If you're in the UK and you publish a book, magazine, or newspaper, then by law you have to send a copy here.

如果你在英國出版書籍雜誌或報紙，那麼根據法律規定，你必須向這裡寄送一份副本。

A lot of countries around the world have similar laws and similar libraries.

世界上很多國家都有類似的法律和類似的圖書館。

The rules for what must be sent here were pretty simple to understand...

必須將副本送來這裡的原因相當容易理解...

until the end of the 20th century, when the web came along, and suddenly, books and publishing weren't quite as easy to define.

直到 20 世紀末，網絡出現後，圖書和出版突然不再那樣容易定義了。

In the print world, we collect everything.

在印刷世界，我們收集一切。

So anything you can imagine, whether that is an NHS information leaflet, local magazine, or the most expensive journal that you can imagine.

你能想象到的任何東西，無論是國家醫療服務體系的資訊傳單、地方雜誌，還是你能想象到的最昂貴的期刊，

Or those beautiful art books that cost thousands of pounds.

所有那些花費數千英鎊的精美藝術書籍，

Those kids' magazines that you see on the shelves in Tesco's with the plastic toys on. We collect all of those. It's everything.

那些你在樂購貨架上看到的印有塑料玩具的兒童雜誌，我們都有收。什麼都有。

Down in the basement here, there's obviously a huge amount of storage. But it's not enough.

在地下室，這裡有非常大量的儲藏空間，但還遠遠不夠。

And here in London, land is expensive and construction is difficult.

而在倫敦，地價昂貴，施工困難。

So while there are millions of books stored here, they're only the ones that are the most requested.

所以雖然這裡存儲了數百萬冊圖書，但只存放需求量最大的圖書。

The rest of them are with the robots up north.

其餘的都跟機器人在北方。

The library collection in total is around 170 million items.

圖書館總藏書量約為 1.7 億冊。

The vast majority of that is "legal deposit".

其中絕大部分是法定押金，

Often publishers know legal deposit and will send them in.

通常是出版商，沒有法定押金，我們會把它們送進去。

More of a challenge can be very small publishers, or people who don't necessarily think of themselves as publishers.

挑戰更大的可能是規模很小的出版商或不一定把自己當作出版商的人。

So we put a lot of effort into reaching out to authors, creators who self publish, all those kinds of organisations to say that the work is really important to be saved and preserved.

所以我們花了很多精力去聯繫作者、自行出版的創作者以及所有這些類型的組織，告訴他們這些作品真的很重要，應該被完整地保存下來。

In total, there are more than 700km of shelves, and most of them are stacked up here, in one of the colossal low-oxygen storage buildings in Boston Spa in Yorkshire.

總共，這裡有 700 多公里長的貨架，其中大部分都堆放在約克郡波士頓溫泉的一座巨大的低氧倉庫中。

I was not allowed to attach a camera to one of these robots, they are far too important.

我不能在這些機器人上安裝照相機。它們太重要了。

The library's using up those shelves at about 8km per year, so they've just started construction on their next storage building, which should be good for a few decades.

圖書館每年要用掉這些書架約八公里，所以，他們剛剛開始建造下一個儲藏室，應該可以使用幾十年。

Lots of the stuff that gets sent out free tends to be ephemera, and it will be lost over time.

很多免費寄出的東西往往是一次性的，時間一長就會丟失。

A great example is a recent exhibition up in the National Library of Scotland, all about the information that was provided at the very beginning of the AIDS epidemic.

一個很好的例子是最近在蘇格蘭國家圖書館舉辦的一場展覽，展示了艾滋病流行初期提供的所有信息。

That material, if you go out to somebody on the street and you ask them, "Should we be collecting this?"

這些資料，如果你走到街上問路人：「我們應該收集這些資料嗎？」

"No, of course we shouldn't."

「不，我們當然不應該這樣做。」

But we're able to learn so much from that.

但我們能從中學到很多東西。

We wouldn't have that exhibition if we hadn't collected that free material that came through people's letterboxes.

如果我們沒有收集從人們信箱中寄來的免費材料，我們就不會有這次展覽。

If someone in London wants a lesser-used book from these stacks, they need to give 48 hours' notice. It'll get picked out by these robots.

