It's a drug approved by the FDA to manage type 2 diabetes.

這是一種 FDA 批准用於治療第二型糖尿病的藥物。

Maybe you've heard the jingle.

也許你聽說過這句廣告詞。

"Oh, oh, oh Ozempic."

「哦，哦，哦，胰妥讚。」

Or maybe you've seen Ozempic in the news recently for another reason.

或者最近你可能因為另一個原因在新聞中看到過胰妥讚。

"Weight loss..." "...weight loss..." "Easy weight loss." "Miracle Diet Drug."" Miracle weight loss drug."

「減肥...」「...減肥...」「輕鬆減肥。」「神奇的減肥藥。」「神奇的減肥藥。 」

And it's true.

這是事實。

Ozempic was designed to help people manage their blood sugar, but it's also proven to help people lose weight.

胰妥讚的設計目的是幫助人們控制血糖，但也被證明可以幫助減輕體重。

My doctor was like, "This is mainly for blood sugar management, but as a side effects, you will lose weight.”

我的醫生說：「這主要是用於控制血糖，但是副作用是會減輕體重。」

When I started to notice that, in the first month or so, I had dropped ten pounds, like nothing.

當我開始注意到，在第一個月左右，我減輕了十磅，什麼都沒有做。

I was like, "There's something to this."

我當時想：「這很有用耶。」

And once you learn why it works, you'll understand how this drug could completely change the way we approach weight loss.

一旦你了解為什麼它有效，就會明白這種藥物會如何完全改變我們減重的方式。

According to the latest data from the National Institutes of Health, around 42% of adults in the US are currently categorized as obese.

根據美國國家衛生研究院的最新數據，目前約有 42% 的成年人被歸類為肥胖。

The CDC's list of health risks associated with obesity include heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes - diseases that rank among the leading causes of premature death worldwide.

美國疾病管制暨預防中心列出了與肥胖相關的健康風險列表，包括心臟疾病、中風和第二型糖尿病，這些疾病在全世界都是排名前幾名的早逝原因。

Not everyone living with type 2 diabetes is considered obese, but the two are closely linked.

並非所有第二型糖尿病患者都被認為是肥胖的，但這兩者是密切相關的。

In fact, one of the leading recommendations for managing type 2 diabetes is weight loss

事實上，控制第二型糖尿病的主要建議之一就是減重。

Even a small amount of weight reduction for people with diabetes can help blood sugar management.

即使對於患有糖尿病的人而言，稍微的減重也可以幫助控制血糖。

I'm Mila Clarke. I'm 33 years old and I have a type of diabetes called Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.

我是 Mila Clarke，今年33歲，患有一種稱為成人潛伏性自體免疫糖尿病的糖尿病。

I reached out to Mila because she runs a YouTube channel, the hangry Woman, where she makes videos about living a healthy life with diabetes.

我聯繫了 Mila 是因為她經營一個 YouTube 頻道，名為《The Hangry Woman》，她在頻道中製作關於糖尿病患者健康生活的影片。

The thing that I wish that people understood more is how difficult it is to live with both diabetes and obesity.

我希望人們更了解的是，患有糖尿病和肥胖的生活是多麼困難的事情。

She's also documented her experience with Ozempic.

她還記錄了自己使用胰妥讚的經驗。

It has always been really hard for me to lose weight despite diet and exercise and paying attention to lifestyle habits.

儘管節食、運動和注重生活習慣，我在減重方面一直非常困難。

For a long time, doctors have had mixed views on how to make weight loss more accessible to help people lower their risk for illnesses like type 2 diabetes.

長期以來，醫生對如何使減重更易於接受以幫助人們降低罹患第二型糖尿病等疾病的風險一直存在著不同的觀點。

One option is weight loss medication.

一種選擇是減肥藥物。

Historically, weight loss drugs have been associated with dangerous side effects and have been pulled from the market.

從歷史上看，減肥藥一直與具有危險的副作用，因此被撤出市場。

Metabolic bariatric surgery is extremely effective for weight loss but it requires dramatic lifestyle changes that can be challenging to maintain.

