strategies out there, it can be overwhelming to decide which ones to use.

有很多策略，要決定使用哪些策略可能會讓人不知所措。

Here are some tips and strategies to help you take better notes this year.

這裡有一些提示和策略，幫助你在今年更好地做筆記。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

Jubbal博士，MedSchoolInsiders.com。

This video is sponsored by Slid.

本視頻由Slid贊助。

More on them later.

稍後會有更多關於他們的資訊。

The first thing to consider is whether to handwrite or type your notes.

首先要考慮的是，是手寫還是打字的筆記。

Although some people will tell you that one approach is inherently better than the other,

儘管有些人會告訴你，一種方法本來就比另一種好。

the answer isn’t black and white.

答案並不是黑白分明的。

Much of the research concerning handwritten vs typed notes is observational, meaning the

許多關於手寫與打字筆記的研究都是觀察性的，這意味著

researchers ask students how they take notes and compare it to their performance on tests

研究人員詢問學生如何做筆記，並將其與他們的考試成績進行比較

or other examinations.

或其他考試。

They use this data to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of each note-taking strategy.

他們利用這些數據對每種記筆記策略的有效性做出結論。

The problem is that there are numerous variables that go into academic performance beyond handwriting

問題是，除了筆跡之外，還有許多影響學習成績的可變因素

or typing your notes that need to be controlled for.

或打出你的筆記，需要控制的。

There are your specific note-taking strategies, how you review your notes, and the other study

有你具體的記筆記策略，你如何複習你的筆記，以及其他的學習方法。

strategies you employ, among others.

你所採用的戰略，除此之外。

Of the studies that use experimental designs, the consensus seems to be that there is no

在使用實驗設計的研究中，人們似乎一致認為沒有

significant difference between handwritten vs typed note-taking strategies.

手寫與打字的筆記策略之間存在明顯差異。

There is no one-size-fits-all solution.

沒有一個放之四海而皆準的解決方案。

Whether you should write or type your notes will depend on many factors, so let’s discuss

你應該寫還是打筆記取決於許多因素，所以我們來討論一下

some of the pros and cons of each method.

每種方法的一些優點和缺點。

On the one hand, handwriting your notes forces you to slow down and focus on what you’re

一方面，手寫筆記迫使你放慢腳步，專注於你的工作。

writing.

寫作。

It is estimated that the average person writes at a speed of approximately 20 words per minute

據估計，普通人的寫作速度大約為每分鐘20個字。

whereas the average teacher talks at about 170 words per minute.

而普通教師的說話速度約為每分鐘170字。

There’s simply not enough time to write down every single word.

根本沒有足夠的時間來寫下每一個字。

Instead, you have to filter out the most important details and consolidate the information being

相反，你必須過濾出最重要的細節，並整合正在進行的資訊。

presented to you.

呈現給你。

This process of taking in information, condensing it, and physically writing it down takes more

這個吸收資訊、濃縮資訊和實際寫下資訊的過程需要更多的時間。

mental energy than copying notes verbatim.

比起逐字逐句地抄寫筆記，更有精神能量。

This means that you’re often more engaged in the lecture and spend more time critically

這意味著你通常會更多地參與到講座中，並花更多的時間進行批判性思考。

thinking about the material.

對材料的思考。

Handwriting notes also lets you be more creative with the organization.

手寫筆記還能讓你在組織上更有創意。

You can make quick sketches or diagrams, draw arrows to connect ideas, and write comments

你可以快速畫草圖或圖表，畫箭頭來連接想法，並寫下評論

in the margins.

在空白處。

You have full control over the layout.

你可以完全控制佈局。

As we’ve said before on this channel, sometimes the best learning is messy.

正如我們以前在這個頻道所說的，有時最好的學習是混亂的。

Handwriting your notes provides fewer restraints and less structure, allowing you to write

手寫筆記提供了更少的約束和更少的結構，使你能夠書寫

your notes in a way that makes sense to you.

你的筆記以一種對你有意義的方式。

In contrast, the biggest advantage to typing your notes is speed.

相比之下，打筆記的最大優勢是速度。

Whereas the average person writes at a speed of about 20 words per minute, the average

而普通人的寫作速度約為每分鐘20個字，而平均

person can type at a speed of 40 words per minute with some people exceeding 100-150

一個人可以以每分鐘40個字的速度打字，有些人超過100-150字。

words per minute.

每分鐘的字數。

That’s anywhere from 2 to 8 times the speed of writing notes by hand.

這是手寫筆記速度的2到8倍。

For this reason, simply switching to typing your notes can save you a substantial amount

出於這個原因，簡單地改用打字的方式來做筆記可以為你節省大量的時間。

of time.

的時間。

This speed does come with some downsides, however.

