and being absolutely traumatised when Mufasa - spoiler alert - gets killed by the stampede.

而我在木法沙--劇透警告--被獸群害死的時候，受到了極大的創傷。

That had a massive profound effect on me

這對我產生了巨大且深刻的影響，

and showed me, like, how much a 2D cinema screen can make you feel so much.

讓我了解 2D 電影螢幕能有多大的感染力。

We did a screening of Get Out in 2017.

2017 年，我們參與了《逃出絕命鎮》放映。

At the end of the film, there was this massive, rapturous applause in the cinema.

放映結束後，影廳中響起巨大、熱烈的掌聲。

It made the hairs on the back of your neck stand up.

那種感覺讓我後頸的汗毛都豎了起來。

That is such a special and unique thing that only exists in cinemas.

那種獨特體驗，只有在電影院才有。

I think that human beings are supposed to go to cinema.

我認為，人類就該去電影院看電影。

I think it's intrinsic to who we are.

這與人類本質相關。

It's something about coming together.

關於大家聚在一起，

Be around a fire or in front of a cinema screen is just fundamental to what it means to be human.

無論是在火堆旁，還是在電影螢幕前，這與人的根本深切連繫。

In the very earliest days of cinema, you would go to see films in really quite strange spaces,

早期電影放映時，人們會在很奇特的空間看電影。

the archways under railway stations, in markets, in shops, often at fairgrounds.

火車站下的拱門、市場上、商店裡，也經常在遊樂場放映。

So it was quite a transient thing.

看電影在當時是件費時不長的事。

So in the 1920s, the numbers really start to go up.

到了 20 世紀 20 年代，看電影才真正開始變得熱門。

There's heating, comfortable seats,

影院有暖氣，舒適的座椅，

you start to buy ice cream.

還有冰淇淋可以買。

Suddenly, this is quite a nice thing to go and do.

突然間，看電影變成了件相當不錯的活動。

In Britain during the Second World War, cinemas were closed...

二次世界大戰期間，英國關閉國內電影院…

...and then promptly reopened due to a public outcry.

…然後又因大眾強烈抗議而迅速重新開啟。

People would risk life and limb to go and see films.

人們會冒著生命危險去看電影。

So you would have air raid sirens going off, fire wardens kind of announcing bombs coming,

所以你會聽到空襲警報器響起，消防員說有炸彈來襲，

and people would still sit in the cinema.

而人們仍坐在電影院裡。

So, what happens to us when we're at the cinema?

那麼，在電影院觀影會對我們造成什麼影響呢？

I think stories are one of the things that makes us fundamentally human.

我認為故事是構成人類的基本要素之一。

And as a neuroscientist, I've always been interested in how people experience stories.

作為神經科學家，我一直對人們如何體驗故事很好奇。

How do these stories affect people when they're in audiences?

這些故事是如何影響觀眾席上的觀眾的？

Professor Joe Devlin's team carried out an experiment to measure exactly how we respond to watching films in groups.

Joe Devlin 教授及其團隊進行了一項實驗，測量觀眾集體觀影的反應。

Fifty-one people came together to watch the 2019 adaptation of Aladdin.

他們聚集了 51 人觀看 2019 年的阿拉丁電影。

We had people in the cinema watching this film.

我們讓一部分人在電影院看這部電影，

Then we also had people in my lab at UCL watching the film by themselves.

然後讓另一部分人在倫敦大學實驗室裡獨自看電影。

Participants wore biometric sensors that measured their heart rate, electrodermal activity and body temperature.

受試者都佩戴著生物識別感測器，測量其心率、膚電活動及體溫。

What we found is that when you're watching with an audience

我們發現和其他觀眾一起看時，

there's much stronger emotional reactions than when you're watching it alone.

人的情緒反應會比自己看更強烈。

Participants' heartbeats began to synchronise and match the narrative of the film - rising and falling with the exciting and emotional moments in the plot.

受試者的心跳會開始與電影劇情同步——隨著撼動人心的情節起伏。

When Jasmine and Aladdin kiss for the first time that is the spike in electrodermal activity in the signal,

當茉莉公主和阿拉丁初次接吻時，觀眾的生理反應達到了顛峰。

and electrodermal activity is the strongest indicator of emotional engagement.

而膚電活動正是情感投入最有力的指標。

Although they were sitting still, for third of the film participants' heart rates entered the "healthy heart rate zone"

雖然觀眾都是靜靜坐著，但三分之一的受試者心率進入了「健康心率區」

- the equivalent of 40 minutes of low-intensity exercise.

—相當於進行了 40 分鐘低強度運動。

Going to the cinema is also good for our minds.

去電影院對人的精神也有好處。

I went to a screening of Singin' in the Rain,

當時，我去看了《萬花嬉春》，

and I remember sitting, going into that screening feeling really quite miserable.