代謝肥胖手術對於減重非常有效，但生活方式需要劇烈改變，這可能很難維持。

But with new diabetes drugs like Ozempic scientists have a safe and effective tool for weight loss, and it's based on something that's inside our bodies and already: Hormones.

但是，有了像胰妥讚這樣的新型糖尿病藥物，科學家們可以有安全有效的減重工具，且它是基於我們體內已經存在的荷爾蒙製作的。

Hormones are the body's messengers running from one place to another prompting certain cells into action.

荷爾蒙是身體的使者，在體內跑來跑去，促使某些細胞行動。

When we eat, our bodies produce a bunch of hormones to aid in the process of digestion.

當我們進食時，我們的身體會產生大量賀爾蒙來幫助消化的過程。

One of them is GLP-1: the hormone that tells us when we're full.

其中之一是 GLP-1，這是一種告訴我們何時已經吃飽了的賀爾蒙。

This is a sequence of amino acids that make it up.

它是由一系列氨基酸組成的。

And this is Semaglutide, the generic name for Ozempic.

這是索馬魯肽，也就是胰妥讚的通用名。

It's made to mimic GLP-1.

這是為了模仿 GLP-1 而製造出來的。

Here's why.

原因如下：

When food enters your stomach and begins to work its way through the digestive system, your body releases GLP-1 in the intestine.

當食物進入你的胃並開始穿過消化系統時，你的身體會在腸道中釋放 GLP-1。

There are receptors for GLP-1 in cells all throughout the body that serve different functions when triggered by the hormone.

身體各處的細胞都有 GLP-1 的受體，當被刺激時，這些受體會執行不同的功能。

In the pancreas, GLP-1 receptors promote the production of insulin the hormone that lowers blood sugar levels, and suppress the production of glucagon, the hormone that raises blood sugar levels.

在胰臟中，GLP-1 受體促進胰島素的產生，這種荷爾蒙能夠降低血糖，同時抑制葡萄糖原的產生，這是一種能夠提高血糖的荷爾蒙。

This is important for people with type 2 diabetes whose bodies are insulin resistant and produce very little insulin of their own.

這對於第二型糖尿病患很重要，因為他們的身體對胰島素產生抗性，自身分泌的胰島素非常少。

Synthetic insulin is a critical treatment for blood sugar management.

合成胰島素是控制血糖的重要治療方法。

And Semaglutide makes the insulin you do have, whether it's produced naturally or synthetically, work better in your body.

而索馬魯肽可以讓你體內本來就有的胰島素，不論是自然產生的還是合成的，更有效地發揮作用。

Losing excess fat can also help you become more insulin sensitive.

減少多餘的脂肪也可以幫助人體變得對胰島素敏感。

That's where GLP-1's next receptor comes in.

這就是 GLP-1 的下一個受體所起的作用。

In the stomach, GLP-1 receptors slow gastric emptying, which means food doesn't move through the digestive system as quickly and you stay fuller for longer.

在胃部，GLP-1 受體會減慢胃部排空，這代表食物不會快速通過消化系統，讓你更長時間感到飽足。

It slows the digestion of your food which overall helps with blood sugar spikes and it helps you feel fuller for longer so you don't eat as much.

它減緩食物的消化速度，代表食物不會很快地通過消化系統，讓你更長時間感到飽足，這有助於控制血糖飆升，並讓你感到更飽，因此你不會吃太多。

And maybe most importantly, at least in regard to weight loss, there are GLP-1 receptors in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus that suppress hunger cravings.

最重要的是，至少在減重方面，大腦中有 GLP-1 受體，尤其是下視丘中的受體，可以抑制因飢餓想進食的渴望。

That fuller satiety feeling for longer is really helpful.

更長時間感覺飽足真的很有幫助。

The digestive system is designed to do all of this naturally but GLP-1-based medications are made to amplify the hormone's numerous health effects.

消化系統本身就有這些功能，但 GLP-1 為基底的藥物是為了增強這種賀爾蒙對健康的多種影響而設計的。

And it works.

而且很有效。

A major clinical trial of Semaglutide in adults showed an average weight reduction of around 15% when paired with an adjusted die and exercise routine compared to a placebo group, which demonstrated a little over 2% weight reduction.

