lemons into sweetness? Well, you are in luck  cuz it actually exists! So today we're going  

甜味？如果有的話你有福了，因為它確實存在！所以今天我們要

to talk about Miracle Berry - a fruit that's  as miraculous as its name suggests! With PAA  

談談神秘果 - 一種如其名字所暗示的神秘果！ PAA

Hi, I am Shao Chieh Lo, welcome to what people  also ask, where I search something seemingly  

嗨，我是 Shao Chieh Lo，歡迎來到人們也問的問題，我在這裡搜索一些看似顯而易見的東西

obvious and share with you some of its PAA, aka  People Also Ask, which is a feature telling you  

並與您分享它的一些 PAA，又名 People Also Ask，這是一個告訴你

what other people are searching on Google that  relates to your query Today's query is “miracle  

其他人在谷歌上搜索什麼的 功能 與您的查詢相關的今天的查詢是“神秘果“

berry”. We will explore what it is and how  it works as well as some lesser-known fun  

我們將探索它是什麼、它是如何工作的，以及一些鮮為人知的有趣

facts about it. so What is a miracle berry? This  question can be answered by wikipedia's Synsepalum  

事實。那麼什麼是神秘果？ 這個問題可以通過 wikipedia 的 Synsepalum dulcificum

dulcificum entry and Encyclopedia Brittannica's  Miracle Fruit's entry. The Miracle Berry, also  

詞條和 Encyclopedia Brittannica 的 Miracle Fruit 詞條 來回答 。 神秘果

known as Synsepalum dulcificum, is a plant native  to tropical Africa. It belongs to the Sapotaceae  

也稱為 Synsepalum dulcificum，是一種原產於熱帶非洲的植物。它屬於番荔枝科，

family and is scientifically classified under  the kingdom Plantae, in the order Ericales. Its  

在科學上屬於植物界，杜鵑花目分類。它的

other common names include the miraculous berry,  Miracle Fruit, and sweet berry. The Miracle Berry  

其他通用名稱包括神秘果。

is renowned for its unique property of altering  the taste of sour foods to sweet. This is possible  

神秘果以其將酸味食物的味道變成甜味的獨特特性而聞名。

due to a glycoprotein molecule found in the berry  called miraculin, which binds to the tongue's  

漿果中被發現了一種叫做 神秘果蛋白（miraculin ）的糖蛋白分子，

taste buds when the fleshy part of the fruit is  eaten. At neutral pH, miraculin binds and blocks  

當吃果肉質部分時，它會與舌頭的味蕾結合。在中性 pH 值下，奇蹟蛋白結合併阻斷

the receptors, but when sour foods are consumed,  resulting in a lower pH, miraculin binds proteins  

受體，但當食用酸味食物時，導致 pH 值降低，奇蹟蛋白結合蛋白質

and activates the sweet receptors, leading to the  perception of a sweet taste. This taste-altering  

並激活甜味受體，從而導致甜味的感知。這種改變味道的

effect can last up to about 30 minutes until  the protein is washed away by saliva. However,  

效果可持續約 30 分鐘，直到蛋白質被唾液沖走。然而，

it's worth noting that the berry itself has a low  sugar content and only a mildly sweet tang. The  

值得注意的是，這種漿果本身的含糖量很低，而且只有淡淡的甜味。

berry has been used for centuries, particularly  in West Africa. It was first documented in the  

這種漿果已經被使用了幾個世紀，特別是在西非。 18 世紀，歐洲探險家 Chevalier des Marchais

18th century by European explorer, the Chevalier  des Marchais. More recently, in the United States,  

首次記錄了它 。 最近，在美國，

there was an attempt to commercialize the fruit  for its unique ability to make non-sweet foods  

有人試圖將這種神秘果商業化，因為它具有使非甜食

taste sweet without a caloric cost. However,  the Food and Drug Administration classified the  

變甜而不消耗熱量的獨特能力。然而，美國食品和藥物管理局將

berry as a food additive and required evidence  of safety, which has limited its commercial  

神秘果歸類為食品添加劑，並要求提供安全證據，這限制了其商業

use. Today, in tropical West Africa, the fruit  pulp is used to sweeten palm wine and improve  

用途。今天，在熱帶西非，神秘果被用來使棕櫚酒變甜並改善

the flavor of soured cornbread. It's also used  as a sweetener and flavoring agent for diverse  

酸玉米麵包的味道。它還用作各種

beverages and foods, like beer, cocktails,  vinegar, and pickles. However, importing  

飲料和食品的甜味劑和調味劑，如啤酒、雞尾酒、醋和泡菜。然而， 自 2011 年以來

Synsepalum dulcificum (specifically, 'miraculin')  from Taiwan has been banned in the United States  

，美國已禁止從台灣進口神秘果（特別是“神秘果蛋白”）

since 2011, as the FDA declared it an "illegal  undeclared sweetener". In contrast, in 2021,  

，因為 FDA 宣布其為“非法未申報的甜味劑”。相比之下，2021 年，

Baïa Food Co. in Spain was granted permission  to put Dried Miracle Berry on the EU market.  

