If your answer is anything other than “none of the above,” you may want to reconsider

如果你的答案不是 "以上都不是"，你可能想重新考慮一下

your views on learning.

你對學習的看法。

Here’s why.

原因就在這裡。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

Jubbal博士，MedSchoolInsiders.com。

The idea behind learning styles is that everyone has their own preferred method of learning

學習風格背後的理念是，每個人都有自己喜歡的學習方法

and that by leaning into this preference, you can learn more effectively.

並認為通過向這種偏好傾斜，你可以更有效地學習。

There are various theories to describe learning styles, each with its own categorizations;

有各種理論來描述學習風格，每個理論都有自己的分類。

however, the most common is the VARK model.

然而，最常見的是VARK模型。

This theory describes four different learning styles: visual, auditory, reading and writing,

這一理論描述了四種不同的學習風格：視覺、聽覺、閱讀和寫作。

and kinesthetic - hence the name VARK.

和運動學--是以被稱為VARK。

Based on the theory, visual learners learn best when information is presented in the

根據這一理論，視覺學習者在資訊被呈現出來時學習效果最好。

form of diagrams, charts, graphs, and pictures.

圖、圖表、圖形和圖片的形式。

Auditory learners learn best when information is presented in the form of lectures or group

當資訊以講座或小組形式呈現時，聽覺型學習者的學習效果最好。

discussions.

討論。

Reading and writing learners learn best when information is presented in the form of textbooks,

當資訊以教科書的形式呈現時，閱讀和寫作學習者學習效果最好。

lecture notes, or articles.

講座筆記，或文章。

And kinesthetic learners learn best through experience - either through concrete personal

而動覺型學習者最好通過經驗來學習--通過具體的個人經驗來學習。

experiences, examples, practice, or simulation.

經驗、例子、實踐或模擬。

Intuitively, this theory makes a lot of sense.

直觀地說，這個理論很有意義。

It goes along with the deeply rooted belief that everyone is unique and has their own

它伴隨著根深蒂固的信念，即每個人都是獨特的，有自己的

strengths and weaknesses.

優勢和劣勢。

Some people enjoy reading and writing.

有些人喜歡閱讀和寫作。

Others enjoy working with their hands.

其他人則喜歡用他們的雙手工作。

It would make sense then that by leaning into your natural preferences you would be able

那麼，通過向你的自然偏好靠攏，你將能夠

to learn more effectively; however, this isn’t the case.

來更有效地學習；然而，情況並非如此。

According to research, there is no empirical evidence to support the notion that leaning

根據研究，沒有實證證據支持傾斜的說法。

into your preferred learning style will help you learn more effectively.

融入你喜歡的學習風格將幫助你更有效地學習。

So what gives?

那麼是什麼原因呢？

To start, learning styles encourage students to take on an identity.

首先，學習風格鼓勵學生採取一種身份。

“I’m a visual learner and therefore I can only learn information if it’s presented

"我是一個視覺學習者，是以我只能在資訊呈現的情況下學習。

in this way” or “I’m an auditory learner and I can only learn information if it’s

或 "我是一個聽覺學習者，我只能通過聽覺來學習資訊"。

presented in that way.”

以這種方式呈現。"

As we’ve discussed several times on this channel, taking on an identity severely limits

正如我們在這個頻道上多次討論的那樣，以一種身份出現嚴重地限制了

your potential and often leads to a fixed mindset instead of a growth mindset.

你的潛力，並經常導致固定心態而不是成長心態。

When you believe that you can only learn information in one way, it often becomes a self-fulfilling

當你相信你只能以一種方式學習資訊時，它往往會成為一種自我實現的方式。

prophecy.

預言。

If you think you’re bad at learning through reading and writing, for instance, then you

例如，如果你認為你不善於通過閱讀和寫作學習，那麼你

won’t put in the time or effort to become proficient at learning through reading and

不願意花時間或精力通過閱讀和學習變得熟練。

writing.

