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  • Reading and listening are both powerful ways to learn a language.

  • They are also powerful goals of learning a language.

  • We want to read, we want to understand what we hear.

  • We want to understand movies.

  • And yet the fact of reading in the language and listening in the

  • language helps us learn the language.

  • But then the question always comes up, should we read first or listen first?

  • Or people say, I don't understand anything.

  • How can I listen?

  • I don't know any words.

  • How can I read?

  • How do I get started?

  • So I want to talk today about the strategies that I use.

  • For reading and listening and when it's important to read first, when

  • it's important to listen first.

  • First of all, reading, and it's a tremendous cognitive feat for

  • the brain to be able to read.

  • So the idea that we can convert the writing lines on a page

  • into meaning is pretty amazing.

  • What's also interesting, and this was pointed out recently in a

  • short video that I saw by Andrew Huberman, but it's something that

  • I have experienced myself and that is, when we read, we sub vocalize.

  • We actually voice what we're reading.

  • If one were to put an amplifier to measure the firing of those muscles

  • in our vocal cords, we'd find that as we're reading information, we are

  • actually speaking that information.

  • That's not the same as speaking.

  • Speaking means creating sentences, thoughts, utterances, where we

  • are drawing on our ability in the language, our memory of the

  • language, our model of the language.

  • That's speaking.

  • Simply reading out loud or sub vocalizing actually is not speaking.

  • But it's a very good way to move you in the direction of being able to speak.

  • So if reading is connected to sub vocalizing, and we also know that

  • essentially the same parts of the brain are involved in reading or listening, if

  • we're going to read and we're going to sub vocalize, we have to know what those

  • words or how they are pronounced, to some extent, even if we pronounce them poorly.

  • So that would suggest that we should begin by listening so that

  • we get a sense of how the words are pronounced so that we can then

  • effectively sub vocalize while reading.

  • In simple terms, I would divide my sort of strategy or approach to

  • listening and reading and the order in which I do them into three stages.

  • So the absolute beginner stage, call it A1 to A2 stage, then the sort of

  • intermediate stage, which is B1 really.

  • 'Cause once you're at B2, you're kind of launched.

  • And then once I'm at B2 or beyond, what is my strategy?

  • At the very beginning, I look at a sentence of Finnish, as you will see.

  • I see words.

  • If these words are written in the Latin alphabet or an alphabet that I'm

  • familiar with, I can kind of pronounce it, but as you'll see in Finnish,

  • I can't really pronounce it the way it's pronounced in Finnish, but I

  • can kind of make an effort to do so.

  • So therefore, as a beginner, I would, first of all, go at

  • this text in sentence view.

  • So one sentence at a time, and then I would listen to that sentence...

  • and then I would try to read that sentence ... so the order would be listen

  • first, then read, but very soon, again, dealing with one sentence at a time, I

  • would try to force myself to read first and then listen, because we can get lazy.

  • If I listen to it, then I'm not trying hard enough to vocalize those sounds.

  • So I would typically say, if I'm doing the mini stories, maybe after many story two

  • or three, I would try to make an attempt at pronouncing the sentence in Finnish

  • because I can read the Latin alphabet.

  • Then I would listen to it and then I would say it again.

  • And so this is building up my capability to sub vocalize so that I can read

  • more and more difficult material.

  • Remember that all of the skills that we develop through whatever practices

  • we engage in, we're gradually building up our ability in the language.

  • It's very similar to what happens in AI.

  • Exposure to a lot of different contexts

  • it's going to help us almost predict what's coming at us and being able to

  • predict is also both in the case of artificial intelligence and in the case

  • of learning a language is an important part of us getting a sense, sort of

  • a model of what that language is.

  • So that's at the beginner stage.

  • One sentence at a time, starting off listening first, then read,

  • then listen, then read again.

  • The next stage, and by the way, this idea of having a reading and

  • listening strategy that depends on the stage you are in the language, I

  • think is a good thing to try to do.

  • But the point there is that whether we're reading or listening, we are

  • in fact kind of doing the same thing.

  • And the two learning activities and the two goals of our learning

  • very much work hand in hand.

  • If we look now at the intermediate stage, obviously it's easier to listen first.

  • I get up in the morning, the easiest thing for me to do is to listen to something.

  • So I'll go grab a podcast, let's say in Farsi.

  • While I'm listening to that, there is quite a bit there that I didn't

  • understand or that I'm kind of familiar with the words, but I'm

  • not entirely sure what they mean.

  • So that then triggers my curiosity to go and read that transcript,

  • which I can now do automatically in LingQ using our Whisper AI.

  • So in that situation where I'm B1 and a half in Persian, I tend to listen

  • and then later on, I'll go in and read.

  • Also, this issue of intensive reading versus extensive reading.

  • Intensive reading, you're looking up every word, you're going

  • over the sentence a few times.

  • Extensive reading, you're just reading.

  • And the same applies to listening.

  • I have found that at the beginning stage for me, it's not possible to just, you

  • know, go straight into extensive reading, not looking anything up, just listening.

  • I can't do it.

  • I have to have a certain level of vocabulary, a certain level of

  • familiarity to be able to move to more extensive reading and listening,

  • no longer in sentence mode perhaps, certainly not repeating what I'm

  • reading or listening, and maybe I don't even have to read what I listen to.

  • I can read over here and listen over here, and all the while I'm building

  • up my capability in the language.

  • So, the further we are along in the language, the more we have a tendency

  • to not repeat, to not go back and it's better for us not to repeat.

  • I just wanted to talk a little bit about, because the question always comes

  • up, do you listen first or read first?

  • And I think this very much depends on your level in the language, where you

  • are in the language, what you like to do.

  • It's in your interest, I think, to develop a taste for both listening and reading,

  • because the greater the variety of paths, of formats that we use, the better for us.

  • Makes things more interesting, and I think we learn better that way.

Reading and listening are both powerful ways to learn a language.

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A2 初級 美國腔

透過此策略提升您的閱讀和聽力技能(Improve Your Reading and Listening Skills With This Strategy)

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    Joy Hsu 發佈於 2023 年 10 月 21 日
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