her, which then was criticized by Li Wen, the  daughter of writer Li Ao, for improper table  

，隨後被作家李敖之女李文批評餐桌禮儀不當。

etiquette. Li Wen then received backlash from the  internet for being perceived as having an overly  

隨後，李文因被認為對他人的日常生活有過分強烈的看法

strong opinion on the daily lives of others.  In response to the backlash, she wrote back  

而受到網民們的強烈抨擊 。 作為對反彈的回應，她回復了

several comments that ended up rubbing people  the wrong way. Here are some of the sentences  

幾條評論，這些評論最終激怒了人們。以下是她評論中的一些句子

in her comments that I roughly translated  into English: Quote: “To be a public figure,  

，我粗略翻譯成英文： 做一個公眾人物,

especially one with such a high reputation, you  must set a good example. With so much money,  

特別是知名度這麼高的就要做一個好的示範,你有那麼多錢就

you can help children find experts, help them, and  educate them….” “It is understandable that your  

可以幫忙小朋友找專家,幫助他們,教育他們,

mother was not born into a good family, so why  don't you help your underage children with such  

你們星媽出生不太好可以理解,那你們下一代

good resources for your next generation.” “This is  a phenomenon in Taiwan, which I call the "Xiǎo S  

有這麼好的資源為什麼不去幫助你的未成年的孩子們呢。” ”這是個台灣的現象,就是「小S現象」。

phenomenon" How many young people in Taiwan care  about their basic etiquette now? They only care  

現在台灣的年輕人有幾個關心他們基本的禮 儀呢?只關心gaming,當youtuber

about gaming, being YouTubers, uber food delivery,  plastic surgery, and blindly living every day,  

、uber送餐員,醫美,盲目的每天過生活,可是 基本的禮貌都不會

but they don't know basic manners. Isn't this the  tragedy of Taiwan? Even Terry Gou has a problem  

這是不是台灣的悲哀呢?連郭董都有吃相問題了

with table manners, not to mention he is so  wealthy.” “​​Although everyone is insecure  

何況他是那麼有錢的人。

about their inferiority so they don't listen to  me, in the end, this is the so-called "poor people  

雖然大家很自卑聽不進去完了還會反駁,這個就所謂

do more mischief".” And she ends her comments with  the following sentence “So many Ethnically Chinese  

的“窮人多作怪”。 她用以下一句話結束了她的評論：“

people I have seen in New York and San Francisco  have brought these bad table manners abroad!” End  

因為很多華人我看過太多在紐約和三藩市把他們的吃相已經在去國外了”

quote. I can understand why her comments rubbed  so many people the wrong way. Because, first,  

我能理解為什麼她的​​評論激怒了這麼多人。因為，首先，

even though she might have good intentions, her  wording was, to be honest, blatantly classist,  

儘管她可能出於好意，但老實說，她的措辭是公然的階級歧視，

probably a bit ageist too. The final sentence  of her statement, which revealed her anxiety  

可能也有點年齡歧視。她聲明的最後一句話，揭示了她

about how ethnic Chinese people might be  perceived in the United States, is also  

對華人在美國的如何被看待的焦慮，也很耐人尋味。

quite intriguing. There is a lot to unpack here,  so let's delve deeper into this topic with PAA."  

這裡有很多東西要探討，所以讓我們更深入地研究這個 PAA 的主題吧！

Hi, I am Shao Chieh Lo, welcome to what people  also ask, where I search something seemingly  

你好，我是Shao Chieh Lo，我在裡面搜索一些貌似淺顯易懂的東西

obvious and share with you some of its PAA, aka  People Also Ask, which is a feature telling you  

。 People Also Ask，這是一項功能，可以告訴您

what other people are searching on Google that  relates to your query. Today's query is “Is table  

其他人在 Google 上搜索與您的查詢相關的內容。今天的查詢是

etiquette classist?”. I will try to dive into the  nature of table etiquette and explore the idea of  

“餐桌禮儀是否是階級歧視的產物？”。我將嘗試深入探討餐桌禮儀的本質並探討

why some people think table etiquette is classist,  and whether it's inherently classist or it depends  

為什麼有些人認為餐桌禮儀是階級歧視的，它是本質上的階級歧視還是取決於

on the context and the way they are enforced or  imposed. So I want to start by first exploring  

