Name: 社會智力。在社會上取得成功的5種心理天賦 (Social Intelligence: 5 Mental Gifts to Succeed in Society)
Uploaded: 2022-12-26T18:40:22.000Z
Duration: 5 min 31 s

On February 22, 2022, a car crash in Chicago escalated when one of the two drivers pulled

2022年2月22日，芝加哥的一場車禍升級，兩名司機中的一人拉著

一把槍，射中了另一個人的腿。

While we don't know much about the suspect, we can assume that she had, at that instant,

雖然我們對嫌疑人瞭解不多，但我們可以假設，在那一瞬間，她已經。

limited capacity for sympathy, self-awareness, empathy, meta-cognition and theory of mind.

同情、自我意識、移情、元認知和思維理論的能力有限。

In short, she could have lacked social intelligence and misinterpreted the incident as a deliberate

簡而言之，她可能缺乏社會智慧，把事件誤解為故意的

Social intelligence is the capacity to know oneself and to know others — sometimes referred

社會智能是指了解自己和了解他人的能力--有時指的是

to as "tact", "common sense", or "street smarts".

被稱為 "策略"、"常識 "或 "街頭智慧"。

It's an innate human trait of neurotypical minds, that gets refined through experience

這是神經質的人與生俱來的特徵，通過經驗得到完善。

with people, and learning from success and failure in social settings.

與人交往，並從社會環境中的成功和失敗中學習。

Five distinct cognitive skills are at its core.

五種不同的認知技能是其核心。

Sympathy is our tendency to feel with others.

同情是我們與他人產生感情的傾向。

Parents naturally sympathize with their child.

And babies experience stress when their mothers are sad.

而當他們的母親悲傷時，嬰兒會經歷壓力。

As we grow up, most of us show a lot of sympathy for our family, some for our close circle

在我們成長的過程中，我們大多數人對我們的家庭表現出很多同情，有些人對我們的親密圈子表示同情

朋友之間的關係，而對陌生人則較少。

Self-awareness is the ability to understand our feelings.Toddlers that indicate they are

自我意識是理解我們感受的能力。

If they throw tantrums, it's often because they don't understand their emotions.

如果他們發脾氣，往往是因為他們不瞭解自己的情緒。

Although some are explicitly told not to express what they feel.

儘管有些人被明確告知不要表達他們的感受。

As we get older we gain better self-awareness.

隨著我們年齡的增長，我們獲得了更好的自我意識。

Some people remain confused by their feelings because they have learned to suppress them.

有些人仍然對自己的感覺感到困惑，因為他們已經學會了壓制它們。

Empathy is our ability to understand what others are feeling.

同理心是我們理解他人感受的能力。

Some children begin to show empathy as early as kindergarten.

有些孩子早在幼兒園就開始表現出同情心。

Others seem to lack this ability even when they are far older.

另一些人似乎缺乏這種能力，即使他們已經年長很多。

Through years of social experiences we can refine our empathy.

通過多年的社會經驗，我們可以完善我們的同理心。

But those who never quite learned to understand their own emotions, may also never learn to

但那些從未完全學會理解自己的情緒的人，也可能永遠無法學會

Metacognition is an awareness of one's own thought processes.

元認知是對自己的思維過程的一種認識。

At age 4 most children display the first forms of metacognitive skills when they begin to

4歲時，大多數兒童開始顯示元認知技能的最初形式，他們開始

show what they know and what they don't know.

顯示他們知道什麼和不知道什麼。

Soon after they learn to assess their level of confidence in their own knowledge.

不久之後，他們就學會了評估自己對自己的知識的自信程度。

As adults, many of us get to know our brain and learn that one of its jobs is to bring

成年後，我們中的許多人開始瞭解自己的大腦，並瞭解到它的工作之一是把

order to an inherently chaotic world of fact and fiction.

在一個固有的混亂的事實和虛構的世界中建立秩序。

Some, however, get trapped in the stories and lies they tell themselves to be true.

然而，有些人被困在他們告訴自己是真的故事和謊言中。

They don't see that their minds can get stuck in a web of biases.

他們沒有看到，他們的思想會陷入偏見的網絡中。

They remain unaware that they may be wrong about certain assumptions.

他們仍然沒有意識到，他們的某些假設可能是錯誤的。

Theory of mind is our ability to understand what others know and how they think.

心智理論是我們理解他人所知道的和他們如何思考的能力。

Children start to demonstrate theory of mind around the age of 6.

兒童在6歲左右開始展示心智理論。

They then realize that others may have different information, and as a result draw different

然後他們意識到，其他人可能有不同的資訊，並是以得出不同的結論。

As adults, theory of mind allows us to understand another person's perspective and their pattern

作為成年人，心智理論使我們能夠理解另一個人的觀點和他們的模式。

Which makes it a powerful skill for influencing others.

這使得它成為影響他人的強大技能。

So sympathy, and self-awareness help us to understand our emotions and meta-cognition

所以，同情心，和自我意識有助於我們理解我們的情緒和元認知

They provide us with knowledge about ourselves.

它們為我們提供了關於自己的知識。

Empathy allows us to appreciate what others feel and theory of mind what goes on in their

同理心使我們能夠體會到別人的感受，以及他們的思想理論。

heads: they allow us to understand others.

頭：它們使我們能夠理解他人。

Social intelligence is always formed within a particular culture, which means we might

社會智能總是在特定的文化中形成的，這意味著我們可能會

be clueless when put into a new social setting.

當被放到一個新的社會環境中時，會毫無頭緒。

So while all 5 aspects are universally present, they need to be refined for each particular

是以，雖然這5個方面都是普遍存在的，但它們需要針對每個特定的情況加以完善。

Animals, by the way, show sympathy and empathy.

順便說一句，動物會表現出同情心和同理心。

Chimps even show a rudimentary ability for theory of mind.

黑猩猩甚至顯示出一種初級的思維理論能力。

Humans, however, are the most socially intelligent of all species.

然而，人類是所有物種中最具社會智能的。

Where does our high social intelligence come from and how could we develop the five traits

我們的高社會智能從何而來，我們如何能發展出這五種特質？

further to increase our understanding of each other?

進一步增加我們對彼此的瞭解？

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社會智力。在社會上取得成功的5種心理天賦 (Social Intelligence: 5 Mental Gifts to Succeed in Society)

perspective

cognitive

stick

assume