然而，這種速度確實有一些缺點。

Typing quickly comes with the risk of mindlessly copying notes verbatim rather than paying

快速打字伴隨著無意識地逐字抄寫筆記的風險，而不是付出代價。

attention to the content, processing the information, and summarizing it into more concise notes.

注意內容，處理資訊，並將其總結成更簡潔的筆記。

In addition to handwriting and typing your notes, there are hybrid forms of note-taking

除了手寫和打字之外，還有一些混合形式的記事本

such as writing your notes on a tablet or handwriting your notes on slides.

如在平板電腦上寫筆記或在幻燈片上手寫筆記。

These strategies have many of the benefits of both handwriting and typing your notes;

這些策略有許多手寫和打字筆記的好處。

however, they also have their own downsides.

然而，它們也有自己的缺點。

On the one hand, you gain the benefits of physically writing your notes and having to

一方面，你獲得了親手寫筆記的好處，而且不得不

think more critically about what you write.

對你所寫的東西進行更嚴格的思考。

On the other hand, because much of the information is already present on the slides, you may

另一方面，由於許多資訊已經存在於幻燈片上，你可以

be more likely to get distracted and lose interest.

更有可能分心並失去興趣。

Which note-taking strategy you choose will depend on a few factors.

你選擇哪種記筆記的策略取決於幾個因素。

For instance, if you type substantially faster than you write, it may be a good idea to type

例如，如果你打字的速度大大快於你的寫作速度，那麼打字可能是一個好主意

your notes and use the time you save to do more active methods of studying.

你的筆記，並利用你節省的時間做更積極的學習方法。

But if you type almost as slowly as you write, it may be more beneficial to handwrite your

但如果你打字的速度幾乎和你寫的一樣慢，那麼手寫你的文章可能更有好處。

notes as it may help you retain information better in the long term given the more active

筆記，因為從長遠來看，它可能會幫助你更好地保留資訊，因為更多的是主動的。

mental processing required for writing over typing.

寫作比打字更需要心理處理。

The note-taking strategy you should use will also depend on your professor.

你應該使用的筆記策略也將取決於你的教授。

If you have an instructor that goes through their notes quickly without giving you time

如果你有一個快速瀏覽他們的筆記而不給你時間的老師

to write things down, typing your notes may be more effective.

寫下的東西，打出你的筆記可能更有效。

If you’re taking a class that is more concept-heavy and moves at a slower pace, writing notes

如果你上的是概念較多、進度較慢的課，寫筆記

may allow you to better organize the information in a way that lets you see the big picture

可以讓你更好地組織資訊，讓你看到大局。

and understand those concepts at a deeper level.

並在更深層次上理解這些概念。

Another factor to consider is whether you’re attending lectures in person or virtually.

另一個需要考慮的因素是，你是親自聽課還是虛擬聽課。

The time spent at in-person lectures is fixed, meaning your goal should be to cram the most

親自聽課的時間是固定的，這意味著你的目標應該是將最多的時間花在學習上。

amount of learning into that period of time.

在這段時間裡，學習的量是很大的。

In contrast, your time spent going through virtual lectures is not fixed, meaning you

相比之下，你通過虛擬講座的時間是不固定的，這意味著你

can go through them at 1.5 or 2x speed and spend the remainder of your time using active

你可以以1.5或2倍的速度通過它們，並在剩餘的時間裡使用主動的

forms of studying.

學習的形式。

This brings me to the sponsor of today’s video: Slid.

這使我想到了今天視頻的贊助商。Slid。

Slid is a note-taking app available for your browser, desktop, and mobile device that allows

Slid是一款可在瀏覽器、桌面和移動設備上使用的記事應用程序，它允許

you to seamlessly take notes while watching videos or lectures.

你可以在觀看視頻或講座時無縫地做筆記。

It’s a great tool for students who attend online classes or enjoy reviewing content

對於參加在線課程或喜歡複習內容的學生來說，這是一個偉大的工具。

through videos.

通過視頻。

The process of taking notes from videos has always been tedious.

從視頻中做筆記的過程一直都很乏味。

You have to open a word processing app, pause the video, take a screenshot, paste it into

你必須打開一個文字處理應用程序，暫停視頻，拍下螢幕截圖，將其粘貼到

your notes, type, and so on.

你的筆記，類型，等等。

With Slid, you can easily take screenshot notes while watching online lectures or videos

有了Slid，你可以在觀看在線講座或視頻時輕鬆地進行截圖記錄。

with just one click.

只需點擊一下就可以了。

Slid also makes it easy to mark and annotate the images giving you the benefits of both

Slid還可以輕鬆地對影像進行標記和註釋，使您同時獲得這兩方面的好處。

handwriting and typing your notes.