西班牙的 Baïa Food Co. 獲准將神秘果乾投放歐盟市場。

It's worth to mention that other species such as  Gymnema sylvestre and Thaumatococcus daniellii  

值得一提的是，匙羹藤和丹氏奇異球菌等其他物種

are also sometimes referred to as miracle fruit  or miracle berry due to their ability to alter  

有時也被稱為神秘果，因為它們能夠改變

the perceived sweetness of foods. Furthermore,  in scientific research, transgenic tomato plants  

食物的甜度。此外，在科學研究中，

have been developed that produce miraculin.  One example is a research titled “Production  

已經開發出產生神秘果蛋白的轉基因番茄植物。 一個例子是 2010 年 發表在

of recombinant miraculin using transgenic tomatoes  in a closed cultivation system” published in the  

《農業與食品化學雜誌》上 的一項題為“在封閉栽培系統中使用轉基因番茄生產重組奇蹟素”的研究

Journal of Agricultural and food chemistry  in 2010. In this research ,the researchers  

。在這項研究中，研究人員

built a special system to grow genetically  modified tomatoes that produce miraculin,  

建立了一個特殊的系統來種植產生神秘果蛋白的轉基因番茄，

a protein that can make sour foods taste sweet.  They controlled the amount of light, temperature,  

一種可以使酸味食物變甜的蛋白質。 他們控制光照、溫度

and carbon dioxide to help the tomatoes grow well.  The tomatoes thrived under these conditions and  

和二氧化碳的量以幫助西紅柿生長良好。 西紅柿在這些條件下茁壯成長並

produced a lot of fruit - over 270 grams of fresh  weight per plant. The researchers found that these  

結出大量果實——每株植物的鮮重超過 270 克。研究人員發現，

tomatoes could produce up to 90 micrograms of  miraculin for every gram of fresh-weight of  

每克鮮重的西紅柿可以產生高達 90 微克的神秘果蛋白

the tomatoes. The team compared the amount  of miraculin produced by tomatoes grown in  

該團隊將在這種特殊系統中種植的西紅柿產生的神秘果蛋白量與在這是另一種常見的西紅柿種植方式 ：

this special system to those grown in a netted  greenhouse, which is another common way to grow  

網狀溫室中種植的西紅柿產生的數量進行了比較

tomatoes. They found that the genetically modified  tomatoes grown in the controlled system produced a  

他們發現，在受控系統中種植的轉基因西紅柿產生的

more consistent amount of miraculin, suggesting  that this method is a better way to grow these  

神秘果蛋白數量更穩定，表明這種方法是種植這些

tomatoes. Finally, the researchers calculated that  in one year, they could harvest around 45 tons of  

西紅柿的更好方法。最後，研究人員計算出，在一年內，他們可以收穫大約 45 噸 使用該栽培系統

fresh-weight tomatoes and about 4 kilograms  of miraculin from a 1,000-square-meter area  

，在 1,000 平方米的面積上生產鮮重西紅柿和約 4 千克神秘果蛋白

using this cultivation system. In simpler terms,  this method can be used to produce a large amount  

。簡單來說，此方法可用於可靠且一致地生產大量

of miraculin reliably and consistently. As you  might have noticed miracle berry is interesting,  

的奇蹟蛋白。您可能已經注意到神秘果很有趣，

and governments like to ban interesting things.  So Are miracle berries illegal? This question  

而政府喜歡禁止有趣的東西。那麼神秘果是非法的嗎？這個問題

can be answered by an article titled “Miracle  berry – developing its promise” published by New  

可以通過 New Food Magazine 發表的一篇題為“Miracle berry – developing its promise”的文章來回答

Food Magazine, which is a digital publication  that features content on a range of topics in  

，該雜誌是一份數字出版物，內容涉及 全球食品和飲料行業的

the global food and beverage industry, including  food safety, new technologies, regulatory updates,  

一系列主題 ，包括食品安全、新技術 、法規更新、

scientific research, and product innovations.  According to this article, In the United States,  

科學研究和產品創新。根據這篇文章，在美國，

miraculin is considered a food additive and does  not have GRAS status (aka Generally Recognised  

神秘果蛋白被認為是一種食品添加劑， 由於安全數據不足，

As Safe) due to insufficient safety data. The US  Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has previously  

不具有 GRAS 狀態（又名公認 安全）。 美國食品和藥物管理局 (FDA) 此前

denied attempts to gain legal approval for miracle  berry products. However, cultivation and sale  

否認了為神秘果產品獲得法律批准的嘗試。然而，

of miracle berries are permitted, and events  utilizing their flavor-altering properties are  

神秘果的種植和銷售是被允許的，利用它們改變風味的特性的活動

increasingly popular in bars, restaurants, and  hotels. In the European Union, miraculin does  

在酒吧、餐館和酒店越來越受歡迎。在歐盟，神秘果蛋白沒有

not have a specific legal status. However, the  miracle berry is on the EU list of novel foods.  