如果倫敦有人想要這些書庫中不常用的書，他們需要提前 48 小時通知。這些機器人將挑選出它。

They up to 50 kilometers an hour.

它們的時速可達 50 公里。

If you can hear wind rustling on my mic, it's because they shove air out the way as they travel through the stacks.

如果你能從我的麥克風裡聽到風的沙沙聲，那是因為它們在穿過堆棧時會把空氣擠出去，

And they automatically store items that are used more often close to the front.

而且它們會自動把使用頻率較高的物品存放在靠近前面的地方。

The books are then put in a truck south, to arrive in the reading rooms a couple of working days later.

然後，這些書籍被裝上卡車，幾個工作日後運往南方的閱覽室。

More than a thousand items go back and forth each day. But publication means something different now.

每天有超過 1000 個項目往返於此，但出版的意義卻不同了。

Not only are there books that are only being publishedas digital files, but there's the web.

不僅有僅以數位檔案形式出版的書籍，還有網際網路。

Legal deposit has expanded to include publishing on the web, as long as we can identify that as being within the UK.

法定存放的範圍已擴大，包括在網際網路上的出版，只要我們能夠確定它是在英國範圍內的。

So if someone's creating a blog, or creating their own website, we will try to collect that.

因此，如果有人創建博客或建立自己的網站，我們將試圖收集這些信息。

The UK Web Archive has actually become one of the largest parts of the collection.

英國網絡檔案實際上已成為藏品中最大的部分之一。

Billions of files, about one and a half petabytes of data!

數十億文件，約 1.5 PB 數據。

A digital newspaper, for example, is very different from a print newspaper.

數位報紙與印刷報紙截然不同。

So we have to make sure we collect both because the editorial intent of both is very different.

因此，我們必須確保同時收集，因為兩者的編輯意圖非常不同。

And in addition to that, there are emerging formats.

除此之外，還有新興的格式。

You can read books which change as you move the iPad around. You can read books that change depending on your location.

你可以閱讀在你移動 iPad 的過程中變化的書籍。你還可以閱讀根據你的位置而變化的書籍。

How do we capture that today, to make it available for researchers in 10 years', 50 years' time?

現在我們如何捕捉這些資訊，以便在 10 年、50 年後提供給研究人員使用？

So it's quite difficult to keep up with those changes.

所以要跟上這些變化是相當困難的。

I've used the British Library for research a lot of times.

我曾利用大英圖書館進行研究。

The books you request can't be borrowed and taken away.

很多時候，你申請的圖書無法借閱和帶走。

They have to stay with the researcher, at a desk inside one of the reading rooms, returned after they're done.

他們必須和研究員一起待在閱覽室內的一張桌子旁，閱覽結束後再物歸原位。

This is a library of last resort.

這是最後的求助之處的圖書館。

If you want to get a library card here, there will be a short interview about your research and why you can't just pull the books or material you want from your local or university library.

如果你想在這裡辦理借書證，你需要接受一個簡短的面試，瞭解你的研究內容，以及為什麼你無法從當地或大學圖書館直接借閱你想要的書籍或資料。

The importance of legal deposit not being selective, and being everything, is: we can't decide today what's going to be important in 50 years' time.

法定存放不選擇性，包羅萬象的重要性在於：我們今天無法決定 50 年後什麼是重要的。

We want everything, because we don't know what will be important.

我們什麼都想要收集，因為我們不知道什麼是重要的。

I cannot overstate just how useful it is to be able to track down things that never made it online, or to research out of print, forgotten books where there are no other copies available,

我無法過分強調追蹤那些從未上網的事物，或研究絕版、被遺忘的書籍，在這些書籍中沒有其他副本可用，

or to scan through every issue of an obscure local newspaper to track down one reference.

或者查閱一份鮮為人知的地方報紙的每一期以找到一個參考的便利性。

This is the raw text of history as it happened and someone has to keep it preserved for the future.

這是歷史發生時的原始文本，必須有人為未來保存下來。

How's that for timing?

時間算得怎麼樣？

[camera op] "That was brilliant. Fantastic."

[攝影師] 太棒了。太棒了。」

I wish I'd done that deliberately!

我真希望我是故意做到的。