我記得放映前，我坐在那，心情淒慘。

And the film came on.

接著，電影開始。

And by halfway through, I just felt absolutely elevated and so lifted out of myself.

但看到一半時，我的情緒已好轉許多，完全脫離原本的狀態。

And it's that feeling and it's that moment that I always come back to.

正是那種感覺，讓我一次次回到電影院。

Most of the time when you leave the cinema, I feel, you know, changed in a way,

多數時候，離開電影院時，我都覺得自己某種程度上已經不同了，

whether it's challenged or whether I feel empowered

無論是受到挑戰、獲得力量，

or whether I feel kind of like energised.

還是感覺充滿活力。

There's a feeling that it evokes.

電影會喚醒你的感受。

Studies have shown we are 33% more focused when watching on the big screen vs small screen.

研究表明，人在大螢幕上觀影的注意力比在小螢幕上看多了 33%。

You're scrolling through your phone, you've got the radio, you've got the TV.

滑手機、聽電台或看電視時，

You're constantly being shouted at by different voices.

各種聲音不斷在向我們嘶吼著。

And unless you can immerse yourself in that one story,

除非你有辦法讓自己沉浸在故事中，

you're not going to be transported in the way that cinema intends to transport you.

不然是無法得到在電影院觀影的那種體驗的。

The lights go out, my phone's off and I'm just so focused on what I'm watching.

燈光熄滅，手機關機，我就只專注在電影上。

Going to the cinema is good for the community

去電影院觀影對社群有益。

We live in quite an individualistic culture

我們生活在一個相當個人化的社會中。

and I think whenever we can come together,

而我認為每當我們聚在一起，

whether it's a music concert, whether it's a boxing match or whatever,

無論是演唱會、拳擊比賽或其他活動，

there's almost this ability to move as one, to think as one, to feel as one.

人們便有了這種一起行動、思考、感受的能力。

One of the great powers of cinema is that it's the means by which we tell each other about ourselves

其中一個電影的強大之處在於，它是我們向他人介紹自己的方式，

and it's a means by which we develop our empathy muscle

也是我們發展同理心的一種途徑。

which is like crucial to becoming better people and making the world a better place.

這對促進自己和這個世界變得更好都至關重要。

When we cry during films, our brains release oxytocin, a hormone associated with feelings of empathy and compassion.

因電影而流淚時，大腦會釋放催產素，這種激素與同理心和同情心習習相關。

I remember seeing Black Panther and just the energy in there...

我還記得觀看《黑豹》時感受到的能量…

You're in a room full of strangers, but all of you are going through the exact same experience at the same time.

處於滿是陌生人的房間裡，但所有人都同時在經歷一樣的體驗。

And I think there's a kind of sacred bond there.

那是種神聖的連結。

But not everyone's been able to enjoy the experience of going to the cinema,

但並非所有人都能享受到電影院的體驗，

and that's not just due to rising ticket prices.

不僅僅是因為票價上漲。

Cinemas haven't always been totally accessible to everyone.

電影院並非一向都是對所有族群都友善的空間，

And that's a really important thing for us to think about in terms of people's wellbeing.

而將所有人的福祉都納入考量是很重要的。

Decades ago, cinemas were not necessarily wheelchair accessible.

幾十年前，電影院不一定都適合輪椅進出。

Now, there are laws in place that mean they certainly should be.

現在有了法律規定，代表電影院都應該要有無障礙設施。

There are also initiatives such as baby and autism-friendly screenings that are helping to make cinema-going accessible to more people.

還有其他提倡措施，如嬰幼兒、自閉症患者友善影廳，讓更多人能去電影院享受觀影體驗。

But now that audiences can access the latest films, games, and even VR directly from their homes, do we still need cinemas?

但現在觀眾可以直接在家中觀看最新電影、遊戲，甚至是 VR，電影院還有必要嗎？

Covid really reminded us of how much we need each other,

新冠肺炎提醒了我們人有多需要彼此、

of how much we are social animals,

人是群居動物，

and of how it is different watching a film on your own, on your laptop

以及自己用筆電看

than going to the cinema and watching it in darkness surrounded by strangers

和去電影院，在黑暗中與其他觀眾一起觀影有多不同。

who are miraculously experiencing the same thing as you at the same time.

如同奇蹟一般，這些人與你同時經歷著一樣的體驗。

I suppose that at some point they might be superseded by an even cooler way to give us a story, 3D holograms or something.

我想，未來某個時候，電影將會被更酷的方式取代，3D 全息影像之類的。

But the idea that we would stop getting together as audiences to watch a story as a group,

但人會停止聚在一起觀賞故事的想法…

I can't see that ever disappearing as long as there are humans.

我認為只要人類存在，這就不會消失。

Cinema is the place where humans go to be reminded of what it is to be human.

電影院是個提醒著我們人類本質及樣貌的地方。