上下文以及它們被強制執行或強加的方式。所以我想在討論

this table-manners-shaming instance before  discussing the nature of table manners itself. One  

餐桌禮儀的本質之前首先想探討一下這個小Ｓ餐桌禮儀羞辱事件

interesting thing is that when Li Wen criticizes  Xiǎo S, she also mentions that she thinks youths  

有趣的事是，李文在批評小S時，還提到她認為

nowadays, in general, do not really care about  table manners, which, understandably ruffles  

現在的年輕人並不在乎關心餐桌禮儀，這自然會激怒

some feathers of those who identify themselves  as youths. In one article published by ChinaTimes  

一些自認為是年輕人的人。 台灣保守派報紙 《中時電子報》發表的一篇文章

which is a conservative-leaning newspaper in  Taiwan, even titled “Are young people falling into  

，甚至題為“年輕人正在陷入小S現象”嗎？

the "Xiǎo S phenomenon?" which suggests that young  people nowadays are lacking proper table manners.  

認為現在的年輕人缺乏適當的餐桌禮儀。

This made me wonder whether the decline in table  manners or at least the perceived decline in table  

這讓我想知道餐桌禮儀的衰退或「餐桌禮儀衰退的感覺」

manners is a recent phenomenon limited to younger  generations. To investigate this, I decided to  

是否是最近出現的僅限於年輕一代的現象。為了調查這個問題，我決定

examine historical records for similar narratives  or indications of the same issue in earlier times.  

檢視歷史上的文本，尋找更早時期對同一問題的類似敘述。

So When do people start to think their youth lack  table manners? It turns out that the criticism of  

那麼人們什麼時候開始認為他們的年輕人缺乏餐桌禮儀呢？事實證明，

younger generations for having poor table manners  is not at all a recent thing. One New York Times  

上一代批評年輕一代餐桌禮儀並不是最近才有的事。 我發現一篇紐約時報

archived article I found titled “TABLE MANNERS:  A CASUALTY OF CHANGING TIMES” which was published  

封存的的文章發表於 1985 年，標題為“餐桌禮儀：時代變遷的犧牲品”，

in 1985 indicates that people at least have  been saying that 40 years ago. In this article,  

表明人們早在 40 年前就這麼說了。在這篇文章中，

the author went on a tirade about their  youth lacking table manners and attribute  

作者對他們的年輕人缺乏餐桌禮儀進行了長篇大論

their loss of manners to the following reasons:  1. The demise of the traditional evening meal,  

並將他們的失禮歸因於以下原因： 1. 傳統晚餐的消亡，

when families gathered to eat and parents were  quick to correct errant manners. 2. The growth  

過去家庭聚集在一起吃飯，父母很能快糾正錯誤的舉止.

of fast food and ready-to-eat meals has also  contributed to the decline in table manners. 3.  

2.快餐和即食食品的增長也導致了餐桌禮儀的下降。

individual freedom has come to be valued over  decorum, and as families have spent less time  

3.個人自由變得比禮儀更重要，而且由於家庭

together at the dinner table, parents have failed  to pass on society's rules of the table. Even it's  

在餐桌上共度的時間越來越少，父母未能傳遞社會的餐桌規則。即使這是

the earliest article that I found about people  blaming their youths for lacking table manners,  

這是我發現最早的一篇關於人們指責他們的年輕人缺乏餐桌禮儀的文章，

It is difficult to pinpoint an exact time in  history when people began to think that younger  

但其實也很難確定歷史上人們開始認為年輕一代缺乏餐桌禮儀的確切時間

generations lacked table manners, as this is a  sentiment that has likely existed for centuries.  

，因為這種情緒可能已經存在了好幾世紀了。

Different generations have always had their own  customs, and it is common for older generations  

不同的世代一直都有自己的習俗，老一輩人普遍認為

to feel that younger ones do not adhere to the  same standards of etiquette that they were raised  

年輕一代不遵守他們從小到大的禮儀標準

with. The concept of table manners has evolved  over time, with specific customs and etiquette  

餐桌禮儀的概念隨著時間的推移而演變，具體的習俗和禮儀

rules changing depending on the culture and  historical context. As these changes occur, it  

規則會根據文化和歷史背景而發生變化。隨著這些變化的發生，

is natural for some individuals to perceive that  the younger generation lacks proper table manners.  