手寫和打出你的筆記。

And every screenshot is automatically time-stamped, allowing you to easily review sections of

而且每張螢幕截圖都會自動加上時間戳，讓你可以輕鬆地回顧以下部分內容

the video later.

後來的視頻。

All of your notes are safely managed by Slid so that you can review them from anywhere.

你所有的筆記都由Slid安全管理，這樣你就可以從任何地方查看它們。

Whether you’re at your desktop or on the go, Slid’s mobile app is clear and easy

無論你是在桌面上還是在路上，Slid的移動應用程序都很清晰和簡單。

to navigate.

來導航。

And if you want to share your notes with a friend or classmate, Slid also makes it easy

如果你想與朋友或同學分享你的筆記，Slid也能讓你輕鬆搞定

to share the link to the notes and the original video.

來分享筆記和原始視頻的鏈接。

To download Slid and start optimizing your online note-taking, check out the link in

要下載Slid並開始優化你的在線記事，請查看以下鏈接

the description.

的描述。

Thank you to Slid for sponsoring this video.

感謝Slid公司對這一視頻的贊助。

Now that we’ve covered how to decide if you should write or type your notes, let’s

現在我們已經介紹瞭如何決定你應該寫還是打你的筆記，讓我們看看

discuss the different note-taking methods.

討論不同的記筆記方法。

There are two general types of note-taking: linear and nonlinear.

一般有兩種記筆記的方式：線性和非線性。

In linear note-taking, you move in sequential order, from the start of the topic to the

在線性筆記中，你按順序移動，從主題的開始到結束。

end of the topic.

主題結束。

This is typically how university lectures are structured.

這通常是大學講座的結構方式。

In contrast, the goal of non-linear note taking is to create connections between pieces of

相比之下，非線性筆記的目標是在片段之間建立聯繫。

related information.

相關資訊。

By challenging yourself to make connections, you end up with a better understanding of

通過挑戰自己來建立聯繫，你最終會對以下方面有更好的理解

how concepts and information relate to each other which often lead to a much deeper level

概念和資訊是如何相互聯繫的，這往往會導致更深層次的問題

of understanding.

的理解。

Linear methods of note-taking, such as the outline method and the Cornell method, are

線性的筆記方法，如提綱法和康奈爾法，是

what most people are familiar with.

大多數人所熟悉的。

For a comprehensive breakdown of each of these methods, be sure to check out my previous

關於這些方法的全面細分，請務必查看我之前的

How to Take Notes video - link in the description.

如何做筆記的視頻--描述中的鏈接。

As a refresher, in the Cornell method, you divide your page into parts.

作為複習，在康奈爾方法中，你把你的頁面抽成幾個部分。

On the left side, you write down keywords or questions that you then use to quiz yourself

在左邊，你寫下關鍵詞或問題，然後用它們來測驗自己。

later.

後來。

On the right side, you take your notes in a traditional nested outline format.

在右邊，你以傳統的嵌套式大綱格式記下你的筆記。

Then, once you’re done with your notes, you write a summary of the information at

然後，一旦你完成了你的筆記，你就寫一份資訊摘要，在

the bottom of the page.

處於頁面底部。

In contrast, in the outline method, you start with a main topic or idea.

相比之下，在大綱法中，你從一個主要話題或想法開始。

Then you create sub-topics related to that idea and nest it with an indent.

然後你創建與該想法相關的子主題，並用縮進的方式嵌套。

Any supporting facts of that sub-topic are then nested a point further.

該子主題的任何支持性事實都會再嵌套一個點。

This allows for a clean, organized, and straightforward way to compile the information from class.

這樣就可以用一種乾淨、有組織、直接的方式來彙編班級的資訊。

Mind mapping is another technique that you can use to take notes.

心智圖譜是另一種你可以用來做筆記的技巧。

To mind map, you identify the main concepts of the topic you’re trying to study, plot

在思維導圖中，你要確定你要研究的主題的主要概念，繪製出

them on the page, and group them in a way that fits together logically.

他們在頁面上，並以符合邏輯的方式將他們分組。

You should think about how the key terms relate and what kind of relationship they have.

你應該想一想這些關鍵術語是如何關聯的，它們之間有什麼樣的關係。

Can you compare and contrast them?

你能對它們進行比較和對照嗎？

Are they related via cause and effect?

它們是否通過因果關係而相關？

Or are they both parts of a greater idea or process?

或者它們都是一個更大的想法或過程的一部分？

Forming a mind map about everything related to a topic on one canvas can help you organize

在一張畫布上形成與某一主題有關的所有內容的思維導圖，可以幫助你組織

your topic into a two-dimensional structure and can help with both memorization and understanding.

