors surveyed 30,000 Americans about work and what they said is hybrid hits the sweet spot.  

他和他的合著者對三萬名美國人進行了有關工作的調查，他們說混合工作模式正好符合預期。

Most people really, really like it so that kind of broke the norm.

大多數人真的非常喜歡，因此這打破了常規。

Of course, not all kinds of workers can work remotely even so, at this point, about a third of Americans are working on a hybrid schedule and that number is expected to grow as more employers go hybrid.

當然，並非所有類型的工人都能遠距工作，即使在這個時候，大約有三分之一的美國人正在採取混合工作模式，隨著更多雇主採用混合工作模式，這一數字預計將增長。

We believe that the future of work is hybrid for sure and that's going to be the modern work style.

我們相信未來的工作肯定是混合的，這將成為現代的工作方式。

Kelly Steckelberg is the Chief Financial Officer of Zoom.

Kelly Steckelberg是Zoom的財務長。

Yes, that Zoom, the company whose video chat software helped make remote working a thing in the first place.

是的，就是那個Zoom，這家公司的視訊聊天軟體幫助遠距工作首次成為可能。

The company now expects its own local workers to come  into the office two days a week.

該公司現在希望其當地員工每週在辦公室工作兩天。

So we have product engineering for example comes on Mondays and Wednesdays.

所以例如我們的產品工程師，星期一和星期三會來辦公室。

Sales and marketing come on Tuesdays and Thursdays because we don't have enough space any longer to host everyone at the same time.

銷售和行銷則在星期二和星期四辦公，因為我們不再有足夠的空間同時容納所有人。

Oh, so you are in effect saving money on office space.

哦，所以你們在辦公空間上省錢。

We are saving money, we have actually downsized our space during the pandemic.

我們正在節省金錢，事實上我們在疫情期間縮減了空間。

We closed some of our offices.

我們關閉了一些辦公室。

Bringing the company's workers back after the pandemic, even two days a week was an adjustment at first.

在疫情之後，即使每週工作兩天，也需要一段時間來適應公司員工的回歸。

We're all human, right? We don't like change.

我們都是人，對吧？我們不喜歡改變。

Once they've been doing it for a few week, they remember how great it is to see their friends and colleagues in the office and and they like it more

一旦他們這樣做了幾週，他們就會記得在辦公室見到他們的朋友和同事是多麼美好，他們更喜歡這樣。

Of course, less time in the office means less time for new hires to learn the company culture and less time to mentor younger workers.

當然，在辦公室的時間越少，代表新進員工學習公司文化的時間就越少，指導年輕員工的時間就越少。

You have to be a little bit more deliberate about that, then that's what we had to do during the pandemic.

你必須對此更加深思熟慮，這就是我們在疫情期間必須做的。

I would just schedule a 15-minute like catch-up, "Hey, how are you? How is your life going?"

我會安排一個 15 分鐘的聊聊，說：「嘿，你好嗎？你的生活怎麼樣？」

Those I make sure that I continue to schedule those video check-ins on a regular basis.

我確保繼續定期安排這些視訊會議。

So if hybrid work is so great how come we weren't using it before?

如果混合工作模式如此出色，為什麼我們以前沒有執行？

One big reason: technology.

一大原因：技術。

Video programs like Zoom; messaging programs like Slack and collaboration tools like Google Docs.

Zoom 等視訊程式； Slack 等訊息傳遞程式和 Google Docs 等協作工具。

If the pandemic had struck 20 years earlier it would have been infeasible to have the same kind of shift to work from home.

如果疫情早在 20 年前爆發，就不可能以同樣的方式在家工作。

Wow, I mean there aren't many things to be grateful for with the pandemic but that it waited and 2020 that's that's one of them.   

我的意思是，對於這場疫情，沒有太多值得慶幸的事情，但它等到了2020年，這就是其中之一。

That's one of them.

這就是其中之一。

Before the pandemic there was also a stigma about working from home. How could bosses know that their workers weren't just goofing off?

在疫情之前，在家工作也存在著污名。 老闆們怎麼知道他們的員工不是在偷懶呢？

The boss can't observe what the workers are doing. To what degree are managers installing monitoring software on their remote workers machines?  

老闆無法觀察工人在做什麼。 管理者在遠端工作人員的機器上安裝監控軟體的程度如何？

Most workers dislike the intrusive quality that I every key stroke and where I'm looking on my computer screen and how often I'm sitting down is being monitored.

大多數員工不喜歡每一次敲按鍵、我在電腦螢幕上看到的和我坐下來的頻率都被監控的侵入性質。

They dislike that. - They dislike that, yes.

他們不喜歡。- 對，他們不喜歡。

So what works better is evaluating people on their performance, rather than trying to watch exactly what they do.

因此，更好的方法是評估員工的表現，而不是試圖準確地觀察他們做了什麼。

So this was something that we developed over the last two years.

這是我們過去兩年開發的東西。

At Zoom headquarters, workspace executive Alana Collins showed me some of Zoom's new products for hybrid work.

在 Zoom 總部，工作空間主管 Alana Collins 向我展示了 Zoom 的一些混合工作的新產品。

There's an off-site receptionist who can cover multiple floors or even buildings.  

有一名場外接待員可以覆蓋多個樓層甚至建築物。

Are you the building wide receptionist?

你是大樓的接待員嗎？

I am. How can I help you?