一些人自然會認為年輕一代缺乏適當的餐桌禮儀。

The perception that younger generations lack table  manners is not a new phenomenon, and it has likely  

認為年輕一代缺乏餐桌禮儀的看法並不是一個新現象，它很可能

existed in various forms throughout history. This  perception is influenced by evolving social norms,  

在整個人類歷史上以各種形式存在。這種看法受到不斷發展的社會規範、

cultural factors, and the natural generational  gap that arises as society continues to change.  

文化因素以及隨著社會不斷變化而出現的自然代溝的影響。

I want to mention one interesting detail about  this article is that the author mentioned Judith  

關於這篇文章，我想提一個有趣的細節，作者提到

Martin, the author of the popular syndicated  etiquette column back then called "Miss Manners,"  

當時流行的聯合禮儀專欄“禮儀小姐”的作者朱迪思·馬丁 (Judith Martin) 將

attributed the decline of table manners to  the nation's founders and their emphasis on  

餐桌禮儀的衰落歸因於國家的創始人及其對

equality and disdain for insincere politeness.  Martin suggested that this trend may have  

平等的重視，以及對虛偽禮儀的藐視。馬丁表示，這種趨勢可能

originated with Thomas Jefferson himself. The  reason Jefferson attempted to ease the rules  

起源於托馬斯杰斐遜本人。 杰斐遜在擔任總統期間

of diplomatic ranking during his presidency  was that he believed they imposed artificial  

試圖放寬外交排名規則的原因是，他認為這些

distinctions among men who were created equal.  This perspective, in terms, indirectly affected  

排名在人生而平等的人之間強加了人為的區別。從某種意義上說，這種觀點間接影響了

American people's view of table manners as a form  of classism because they can create unnecessary  

美國人將餐桌禮儀視為一種階級主義歧視的觀點，因為它們會

distinctions between people and may not always  reflect a person's true character or values.  

在人與人之間造成不必要的區別，並且可能並不總是反映一個人的真實性格或價值觀。

That lead to the topic we mainly want to discuss  today: Is table manner classist? An article titled  

這就引出了我們今天主要想討論的話題：餐桌禮儀是階級主義歧視的產物？ Times 發表的 一篇題為

“Why Table Manners Still Matter” published by  Times, insinuates that table manners are not  

“為什麼餐桌禮儀仍然重要”的文章暗示餐桌禮儀並不是

inherently classist because their purpose is  to show respect and consideration for others,  

本質上的的階級主義，因為它們的目的是表現出對他人的尊重和體貼

regardless of social class. By knowing and  adhering to appropriate table manners, you  

而不管社會階層如何。通過了解並遵守適當的餐桌禮儀

demonstrate your understanding of cultural norms  and your ability to adapt to different situations.  

您可以展示您對文化規範的理解以及適應不同情況的能力。

This can be particularly helpful in business  dealings, as showing respect for someone's  

這在商業交易中特別有用，因為尊重某人的

culture is an invaluable skill. Furthermore, good  table manners can create a positive impression on  

文化是一項非常寶貴的技能。此外，良好的餐桌禮儀可以給他人留下好的印象

others, potentially leading to personal or  professional advancement. In this context,  

也有可能促進個人或職業發展。在這種情境下，

table manners are seen as a tool for effective  communication and relationship-building,  

餐桌禮儀被視為有效溝通和建立關係的工具，

rather than a way to enforce class distinctions.  However, while we all know showing respect and  

而不是強制區分階級的一種方式。然而，雖然我們都知道

consideration for others during a meal is  important, some would argue it does not  

在用餐時表現出對他人的尊重和體諒很重要，但有些人會認為，這並不能

automatically make table etiquette classism-free.  And judging someone's characteristics based on  

使餐桌禮儀擺脫階級歧視的罪名。同時根據

table manners or etiquette in general, and the  idea of good etiquette could lead to personal  

一般的餐桌禮儀或禮儀來判斷某人的特徵，而良好禮儀可能會導致個人

or professional advancement might actually be  classist by itself. An article titled “Making  

或職業上的好處本身可能實際上是階級主義歧視的產物。 Salon.com 發表了一篇題為

Etiquette for everyone again – despite, or Because  of, its Weaponization” was published by Salon.com  

“再次為每個人制定禮儀 - 即使禮儀能被武器化”的文章，

which is a news and opinion website that covers a  wide range of topics related to politics, culture,  

該網站是一個新聞和意見網站，涵蓋與政治、文化、

entertainment, and technology. The article began  with the sentence quote “Proper etiquette can  

娛樂和技術相關的廣泛主題。文章開頭引用了一句話

be a blessing and a boon to our interactions  . . . provided it isn't used as a weapon.”  