特定的法律地位。然而，神秘果在歐盟的新奇食品清單上。

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Panel  on Nutrition, Novel Foods, and Food Allergens  

歐洲食品安全局 (EFSA) 營養、新型食品和食品過敏原小組得出結論

concluded that the lyophilized fruits (aka Freeze  dried fruit) of S. dulcificum are safe for use as  

認為，神秘果的凍乾果實（又名凍乾果）可安全用作或用於

or in food supplements at a maximum intake level  of 0.7 g/day, excluding pregnant and lactating  

食品補充劑，最大攝入量為 0.7 克/天，不包括孕婦和哺乳期

women. This is due to insufficient scientific  data available for these subgroups. In Japan,  

婦女。這是由於這些亞組的可用科學數據不足。在日本，

there are no restrictions on selling miracle  berries. Despite these regional regulations,  

神秘果的銷售沒有任何限制。儘管有這些地區法規，但

miracle berries are not universally approved  as a food additive due to a lack of extensive  

由於缺乏廣泛的科學研究

scientific studies. Nonetheless, they are grown  extensively in Asia, the US, and Latin America,  

神秘果並未被普遍批准為食品添加劑。儘管如此，它們在亞洲、美國和拉丁美洲廣泛種植，

and are available in various forms including  fresh and dried fruits, juices, fruit seed oils,  

並以各種形式提供，包括新鮮和乾果、果汁、果籽油、

freeze-dried powders, canned fruits, and tablets  containing miraculin. Do miracle berries have  

凍乾粉、水果罐頭和含有神秘果蛋白的藥片。

side effects? This question can be answered by  an article titled “Miracle Berry Side Effects”  

神秘果有副作用嗎？ 這個問題可以通過

published by Livestrong.com which is a health  and wellness website. According to this article,  

健康和保健網站 Livestrong.com 發表的

Miracle berries are generally considered safe with  minimal side effects. However, some potential side  

一篇題為“奇蹟漿果副作用”的文章來回答 。 根據這篇文章，

effects may occur including: Overconsumption of  acidic foods: The active ingredient in Miracle  

奇蹟漿果通常被認為是安全的，副作用最小。 但是， 可能會出現 一些潛在的副作用， 包括： 過度食用酸性食物：奇蹟

Berries, miraculin, alters the perception of  taste, making sour foods taste sweet. This might  

漿果中的活性成分神秘果蛋白會改變味覺，使酸味食物變甜。這可能會

encourage people to consume these foods in larger  quantities than usual. This could potentially be  

鼓勵人們比平時更多地食用這些食物。這可能是

harmful, leading to issues like stomach upset or  heartburn, especially if high-acidity foods are  

有害的，會導致胃部不適或胃灼熱等問題，尤其是

consumed in excess. Long-lasting taste alteration:  Some people have reported that the taste-altering  

在過量食用高酸食物的情況下。持久的味覺改變：有人報告說，

effect of miraculin lasted longer than expected,  in rare cases up to 18 hours. This could cause  

神秘果蛋白的味覺改變效果持續時間比預期的要長，在極少數情況下可達 18 小時。這可能會導致

anxiety in some individuals, although the effect  is temporary. Unexpected flavor enhancement:  

一些人感到焦慮，儘管這種影響是暫時的。意想不到的風味增強：

There have also been instances where other  flavors, such as saltiness, were enhanced,  

也有其他風味（例如鹹味）得到增強的情況，

which could be problematic for people  who weren't anticipating this effect.  

這對於沒有預料到這種效果的人來說可能會有問題。

Potential risks for children: While miraculin does  not mask the bitter taste of harmful substances,  

對兒童的潛在風險：雖然神秘果蛋白不能掩蓋有害物質的苦味，但

there's a concern that the fruit's taste-altering  effect could potentially put children at risk of  

人們擔心這種神秘果的味覺改變作用可能會使兒童面臨

consuming harmful substances, misunderstanding  their real taste due to the sweet perception  

食用有害物質的風險，由於神秘果

induced by the berries. Overall, while the  Miracle Berry is generally considered safe,  

引起的 甜味感知而誤解了他們的真實味道。總的來說，雖然神秘果通常被認為是安全的，但

these potential side effects should be taken  into account, especially when consuming foods  

應考慮這些潛在的副作用，尤其是在食用

with strong flavors or potentially harmful  substances. If you made it to the end of the  

味道濃烈或含有潛在有害物質的食物時。如果您看到了視頻的結尾

video, chances are that you enjoy learning what  people also ask on Google. But let's face it,  

，您很可能會喜歡了解人們在 Google 上也提出的問題。但讓我們面對現實吧，

reading PAA yourself will be a pain. So here's the  deal, I will do the reading for you and upload a  

自己閱讀 PAA 會很痛苦。所以這是交易，我會為你做閱讀並上傳一個

video compiling some fun PAAs once a week, all  you have to do is to hit the subscribe button and  

視頻，每週一次彙編一些有趣的 PAA，你所要做的就是點擊訂閱按鈕和

the bell icon so you won't miss any PAA report  that I compile. So just do it right now. Bye!

鈴鐺圖標，這樣你就不會錯過我發布的任何 PAA 報告編譯。所以現在就做吧。再見！