It can happen any time.

這可能在任何時候發生。

Millions of fires are reported across the world every year.

每年世界各地都會通報數百萬起火災。

In the United States alone, a house fire breaks out roughly every minute on average.

僅在美國，平均每分鐘就會發生約一起住宅火災。

But life-saving decisions are made within seconds.

但通常在幾秒內就得做出救生決策。

So how can you buy yourself more time?

那麼該如何為自己爭取更多時間呢？

Do you know all your options?

你了解所有的選擇嗎？

If you don't have a plan, then get out a pen.

如果你沒有計畫的話，就拿出一支筆記下來吧。

Here's how to survive a fire, according to science.

以下是根據科學的觀點來在火災中生存下來的方法。

The main causes of house fires are all preventable.

住宅火災的主要原因都是可以預防的。

For the most part, we're simply not paying attention.

大部分時候，我們只是沒有注意。

We're either distracted or we're just not being careful;

要麼我們分心了，要麼我們只是不夠小心；

an unattended stove, a lit cigarette, a faulty appliance.

無人看管的爐子，點著的香煙，故障的電器。

We've all had a few close calls burned into our memory, never to be repeated.

我們都經歷過一些讓我們銘記在心的幾次近乎災難的經歷，永不重複同樣的錯誤。

But have you really learned your lesson?

但你真的學到教訓了嗎？

Fires are unpredictable but your survival doesn't have to be.

火災難以預測，但你的生存卻可以有所準備。

Be prepared.

做好準備。

There's stress, there's confusion, there's a lot of heat, but no matter what, you've got to stay cool.

在火災中可能會有壓力、混亂和高溫，但無論如何，你都必須保持冷靜。

And the best way to do that is knowing what to do.

而做到這一點的最佳方法就是知道該怎麼做。

Plan a few escape routes and get familiar with them.

計劃幾條逃生路線，並熟悉它們。

It's always nice to have a few options that can get you out calmly, quickly and safely.

擁有幾個可以讓你平靜、快速且安全地逃出的選擇總是不錯的。

Cover your nose and mouth.

掩住口鼻。

Your room or your home will start filling up with smoke very quickly.

你的房間或你的家將很快充滿煙霧。

And chances are you're going to have to pass through it in order to get out.

而且很有可能你將不得不穿越煙霧才能逃出。

Breathing in too much smoke can cause you to pass out.

吸入過多的煙霧可能會使你昏迷。

But you can fight back by wetting a cloth and holding it over your nose and mouth.

但你可以弄濕一塊布，將它放在鼻子和嘴巴上，以對抗煙霧。

Stay low to the ground.

保持身體靠近地面。

Covering your nose and mouth might only buy you a few extra minutes.

遮住鼻子和嘴巴可能只能為你爭取幾分鐘的時間。

But in life and death, every second counts.

但生死攸關，分秒必爭。

And while smoke may be a greater threat than the fire itself, it also rises.

雖然煙霧的威脅可能比火災本身更大，但它也會上升。

So on top of protecting your nose and mouth, you can improve your chances by getting on your hands and knees and crawling your way towards an exit.

所以在保護口鼻的同時，你可以趴在地上，用手和膝蓋爬向出口，這樣可以提高你的逃生機會。

Check every door.

檢查每一扇門。

In a house fire, a closed door can either save you or stop you in your tracks.

在房屋著火時，一扇緊閉的門可以救你，也可以讓你止步不前。

As you pass from one room to another, remember to close doors behind you to help prevent the fire from spreading any faster.

當你從一個房間通過到另一個時，記得關上門，以幫助防止火勢蔓延得更快。

Fires need oxygen to survive, so by closing doors, you're cutting off the free flow of oxygen between rooms.

火需要氧氣才能燃燒，因此關閉門可以切斷房間之間氧氣的自由流動。

By the same token, be careful when you open doors ahead of you.

同樣地，當你打開前面的門時要小心。

Look for any smoke that might be coming through the cracks and feel the door itself for heat.

尋找可能從門縫中冒出的煙霧，並感受門本身是否有熱度。

You don't want to open it if there's a fire raging on the other side.

如果另一邊有火在肆虐，你不會想打開門的。

If the door feels okay, then open it just to crack to make sure.

如果門感覺沒問題，那麼輕輕打開一點點以確保安全。

If the room's clear. Move ahead but stay alert.

如果房間裡沒有煙霧或火勢，繼續前進，但保持警覺。

Stop, drop and roll.

停下來，趴下，滾動。

It's the moment you've been waiting for.

這是你等待已久的時刻。

Yes.

沒錯。

Firefighters still stand by this mantra.

消防隊員仍然遵循這個口號。

If your clothes ever catch fire, rolling back and forth will smother the flames so you can get back on track.

如果你的衣服著火，來回滾動可以抑制火焰，使你能夠恢復正常。

And finally, once you're out, stay out.

最後，當你逃出來了，請留在外面。

You escape your burning home and reach a safe distance away when, oh no, your passport, your cat, your family photos, your priceless stamp collection.

你成功逃出燃燒的家，並達到安全的距離，但哦，糟糕，你的護照、貓咪、家庭照片、無價的郵票收藏品......

Whatever it is, don't go back inside for anything.

不管是什麼，不要再進去了。

You were lucky to get out safely.

你很幸運能逃出來。

You might not be so lucky a second time.

但第二次可能就不會那麼幸運了。

Put your safety first and leave the rest to the professionals.

把你的安全擺在第一位，剩下的交給專業的處理。

Of course, all fires are unique and there's no guarantee that they'll play out in the way we just outlined.

當然，所有火災都是獨一無二的，並不能保證它們會按照我們剛才概述的方式發生。

So if you're still in doubt, refer back to step one - be prepared.

因此，如果你仍然有疑問，請返回第一步 - 做好準備。

Test your smoke alarms regularly, invest in a few fire extinguishers and get some rope ladders for the upper levels of your home.

定期測試煙霧警報器，購買一些滅火器，並為你家的上層準備一些繩梯。

And if you're ever in a situation where you're really trapped,

如果你真的陷入了困境，

a good tip is to block as much smoke as possible from getting into your room and then hanging some kind of visible fabric like a towel or bed sheet from your window.

一個好的建議是盡可能阻止煙霧進入你的房間，然後在窗戶上懸掛一些可見的織物，例如毛巾或床單。

This will signal your location to the firefighters and they'll be able to save you much faster.

這將向消防員發出你的位置信號，他們將能夠更快地拯救你。

So how do you feel now?

你覺得如何？

A little safer?

比較有安全感一點嗎？

If you know an aspiring chef or an absent-minded professor, show them this video, they'll thank you later.

如果你認識一位有抱負的廚師或心不在焉的教授，請向他們展示此影片，他們之後會感謝你的。

And for answers to all your other burning questions, stay tuned for more according to science.

要了解所有其他緊迫問題的答案，請繼續關注更多科學基礎。