字幕列表 影片播放 由 AI 自動生成 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 So think about the last conversation you had where you thought, golly, that was such a 所以,想想你上一次的談話,你覺得,天哪,那是一個如此的 great conversation. 偉大的對話。 What did it feel like? 那是什麼感覺? Why did it seem like a really great conversation? 為什麼這看起來是一次非常棒的談話? And the chances are good that it was a kind of conversation that left you feeling smarter. 而且很有可能是一種讓你感覺更聰明的對話。 It was the kind of conversation where you felt like you discovered something new, that 那是一種你覺得自己發現了新東西的談話,那是一種 it left you deeply curious about something else. 它讓你對其他事物產生了深深的好奇心。 It might have been a conversation that challenged you in all the right ways. 這可能是一次以所有正確方式挑戰你的談話。 That's a truly great conversation. 這是一個真正偉大的對話。 It's one where we genuinely learn something or we come to a deeper understanding about 在這個過程中,我們真正學到了一些東西,或者說我們更深入地瞭解了一些東西。 why someone else holds a particular point of view. 為什麼別人會持有一個特定的觀點。 Right? 對嗎? That deeper understanding and that learning is what we're after with great conversations. 這種更深入的理解和學習是我們在偉大的對話中所追求的。 And so one of the things I'm interested in is what are the design principles of a great 是以,我感興趣的一件事是,一個偉大的設計原則是什麼? conversation. 談話。 What are the essential elements that make a conversation truly a great conversation? 使對話真正成為一個偉大的對話的基本要素是什麼? And humility would be one basic design principle that we should all start from. 而謙遜將是一個基本的設計原則,我們都應該從這裡開始。 Now with humility, I don't just mean deference to expertise, right, that you are so much 現在的謙卑,我不只是指對專業知識的尊重,對吧,你是如此的 smarter at that thing so I'm going to have humility with respect to you on that thing 在那件事上我很聰明,所以在那件事上我要對你保持謙卑的態度。 because you know more about it than I do. 因為你比我更瞭解它。 Now maybe that's true, right? 現在也許這是真的,對嗎? But that's not the kind of humility I'm talking about, because that's a sort of humility that 但這不是我說的那種謙遜,因為那是一種謙遜,即 could come to an end, right? 可能會走到盡頭,對嗎? I could learn as much about that particular topic, and therefore with that kind of thinking 我可以學到儘可能多的關於這個特定主題的知識,是以,在這種思維下 I would say I can set aside my humility. 我想說,我可以把我的謙遜放在一邊。 The kind of humility I'm talking about is the kind that you can't set aside. 我說的那種謙卑是你不能擱置的那種。 Because the world is an incredibly complicated place. 因為這個世界是一個令人難以置信的複雜的地方。 None of us can ever have the full lock on truth. 我們中沒有人能夠完全鎖定真理。 We can only see the world from a particular vantage point. 我們只能從一個特定的有利位置看世界。 And that means that our knowledge is going to have special insight because of our vantage 這意味著我們的知識將具有特殊的洞察力,因為我們的優勢在於 point, but it's also going to be limited because of our vantage point. 但由於我們的有利位置,它也將是有限的。 And so that limited knowledge that we can have about the world means that we must enter 是以,我們對世界能夠擁有的有限知識意味著我們必須進入 into any conversation with a deep sense of humility, because I need you to help me fill 帶著深深的謙卑感進入任何談話,因為我需要你來幫助我填補 in my knowledge gaps. 在我的知識差距中。 Right? 對嗎? And you need me. 而你需要我。 And that's the cool thing about conversation, is that it is mutual in the sense that both 這就是對話的好處,它是相互的,因為雙方都有機會。 of us look at the same world from different vantage points, and that means that we each 我們從不同的視點看同一個世界,這意味著我們每個人都是 have something to offer the other. 有一些東西可以提供給對方。 And that's true whether one person is the expert or not. 無論一個人是否是專家,這都是事實。 Right? 對嗎? We have the opportunity to gain in our knowledge, to learn from anyone. 我們有機會獲得知識,向任何人學習。 With this way of thinking about humility, anyone can be your teacher, whether it's your 有了這種謙遜的思維方式,任何人都可以成為你的老師,無論是你的 professor, or whether it's an elementary school student who's lived on the planet in different 教授,或者是一個在地球上生活過的小學生,他們在不同的環境中生活過。 circumstances than you lived on the planet. 比你住在這個星球上的情況。 That elementary school student can teach you something that you can only get by talking 那個小學生可以教你一些你只能通過交談獲得的東西 with them. 與他們。 That's that deeper level of humility. 這就是那種更深層次的謙卑。 Some of the other key design elements of a great conversation would be, for example, 例如,一個偉大的對話的其他一些關鍵設計元素將是:、 critical thinking and sympathetic listening. 批判性思維和富有同情心的傾聽。 There's a lot that gets said about critical thinking; it's that ability and eagerness 有很多關於批判性思維的說法;它是一種能力和渴望。 to identify gaps in logic or shortfalls in evidence-based argumentation. 以確定邏輯上的差距或基於證據的論證的不足之處。 It is the cornerstone of what it means to have a liberal education, is to engage in 它是擁有通識教育的意義的基石,是從事 that kind of critical thinking. 這種批判性思維。 Now less often discussed and surely less often celebrated is what I call sympathetic listening. 現在較少討論,當然也較少慶祝的是我所說的同情性傾聽。 And I use the word sympathetic in the way that Adam Smith used the word sympathetic, 而我使用同情這個詞的方式是亞當-斯密使用同情這個詞的方式、 which is: Am I really understanding from that other person's point of view? 這就是:我是否真的從對方的角度來理解? That commitment to understanding the argument from the other person's perspective. 這種從對方的角度理解爭論的承諾。 Now, what sympathy in this case means is not that I feel what they feel. 現在,在這種情況下,同情的意思不是說我對他們的感受感同身受。 It's that I'm willing to set aside, even if it's just temporarily, that hunt for the slightest 是我願意放下,哪怕只是暫時放下,為最微小的獵物。 misstep in logic or reasoning. 在邏輯或推理方面的失誤。 Setting that aside for a moment so that I can listen really carefully to what my conversation 暫時把這個問題放在一邊,以便我能夠真正仔細地聽一聽我的談話內容。 partner is saying, so I can understand from their perspective what their intellectual 夥伴在說什麼,所以我可以從他們的角度理解他們的智力 project is or why it is that they are looking at the same world I'm looking at but coming 項目是什麼,或者為什麼他們在看我所看的同一個世界,但卻要來 to a very, very different conclusion. 到一個非常、非常不同的結論。 I should assume that that person that I'm having that conversation with is intelligent 我應該假定與我談話的人是聰明的。 and is exercising reason, so when I enter into the conversational space with that good 鍛鍊的原因,所以當我進入對話空間,與那個好的 faith that they're exercising reason, then what that means is that I need to set aside 他們在行使理性的信念,那麼這就意味著我需要擱置 for a moment my hunt for the slightest misstep in logic so that I can really hear why it 在這一時刻,我正在尋找邏輯上最微小的失誤,以便我能夠真正聽到它的原因。 is that this smart person came to a different conclusion than I came to. 是這個聰明人得出了與我不同的結論。
A2 初級 中文 對話 謙卑 思維 知識 批判性 邏輯 成為一名智力探索者:掌握談話的藝術 | Emily Chamle-Wright | 大思考 (Become an intellectual explorer: Master the art of conversation | Emily Chamlee-Wright | Big Think) 58 9 林宜悉 發佈於 2023 年 04 月 24 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字