“適當的禮儀可以為我們的交往帶來祝福和恩惠。” . .只要不要把它當成武器就好。”

In this article, the author Melanie McFarland,  an American television critic and journalist,  

在這篇文章中，美國電視評論家和記者梅蘭妮·麥克法蘭 (Melanie McFarland)

recounts an early life experience where  she participated in a major metropolitan  

講述了她早年參加一家主要大都會報紙暑期訓練的經歷 。

newspaper's summer program. During the program,  a brief interaction with one of the newsroom's  

在暑期訓練期間，她與新聞編輯室的一位

managers led to an invitation for lunch at  a nice restaurant. The manager said little  

經理進行了簡短的互動，爾後經理邀請她在一家不錯的餐廳共進午餐。

during the meal, leaving Melanie to carry on  the conversation, which was impolite but not as  

經理在用餐期間很少說話，讓梅蘭妮主導談話，這很不禮貌

problematic as the manager's real intention. The  manager was closely observing Melanie's etiquette,  

經理的真正意圖其實更可怕。經理仔細觀察梅蘭妮的禮節，

such as how she ate her soup, which forks she used  for salad, and how she held her utensils. These  

例如她如何喝湯，她用哪把叉子做沙拉，以及她如何拿餐具。

were all things that Melanie's mother had taught  her from a young age. At the end of the meal,  

這些都是梅蘭妮的母親從小教過她的。用餐結束時，

the manager praised Melanie's manners while  making derogatory remarks about the other kids  

經理表揚了梅蘭妮的舉止，同時貶低了

in the program, most of whom were also ethnic  minorities like Melanie herself. A day later,  

暑期課程中的其他孩子，其中大多數也是像梅蘭妮自己一樣的少數民族。一天后，

Melanie was assigned to the newspaper's  research department as an assistant,  

梅蘭妮被分配到該報的研究部門擔任助理，

which led to interactions with famous writers and  connections with their editors. Melanie emphasizes  

這使得她能與著名作家以及他們的編輯有機會互動。梅蘭妮強調

that this story is not a triumphant story, as her  memory of the meal is entwined with humiliation  

，這個故事不是一個勝利的故事，因為她對這頓飯的記憶與屈辱

and shame. When she asked her mother if it was  wrong to accept the opportunity, she advised her  

和羞恥交織在一起。當她問母親接受這個機會是否錯誤時，她建議她

to embrace her good fortune and never forget the  circumstances that led to it. According to her,  

擁抱這個機會，但永遠不要忘記這件事情。她說，

that meal played a major role in obtaining her  first major break into professional journalism.  

那頓飯讓她進入了專業新聞界。

But it also provided her first lesson on how the  rules of etiquette can be wielded to be classist  

但也讓她了解了禮儀規則如何被用來作為階級主義者和種族主義者的武器。

and racist. This idea of table etiquette could  be classist or even racist might ruffle a lot of  

這種餐桌禮儀可能有階級歧視甚至種族主義的想法可能會激怒很多人

people's feathers, some might even argue that the  very idea of table etiquette could be classist or  

有些人甚至可能會認為，說餐桌禮儀可能是階級主義或

racist itself IS classist and racist, because it  insinuates people from lower classes or ethnic  

種族主義的想法本身就是階級主義和種族主義，因為它暗示了來自下層階級或種族的

minorities can not learn proper table manners.  Nevertheless, It is crucial to acknowledge that  

少數民族無法學習適當的餐桌禮儀。然而，我們必須了解，

individuals possessing financial resources and  cultural capital undoubtedly enjoy greater access  

擁有財力和文化資本的人無疑更容易獲得

to refined table manners, as suggested by Li Wen's  remark to Xiao S: “It is understandable that your  