你的主題是一個二維的結構，可以幫助記憶和理解。

Instead of having to read through several paragraphs of information, mindmaps organize

與其說是閱讀幾段資訊，不如說是通過思維導圖來組織

the most important information on one page.

將最重要的資訊放在一頁上。

They provide you with a broad overview of the topic and help you make connections between

它們為你提供了一個關於該主題的廣泛概述，並幫助你在以下方面建立聯繫

different ideas and information – and making connections is integral to learning.

不同的想法和資訊--建立聯繫是學習的組成部分。

Which technique you should use will depend on the type of information you’re trying

你應該使用哪種技術將取決於你所嘗試的資訊的類型

to learn and how you’ll be assessed.

學習和如何評估你。

Experiment and find what works best for you.

實驗並找到最適合你的方法。

Another point I want to discuss is creating aesthetic notes.

我想討論的另一點是創造美學筆記。

You’ll often see social media influencers with perfect organization, immaculate handwriting,

你會經常看到社交媒體的影響者有完美的組織，無暇的筆跡。

and precise color themes on their notes without a stray mark.

和精確的顏色主題，在他們的筆記上沒有一個雜亂的標記。

But is there value in doing this?

但這樣做有價值嗎？

On the one hand, creating organized and aesthetically pleasing notes can aid in learning.

一方面，創建有組織、有美感的筆記可以幫助學習。

Using colors has been shown to improve memory by increasing attention and arousal.

使用顏色已被證明可以通過增加註意力和喚醒來改善記憶。

Color coding your notes can also provide you with a clear system to group together similar

對你的筆記進行顏色編碼，也可以為你提供一個清晰的系統，將類似的筆記歸為一類。

topics and ideas which can further improve memory.

可以進一步提高記憶力的話題和想法。

Slowing down the pace of your note-taking and including detailed visuals can also be

放慢你做筆記的速度，包括詳細的視覺效果，也可以是

valuable.

價值連城。

For certain subjects, especially those that are more concept or process-heavy, drawing

對於某些科目，特別是那些概念或過程較多的科目，繪畫

diagrams can be an incredibly useful tool to help you understand the material.

圖表可以是一個非常有用的工具，幫助你理解材料。

The biggest drawback of making visually appealing notes, however, is time.

然而，製作視覺上吸引人的筆記的最大缺點是時間。

Instead of spending that time on note-taking, which is often a more passive form of learning,

而不是把這些時間花在記筆記上，這往往是一種更被動的學習方式。

you could spend it on active learning techniques such as flashcards and practice questions

你可以把錢花在主動學習技術上，如抽認卡和練習題。

which are more effective.

哪些是更有效的。

In addition, if you’re more concerned with the appearance of your notes than the content

此外，如果你更關心你的筆記的外觀而不是內容

itself, you may not be actively listening to and engaging with the content as much as

本身，你可能沒有積極聽取和參與內容，因為

you would otherwise.

否則，你會。

This brings me to my last point which is to keep your note-taking simple and to the point.

這使我想到了最後一點，即保持你的筆記簡單而有針對性。

When you’re starting your note-taking journey and researching the various techniques you

當你開始你的筆記之旅，並研究各種技巧時，你會發現，你的筆記是非常重要的。

can use, it can start to feel overwhelming.

可以使用，它可以開始感覺到壓倒性的優勢。

You may be tempted to use every technique and rewrite your notes in multiple different

你可能很想使用每一種技巧，用多種不同的方式重寫你的筆記。

ways.

方式。

But using too many techniques can actually be counterproductive.

但是，使用過多的技巧實際上可能會產生反作用。

If you spend all of your time trying to reformat your notes in different ways, you risk becoming

如果你把所有的時間都花在試圖以不同的方式重新編排你的筆記上，你有可能變得

so focused on the organization and aesthetics of your notes that you aren’t paying attention

專注於筆記的組織和美學，以至於沒有注意到

to the content.

到的內容。

Instead, consider the subject, professor, and your learning preference and choose a

相反，考慮學科、教授和你的學習偏好，選擇一個

note-taking strategy that works well for that given situation.

在這種情況下，可以採取有效的記筆記策略。

Note-taking is a skill that takes time to develop and everyone learns differently, so

記筆記是一項需要時間培養的技能，每個人的學習方式都不同，所以

you need to discover what techniques are right for you.

你需要發現什麼技術是適合你的。

Thank you all so much for watching.

非常感謝大家的觀看。

If you enjoyed this video, be sure to check out Why You’re Not a Straight-A Student

如果你喜歡這個視頻，請務必查看《為什麼你不是一個全優學生》。

(& How to Become One) or this other video.

(以及如何成為一個人）或這個其他視頻。

Much love, and I’ll see you guys there.

非常感謝，我們會在那裡見到你們。