這份關於索馬魯肽的臨床試驗報告顯示，在與調整飲食和運動計劃相配合的情況下，索馬魯肽能夠使參與試驗的成年人平均減重約 15%，而與安慰劑組相比，後者的體重減少了不到 2%。

That level of effectiveness rivals the results of metabolic bariatric surgery.

這種效果強大的程度可以媲美代謝性減肥手術。

And the fact that I was able to take a once-weekly injection and then all of a sudden the pounds just dropped off.

而且我每週只需注射一次，然後突然間體重就減輕了。

I was like, "This is wild to me."

我當時想：「這對我來說太扯了。」

These drugs aren't without side effects, the most common being nausea and gastrointestinal effects like diarrhea.

這些藥物並非沒有副作用，最常見的副作用是噁心想吐和腸胃道影響，如腹瀉。

Mila initially stopped taking Ozempic because of a side effect that gave her heart palpitations.

一開始 Mila 因為副作用會讓她有心悸而停止注射胰妥讚。

But she's back on it now, and so far, so good.

但現在她已經重新開始注射，至今為止，狀況良好。

My blood sugars are great.

我的血糖狀況很好。

I'm having an easier time losing weight and I've amped up my exercise and being outdoors and hiking and running and walking.

我現在比較容易減重，也增加了運動量和戶外活動，去爬山、跑步和散步等。

And you still have to do all of the other things that everyone has to do to be able to lose weight.

還是需要做一些其他人想減重時都需要做的事情。

It just makes it a little bit easier, but it's helping me so much with my diabetes management.

它只是讓減重變得稍微容易一點，但它對我控制糖尿病幫助很大。

The number of prescriptions of Semaglutide has risen dramatically since becoming available in late 2017.

自 2017 年底上市以來，索馬魯肽的處方數量已大幅增加。

And in 2021, the FDA approved Semaglutide to be prescribed at a higher dose for weight management specifically branded under the name Wegovy.

2021 年，FDA 批准索馬魯肽以更高的劑量用於特定的體重管理，並以 Wegovy 的品牌名稱進行推廣。

It was big news and led to this drug getting a lot of attention sort of all at once.

這是一個重要的消息，讓這種藥物突然受到很多關注。

The messaging started to center more around weight loss than it did diabetes which is unfortunate for people with diabetes and people living with obesity.

訊息焦點開始更著重於減重，而非糖尿病，這對於糖尿病患者和肥胖症患者來說是不幸的。

There are these two groups of people who really need this drug for health purposes but it's being trivialized and kind of looked at as like "Oh, this is an easy weight loss solution"

有這兩個需要這種藥物維持健康的群體，但它被輕描淡寫成「一種簡單的減肥解決方案」，這很令人遺憾。

There are solutions in place now to deal with the sudden high demand for these drugs for people who need them.

現在已經有應對需要這些藥物的人需求突然飆升的解決方案。

Mounjaro, another medication developed specifically for type 2 diabetes is currently being fast-tracked for approval by the FDA to be prescribed for weight loss too.

Mounjaro 是另一種專為第二型糖尿病患者開發的藥物，目前正在加速審批過程，以便於被 FDA 核准可以用於減重。

Now that Ozempic's notoriety helps Semaglutide go mainstream, it and drugs like it will only become more commonly prescribed for weight management.

現在，胰妥讚的知名度幫助索馬魯肽成為主流，這種藥物及類似的藥物只會越來越常被開立於治療體重管理。

It's not as simple as "Take this injection and you won't be living with obesity anymore." or "You'll reverse your diabetes."

這並不是「打這個針你就永遠沒有肥胖」或是「你會逆轉糖尿病」這麼簡單就可以解決的。

But as a community, we get really excited to see innovations happen and tools that can mak our lives a little easier and that can cause less diabetes burnout and helps you think about diabetes less.

但身為這個群體，我們非常興奮看到創新發生，以及那些可以讓我們的生活變得更輕鬆，可以減少糖尿病的疲憊感，並幫助你可以不用為糖尿病如此煩惱的工具被創造出來。

It's one of those things that I think all of us want to protect at all costs.

這是我認為我們所有人都想不惜一切代價來保護的東西。