我是。需要什麼幫忙嗎？

Oh, I'm expecting a huge crate of Skittles. Can you arrange to have that delivered to my desk?

哦，我在等一大箱彩虹糖。 你能安排把它送到我的辦公桌上嗎？

I absolutely can. - Thank you, love your work.

當然可以。- 謝謝你，享受你的工作。

And there's a system for reserving a desk on the days you come to work or a conference room.   

還有一個系統可以在你上班當天預訂辦公桌或會議室。

Yeah, that's my kind of meeting. Two people, all right.

是的，這就是我喜歡的會議。 兩個人，好。

You could select the time right here. - Oh, okay.

你可以在這裡選時間。- 喔，好。

Oh, yeah, oh, no. I I believe in long meetings.

哦，不，我相信會議會很久。

And this will immediately change to red, letting everybody know that I have that meeting room all day.

它會立即變成紅色，讓每個人都知道我整天都在那個會議室裡。

But hybrid doesn't always mean two days a week. There are many flavors of hybrid work.

但混合並不總是意味著每週兩天進公司上班。 混合工作有多種風格。

We identify 22 weeks a year and we say we would like folks to try to be in person those weeks.

我們確定一年有 22 個星期，我們希望人們在這幾週盡量親自進到公司。

It's 3 days a week but only every other week, kind of?

每週 3 天，但每隔一週才進行一次，是嗎？

Generally, we would like them to be in person a minimum of about 25%.

一般來說，我們希望他們進公司的比例至少約為 25%。

At the Ohio headquarters of Smuckers, the company famous for jams and jellies, CEO Mark Smucker has developed a hybrid version of hybrid.  

在以果醬和果凍聞名的 Smuckers 公司的俄亥俄州總部，執行長 Mark Smucker 開發了混合工作模式。

Attrition is down and our productivity has improved and folks really seem to like it.

員工流動率下降了，我們的生產力也提高了，大家似乎真的很喜歡這個工作模式。

We have been able to retract new talent from multiple geographies.

我們已經能夠從多個地區撤回新人才。

Geographies like San Francisco.

像舊金山這樣的地理區域。

I have my dream job, it's based in Ohio, working with people that I really like working with but I'm I have my dream life and you know my family in California.

我有我夢想的工作，它位於俄亥俄州，與我真正喜歡的人一起工作，但我有我夢想的生活，你知道我在加州的家人。

Smucker's marketing executive, Nicole Massey, works from her West Coast home most days but spends 6 days a month in Ohio.

Smucker 的行銷主管 Nicole Massey 大部分時間都在西海岸的家中工作，但每個月有 6 天在俄亥俄州度過。

You have to really think about what am I going to do this week when I'm in the office or versus what am I going to do when I'm remote,

你必須認真考慮這週我在辦公室時要做什麼，或者當我在遠端時我要做什麼，

because in order to get the best of both, you have to you have to be intentional about it .

因為為了充分利用兩者，你必須有意識地對待它。

So let's see. The hybrid employer gets improved morale, better productivity, lower real estate costs and the ability to hire from beyond the local area.

那麼讓我們來看看。 採取混合工作模式的雇主的士氣更高，生產力更高，房地產成本更低，並且能夠從當地以外地區招募員工。

The hybrid employee gets more time with family and community, less time commuting and the ability to control the thermostat.   

混合工作模式的員工有更多的時間與家人和社群在一起，減少通勤時間，並且能夠控制恆溫器。

And the planet gets cleaner air because less time commuting means less polluting.

地球的空氣變得更清新，因為通勤時間減少，意味著汙染減少。

This is starting to sound like a win-win for all parties. I mean who loses in the hybrid arrangement?

這聽起來對各方來說都是雙贏的。 我的意思是，在混合工作模式中誰會失敗？

Oh there are some losers. If you go to downtown San Francisco, you'll see you'll see the losers.

確實有一些失敗者。 如果你去舊金山市中心，你會發現你會看到。

It's true. In the top 10 US cities, office attendance is about half of what it was before the pandemic.

這是真的。 在美國排名前十的城市中，辦公室出席率約為疫情前的一半。

With so few people coming downtown, everything is collapsing. The price of real estate, tax revenues and transit ridership.

由於很少有人來到市中心，一切都在崩塌。 房地產價格、稅收收入和交通乘客量。

And think about all the restaurants bars and hotels, many have shifted schedules or even closed.

想想所有的餐廳、酒吧和酒店，許多都改變了營業時間，甚至關門了。

The last time America's work life shifted so dramatically was during the Great Depression when Franklin Roosevelt signed the 40-hour work week into law.

上一次美國工作生活發生如此巨大的變化是在大蕭條時期，當時富蘭克林羅斯福簽署了每週 40 小時工作制的法律。

Now, after the upheaval of the pandemic, Stanford Steven Davis is confident that the 5-day in-person work week is history.

現在，在經歷了疫情的劇變之後，史丹佛大學史蒂文·戴維斯相信，每週 5 天的面對面工作已經成為歷史。

I think we're close to the new normal. There's more choice for people now and that's why I think it's a good thing.

我認為我們已經接近新常態了。 現在人們有更多的選擇，這就是為什麼我認為這是一件好事。

People have more flexibility, more personal autonomy in how they want to organize their lives.

人們在如何組織自己的生活方面擁有更大的靈活性和更多的個人自主權。