餐桌禮儀的學習機會，正如李文對小S的評論所暗示的那樣：

mother was not born into a good family, so why  don't you help your underage children with such  

你們星媽出生不太好可以理解,那你們下一代有這麼好的資源為什麼不去幫助你的未成年的孩子們呢。

good resources for your next generation.” And  another comment from Li Wen also mentioned one  

”而李文的另一條評論也提到，

session of her international business etiquette  class cost 500 dollars, which obviously those  

她的一堂國際商務禮儀課要500美元，顯然那些

without dispensable income would not be able  to afford. In addition, many of the table  

沒有可支配收入的人是很難負擔的。此外，我們今天所熟悉的

etiquette rules we are familiar with today were  indeed historically designed by the aristocracy  

許多餐桌禮儀規則，確實是歷史上貴族

to distinguish themselves from the common  folk and preserve their social standing. And  

為了區別於平民、維護社會地位而設計的。

Europe-centric traditions have a significant  impact on table manners, particularly in the  

以歐洲為中心的傳統對餐桌禮儀產生了重大影響，尤其是在

context of fine dining. An article titled  “Manners Don't Encourage Good Behavior, Just  

高級餐飲方面。 The Swaddle.com 發表了

Class Discrimination” published by The Swaddle.com  which is a website that covers a wide range of  

一篇題為“禮儀不鼓勵良好行為，只是階級歧視”的文章，

topics related to Indian and global culture argues  that table manners are classist because they were  

該網站涵蓋 與印度和全球文化相關的 廣泛

historically designed by the aristocracy to  distinguish themselves from the common folk  

主題，認為餐桌禮儀是階級主義的，因為它們是歷史上設計的貴族為了區別於普通民眾

and preserve their social standing. The article  argues that table manners and social etiquette  

，維護自己的社會地位。文章認為，餐桌禮儀和社交禮儀

were originally designed to create a distinction  between the aristocracy and the common people,  

最初旨在區分貴族和平民，

ensuring the preservation of power and social  standing for the privileged. With time, these  

確保特權和社會地位的保存。隨著時間的推移，隨著新的財富來源的出現

rules became even more crucial for maintaining  social hierarchies as new sources of wealth  

這些規則對於維持社會等級制度變得更加重要

emerged. For example, Erasmus, a 16th-century  thinker, helped establish various social etiquette  

例如，16 世紀的思想家伊拉斯謨 (Erasmus) 幫助建立了

rules that still persist today. The development  of table manners in Europe during the Renaissance  

至今仍沿用的各種社交禮儀規則。文藝復興時期歐洲餐桌禮儀的發展

period was a way for the nobility to create a  clear distinction between the wealthy and the  

是貴族區分貧富的一種方式

poor, often leading to the creation of unnecessary  and unaffordable dining items. Like there were  

，往往導致創造不必要和負擔不起的用餐物品。就像有

pudding spoons and oyster forks and fish knives  and asparagus tongs, completely unbeknownst to  

布丁勺、牡蠣叉、魚刀和蘆筍鉗，普通人根本完全不知道怎麼用。

the common folks. By the 18th and 19th centuries,  the land was no longer the only source of wealth,  

到了18、19世紀，土地不再是唯一的財富來源，

weakening aristocratic power, so social etiquette  became an even more important tool for distinction  

貴族權力弱化，社交禮儀更成為區分和保全權力

and power preservation. The nouveau riche adopted  manners and style in an attempt to gain access to  

的重要工具。新興資產階級採用與貴族相似的舉止和風格

elite circles. Those who failed to conform were  considered unworthy of affluence and closed  

試圖進入精英圈子。那些不照禮儀來的人被認為不配擁有富裕和

networks of old money. In countries colonized  by European powers, such as India, Western  

取得舊階級財富的資格。在印度等被歐洲列強殖民的國家

etiquette combined with local traditions and the  pervasive caste system to make differentiating  

西方禮儀與當地傳統和普遍存在的種姓制度相結合

between people and performing superiority  even easier. Failure to adhere to social  

使人與人之間的區別和表現優越性變得更加容易。不遵守社交禮儀規則

etiquette rules may lead others to believe that  an individual lacks refinement, comes from a lower  

可能會導致其他人認為一個人缺乏修養，來自較低的社會經濟背景

socio-economic background, or is not from quote  on quote “a good family”. The pervasive global  

