In ancient Greece, Hippocrates, who will soon be known as the father of medicine is thinking deeply about an important question.

在古希臘，即將被稱為醫學之父的希波克拉底正在深入思考一個重要問題。

Why do people behave like they do?

為什麼人們會有這樣的行為？

What makes us who we are?

是什麼使我們成為我們自己？

Since he was a physician, his first instinct was to look at the body for an answer.

由於他是一名醫生，他的第一直覺是通過觀察身體來尋找答案。

And that's when he got the idea.

就在這時，他有了這個想法。

Human behavior is caused by four fluids in the body.

人類的行為是由體內的四種液體引起的。

He called those fluids humors, blood, yellow bile, black bile and flim.

他稱這些液體為體液、血液、黃膽、黑膽和皮脂。

A few centuries later, a fellow physician named Galen was intrigued by Hippocrates ideas.

幾個世紀後，一位名叫蓋倫的醫生同行對希波克拉底的想法很感興趣。

So he built up on it and proposed the first categorization of human behavior and temperament.

是以，他在此基礎上提出了人類行為和氣質的第一個分類法。

He believed the four fluids affected the person's behavior, creating four types of temperament, choleric, melancholic, sanguine and phlegmatic.

他認為四種液體會影響人的行為，形成四種類型的氣質，即膽汁質、憂鬱質、桑格質和痰質。

Are you interested to hear what ancient doctors would say about your personality, which of the four temperaments are you keep watching to find out Number one coal eric, a choleric temperament corresponds to the fluid of yellow bile choleric.

你是否有興趣聽聽古代醫生會怎麼說你的性格，你是四種氣質中的哪一種，繼續看下去就會發現一號煤埃裡克，膽汁質的氣質對應於黃膽汁的液體膽汁質。

People are described as angry, tense, and hotheaded.

人們被描述為憤怒、緊張和頭腦發熱。

They're constantly searching for excitement and success, which can make them easily annoyed and controlling.

他們不斷地尋找刺激和成功，這可能使他們容易惱怒和控制。

They like it when things are going their way and may seem opinionated to others.

他們喜歡事情按自己的方式進行，在別人看來可能是有意見的。

According to some new research coal Eriks can also be highly emotional.

根據一些新的研究，煤埃裡克斯也可能是高度情緒化的。

A 2022 research papers studied Chinese students and how they adapted to online learning.

有2022篇研究論文研究了中國學生以及他們如何適應在線學習。

Researchers found that students with a Kolarik temperament were sensitive and prone to fluctuating emotions.

研究人員發現，具有科拉里克氣質的學生很敏感，容易出現波動的情緒。

They seemed to be affected by changes and had a harder time adopting to online learning environments.

他們似乎受到變化的影響，更難適應在線學習環境。

But those with a choleric temperament have their positive sides to they are result oriented, active and positive.

但膽汁質的人也有其積極的一面，他們以結果為導向，活躍而積極。

They are not afraid of any obstacles coming their way.

他們不懼怕任何障礙的到來。

They show great confidence and strive for independence.

他們表現出極大的自信，並努力爭取獨立。

Other people may be impressed by clerics, quick thinking and strong willpower.

其他人可能會對神職人員、快速的思維和強大的意志力印象深刻。

Risk taking is something they enjoy and they can't stand when things are moving too slow.

承擔風險是他們喜歡的事情，他們不能忍受事情進展太慢。

Number two, melancholic melancholic is the personality of an individual characterized by black bile.

第二，憂鬱症 憂鬱症是以黑色膽汁為特徵的個人性格。

Melancholic are extremely introverted and prefer to have just one or two close friends.

憂鬱症患者極其內向，喜歡只有一兩個親密的朋友。

They are very thoughtful and considerate, which actually makes people like them melancholic personalities are artistic souls.

他們非常體貼和周到，這實際上使人們喜歡他們憂鬱的個性是藝術的靈魂。

They pour their hearts out in poetry, paintings or music even though they're very talented, they're also perfectionists and often find flaws within their work and themselves as the word melancholic suggests, they can be pretty sensitive, sometimes they get overwhelmed with the tragedies of the world due to this emotional nature, they are prone to depression or anxiety.

他們在詩歌、繪畫或音樂中傾吐心聲，即使他們很有天賦，他們也是完美主義者，經常在他們的作品和自己身上發現缺陷，正如憂鬱這個詞所暗示的那樣，他們可能相當敏感，有時由於這種情緒化的特點，他們會被世界上的悲劇所淹沒，他們很容易出現抑鬱或焦慮。

A paper published in the Journal of affective disorders suggests that the melancholic temperament might also play a role in bipolar disorder.

