字幕列表 影片播放 已審核 字幕已審核 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 The global economic outlook for this year might be less gloomy than previously predicted, although that's not the case for the UK. 今年全球經濟前景可能比之前預測的要好,但英國的情況卻不是這樣。 Britain is the only member of the group of seven nations whose economy is likely to shrink in 2023, according to the International Monetary Fund's January forecasts. 根據國際貨幣基金組織一月份的預測,英國是七個成員國中唯一可能在 2023 年經濟萎縮的國家。 The country has been grappling with a cost of living crisis, with discontent spilling out onto the streets with months of strikes. 英國一直在努力應對生活成本危機,不滿情緒隨著數月來的罷工蔓延到街頭。 "We have told the government there's an increasing problem." 「我們已經告訴政府這問題越來越嚴重。」 While the US and other nations have begun to rebound from the pandemic, the UK has been struggling to turn the tide. 美國和其他國家的經濟已經開始從疫情中復甦,但英國一直在努力扭轉局面。 The UK's flagging economy now looks set to shrink by 0.6% this year, even being outperformed by sanctions-hit Russia. 英國的經濟現在似乎註定在今年將會萎縮 0.6%,甚至被受制裁的俄羅斯超越。 Here's why: 原因如下: Energy prices worldwide soared following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. 俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭後,全球能源價格飆升。 In the UK, inflation is close to its highest in 40 years, largely driven by those high energy costs. 在英國,通貨膨脹率接近 40 年來最高,主要是由於高昂的能源成本所致。 Britain was hit particularly hard as it relies on natural gas for much of its power generation and has limited storage capacity. 英國受到的影響尤其嚴重是因為其發電主要依賴天然氣,而且存量有限。 Meanwhile, the US was able to knock down prices domestically after the government released record amounts of oil from its Strategic Petroleum Reserves. 與此同時,美國政府釋放戰備儲油的大量原油,使國內的油價得以下降。 In many countries, for example, the US, inflation is beginning to ease, thanks partly to policies heightening by central banks. 在許多國家,例如美國,通貨膨脹開始緩解,部分歸功於中央銀行採取的政策。 The Federal Reserve hiked interest rates multiple times last year in a bid to curb inflation. 聯準會去年多次升息以遏制通貨膨脹, It now appears to be paying off. 現在看來這決策正在發揮作用。 Consumer spending is starting to falter, and price increases are easing, suggesting that the US economy is slowing down. 消費支出開始減弱,價格上漲正在緩解,這表明美國經濟正在放緩。 The UK central bank, the Bank of England, also raised interest rates to try to slow inflation, yet UK prices have continued to rise rapidly. 英國的中央銀行英格蘭銀行也升息來試圖抑制通貨膨脹,但英國的物價仍在快速上漲。 Grocery prices surged nearly 17%, and the trade association, the British Retail Consortium, says prices have yet to peak. 雜貨價格飆升近 17%,貿易協會英國零售業聯盟表示價格尚未達到高峰。 Workers across sectors have suffered a decline in inflation-adjusted wages, especially those whose salaries are paid for by the state. 各個行業的勞動人口都遭受了通貨膨脹調整後的工資下降,特別是那些由國家支付薪水的人口。 Strikes from workers, such as train drivers, postal workers, nurses and teachers, have become a familiar sight across the UK. 在英國,火車司機、郵政員工、護士和教師等人力的罷工已經成為常態。 "The NHS." 「國民保健署。」 "We are the NHS." 「我們是國民保健署。」 "Things continue to increase, except for our pay. 「物價一直上漲,只有我們的工資沒有漲。 Our working conditions have not changed. In fact, they've got worse." 我們的工作條件沒有改善,甚至變糟了。」 Another problem for growth is that the country's employment rate has yet to recover to pre-pandemic levels, unlike most other G7 nations. 另一個經濟增長的問題是,英國的就業率尚未回復到疫情前的水準,這與大多數其他 G7 成員國不同。 The UK is suffering from a decline in the workforce with a number of vacancies close to record levels. 英國正面臨勞動力減少的困境,缺工的數量接近歷史上最高紀錄。 Many have taken early retirement, and Britain's exit from the EU has put more barriers in place for workers from the bloc, meaning gaps aren't able to be filled as easily. 許多人提前退休,而英國退出歐盟阻礙許多來自歐盟的勞動人口,意味著缺工的數量無法輕易被填補。 To compare, in the US, where the unemployment rate is at a multi-decade low, the total workforce rose to a new record in January; however, there are signs that the tide could also be turning. 相比之下,在美國,失業率處於多年以來的低點,總勞動力在一月份創下新紀錄;然而,有跡象表明風向也可能轉變。 The Bank of England has moderated its economic growth forecasts for the UK, which were previously very negative. 英格蘭銀行已經調整了其對英國的經濟增長預測,這些預測本來是非常消極的。 It thinks that while Britain is still expected to enter a recession, that it's likely to be shallower and shorter than previously feared. 英格蘭銀行認為,盡管英國仍預期會進入經濟衰退,但它可能會比之前擔憂的更緩和及短暫, And it says that inflation is likely to drop sharply this year. 並表示通貨膨脹可能會在今年大幅下降。 The Bank of England raised its key interest rate on February 2nd, but it signaled that it may pause soon, meaning the economy won't have to endure further sizable increases in borrowing costs. 英格蘭銀行在 2 月 2 日調升了基礎利率,但暗示可能很快就會暫停,代表英國經濟將不必忍受進一步大幅的借款成本上升。 "We have seen a turning of the corner but it's very early days and the risks are very large and it's really that that I think shapes where we go from here." 「我們已經看到了轉折點,但現在還很早,風險非常大,這決定了我們今後的走向。」
B1 中級 中文 WSJ 英國 經濟 通貨膨脹 銀行 英格蘭 英國即將迎來查爾斯國王加冕,卻面臨 G7 成員國中唯一經濟萎縮的命運!(Why the U.K. Is the Only Major Economy Set to Shrink in 2023 | WSJ) 15760 118 林宜悉 發佈於 2023 年 05 月 04 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字