或者不是來自“好的家庭”。在全球化下

anxiety to live up to the standard set primarily  by European powers may explain why Li Wen  

對達到主要由歐洲列強制定的社交標準的焦慮或許可以解釋為什麼李文

expressed her own anxiety in her comment: “So many  ethnically Chinese people I have seen in New York  

在評論中表達了她自己的焦慮：“因為很多華人我看過太多在紐約和三藩市

and San Francisco have brought these bad table  manners abroad!” which insinuates that people  

把他們的吃相已經在去國外了！” 她這樣其實暗示

from Western Culture have better table etiquette,  which is obviously not the case by the way. I have  

來自西方文化的人有更好的餐桌禮儀。順道一提，事實根本不是這樣。

been to both cities and saw how people eat there.  At mealtimes, throughout history, various cultures  

我去過這兩個城市，看過人們在那裡吃飯。

have used table manners as a means of reinforcing  the social status of higher classes. For example,  

縱觀歷史，各種文化都使用餐桌禮儀作為提高上層階級社會地位的手段。例如，

​​in traditional Chinese banquets, guests would  be seated according to their social status,  

在中國傳統的宴會中，客人的座位是按身份排列的，

with the most honored guests seated at the head  of the table. The host would also serve the most  

最尊貴的客人坐在首位。主人也會

prestigious dishes to these guests first. And  in ancient China, proper use of chopsticks was  

先為這些客人端上最負盛名的菜餚。在中國古代，正確使用筷子被

seen as a sign of good breeding and education.  The elite was expected to handle chopsticks with  

視為良好教養和教育的標誌。 精英們被期望以 優雅、精確和優雅的方式

grace, precision, and elegance, reflecting their  social status. So is table manner classist? Well,  

使用筷子 ，以反映他們的社會地位。 那麼餐桌禮儀是階級歧視的產物嗎？

while it does have a somewhat classist root in the  context of history, the question of whether table  

雖然它在歷史背景下確實有某種階級主義的根源，但餐桌禮儀是否屬於階級主義的問題

manners are classist is a highly debated issue  in modern society. I have compiled some pros  

在現代社會中是一個備受爭議的問題。我整理了一些利弊

and cons arguments as followed: Table manners  might not be classist because: Basic courtesy:  

論點如下： 餐桌禮儀可能不是階級主義，因為：

Some table manners, such as not talking with  one's mouth full or using utensils properly,  

基本禮貌：一些餐桌禮儀，例如不滿嘴說話或正確使用餐具，

can be seen as a basic courtesy rather than  classist behavior. These manners promote hygiene,  

可以被視為基本禮貌而不是階級主義行為. 這些禮儀促進

cleanliness, and respect for others at the table.  Social cohesion: Table manners can promote a sense  

餐桌上的 衛生、 清潔和對他人的尊重。

of unity and cooperation among people sharing  a meal, creating an environment of respect and  

社會凝聚力：餐桌禮儀可以促進人們在用餐時的團結合作意識

consideration for others. Cultural exchange:  Learning and adopting table manners from various  

，營造尊重和體諒他人的環境 。 文化交流：學習和採用不同

cultures can foster understanding and appreciation  for diversity, promoting cross-cultural exchange  

文化的餐桌禮儀可以促進對多樣性的理解和欣賞，促進跨文化交流

and breaking down class barriers. Table manners  might be classist because: Cultural imposition:  

，打破階級隔閡。餐桌禮儀可能是階級主義的，因為：

Table manners are often based on the norms and  customs of a particular culture or social class,  

文化強加：餐桌禮儀通常基於特定文化或社會階層的規範和習俗，

which may not be universally applicable or  understood. Imposing these manners on people  

可能無法普遍適用或理解。將這些禮儀強加給來自

from different backgrounds may create barriers and  reinforce class divisions. Social exclusion: Those  

不同背景的人可能會造成障礙並加劇階級分化。

who are not familiar with specific table manners  might feel excluded or judged, leading to social  

社會排斥：不熟悉特定餐桌禮儀的人可能會感到被排斥或被評判，從而導致

segregation based on one's ability to adhere to  certain etiquette rules. Economic inequality:  

基於個人遵守某些禮儀規則的能力的社會隔離。