發表在《情感障礙雜誌》上的一篇論文表明，憂鬱的氣質也可能在雙相情感障礙中起作用。

Number three, sanguine blood is the sanguine main body fluid.

第三，桑基血是桑基的主要體液。

People with a sanguine personality type tend to be lively, optimistic and carefree.

具有先鋒派性格的人往往是活潑、樂觀和無憂無慮的。

They are the first to start a conversation or shake your hand their glass is always half full.

他們是第一個開始談話或與你握手的人，他們的杯子總是半滿。

They prefer to see the bright side of life and live to the fullest, they have a great sense of humor and love to make others laugh, but because they love having fun so much, they are typically poor at tolerating boredom and will seek variety and entertainment.

他們喜歡看到生活中光明的一面，活得很充實，他們有很強的幽默感，喜歡逗別人笑，但由於他們非常喜歡找樂子，所以他們通常不善於忍受無聊，會尋求多樣性和娛樂。

Unfortunately, this trait can sometimes negatively affect their romantic and other relationships.

不幸的是，這種特質有時會對他們的戀愛和其他關係產生負面影響。

They also tend to seek attention and need constant reassurance from others.

他們還傾向於尋求關注，並需要別人不斷地給予保證。

This temperament type is very similar to a certain personality trait that is being researched today.

這種氣質類型與今天正在研究的某種人格特質非常相似。

Do you know which trait that is hint if you're not sure, check out this video?

你知道這是哪種特質嗎？如果你不確定，請看這個視頻。

To find out This video is made for educational purposes only.

欲知詳情 本視頻僅用於教育目的。

It's meant to be a fun way for you to learn a bit about the history of personality psychology.

它的目的是讓你以一種有趣的方式瞭解一下人格心理學的歷史。

It's not meant to assess your personality or make any diagnosis.

這不是為了評估你的個性或做出任何診斷。

Only a licensed psychologist can truly assess your personality so please don't take this too seriously.

只有有執照的心理學家才能真正評估你的個性，所以請不要把這個問題看得太嚴重。

# four, flow Matic flame is a fluid that influences the behavior of a phlegmatic.

# 四，流動的馬蒂奇火焰是一種影響痰盂行為的流體。

A flow Matic is best described as a people person.

A流馬蒂奇最好被描述為一個人。

These people seek close relationships and are often loyal spouses and loving parents.

這些人尋求密切的關係，往往是忠誠的配偶和慈愛的父母。

People with phlegmatic temperaments tend to avoid conflict at all costs.

痰溼氣質的人傾向於不惜一切代價避免衝突。

They believe a good life is a peaceful life.

他們相信美好的生活是一種和平的生活。

They're very much into charity in helping others and they make great nurses, psychologists or social workers, telematics are almost always chill and relaxed, but that's not always a positive trait.

他們非常喜歡幫助別人的慈善事業，他們是很好的護士、心理學家或社會工作者，遠程信息員幾乎總是冷靜和放鬆的，但這並不總是一個積極的特徵。

They can often be apathetic and sluggish.

他們往往可能是冷漠和遲鈍的。

They may seem like nothing bothers them much like they're not really interested in things that are happening around them.

他們可能看起來沒有什麼事情困擾著他們，就像他們對周圍發生的事情不感興趣。

A 2019 study shows that a person with this temperament can actually be a great driver.

2019年的一項研究表明，具有這種氣質的人實際上可以成為一名出色的司機。

Researchers found that flow Matic drivers have a low heart rate and low arousal level while driving.

研究人員發現，流馬特司機在駕駛時的心率和喚醒水準都很低。

This means that in contrast with other temperaments, they rarely get road rage.

這意味著與其他性情的人相比，他們很少會有路怒症。

It's also been found the flow.

也有人發現了流。

Matics have a higher tolerance for relatively simple and monotonous tasks because of that, they rarely engage in risky driving behavior.

馬特人對相對簡單和單調的任務有較高的容忍度，因為如此，他們很少有危險的駕駛行為。

So what do you think which temperament describes you best?

那麼你認為哪種氣質最能描述你呢？

The personality research doesn't stop in ancient Greece.

人格研究並沒有在古希臘停止。

Many modern theories have tried to expand upon what Hippocrates and Galen thought of.

許多現代理論都試圖在希波克拉底和蓋倫所想的基礎上進行擴展。

Would you get the same results on Myers, Briggs personality types or even Big Five traits.

你會不會在邁爾斯、布里格斯人格類型甚至大五人格特徵上得到同樣的結果。