寫作。

Over time, if you only lean into your strengths, your weaknesses will become even more underdeveloped

隨著時間的推移，如果你只靠自己的長處，你的短處會變得更加不發達

and your study techniques will become one-dimensional.

而你的學習技巧將變得一成不變。

This is a problem for three reasons.

這是個問題，原因有三。

First, there’s no one-size-fits-all solution to learning.

首先，學習沒有一個放之四海而皆準的解決方案。

Depending on what you’re trying to learn and how you’ll be assessed on it, certain

根據你要學習的內容和對你的評估方式，某些

learning methods may be more or less effective.

學習方法可能更有效或更不有效。

Imagine trying to learn geometry without drawing figures or physics without using practice

想象一下，試圖在不畫圖的情況下學習幾何學，或在不使用練習的情況下學習物理學。

problems.

問題。

Is it possible?

這有可能嗎？

Sure.

當然。

But does it make things more difficult?

但這是否會使事情變得更加困難？

Absolutely.

絕對的。

The reality is that some types of information are conveyed more effectively through one

現實情況是，有些類型的資訊通過一種方式傳達更有效。

method over another.

方法而不是另一種方法。

Instead of thinking about how we can match the presentation of the information to the

而不是考慮我們如何將資訊的呈現方式與......相匹配。

individual, we should think about how to match the presentation to the information itself.

個人而言，我們應該思考如何將表現形式與資訊本身相匹配。

Next, we often learn best when we are exposed to the same information in multiple different

其次，當我們以多種不同的方式接觸到相同的資訊時，我們的學習效果往往最好。

ways.

方式。

From neuroscience, we know that physical changes occur in the brain when we learn.

從神經科學中，我們知道，當我們學習時，大腦中會發生物理變化。

New connections are made between neurons and the more connections that you make between

新的連接是在神經元之間建立的，而你在神經元之間建立的連接越多

pieces of information, the more likely you are to remember that information in the long

如果你對這些資訊感興趣，那麼你就越有可能長期記住這些資訊。

term.

術語。

If you only take in information through one method, whether that be visual, auditory,

如果你只通過一種方法接受資訊，無論是視覺、聽覺。

kinesthetic, etc., you’re missing the entire picture.

肢體感覺等，你就會錯過整個畫面。

This is why top students take in as much information about a topic as they can and use all of the

這就是為什麼優秀的學生要儘可能多地吸收關於一個主題的資訊，並利用所有的

methods available to them.

他們可用的方法。

We can see this best exemplified when we look at how medical students study.

當我們看一下醫學生如何學習時，我們可以看到這一點的最好例證。

In the United States, becoming a doctor is one of the most challenging academic endeavors

在美國，成為一名醫生是最具挑戰性的學術努力之一。

that you can pursue.

你可以追求的。

You might think that all people who become doctors are just naturally intelligent; however,

你可能認為，所有成為醫生的人都是天生聰明的；然而。

there’s more to it than that.

還有更多的事情要做。

Although having above-average intelligence helps, success in medical school is much more

雖然擁有高於平均水平的智力會有所幫助，但在醫學院的成功要比在學校的成功更重要。

a reflection of your work ethic and your study strategies – both of which can be honed.

反映了你的工作態度和學習策略--這兩方面都是可以磨練的。

There’s a lot of information to learn in medical school and not a lot of time to learn

在醫學院裡有很多資訊需要學習，而沒有很多時間去學習

it.

它。

As such, medical students have to be incredibly efficient with their studying.

是以，醫學生的學習效率必須高得驚人。

If doing well were just a matter of leaning into their learning type, you would see most

如果做得好只是靠著他們的學習類型，你會看到大多數人

medical students employing only one type of studying; however, the literature shows that

醫學學生只採用一種學習方式；然而，文獻顯示

this is not the case.

事實並非如此。

Instead, the majority of fourth-year medical students, who have spent years honing their

相反，大多數四年級的醫學生，他們已經花了數年時間來磨練自己的能力。

study strategies and efficiency in the pressure cooker that is medical school, use multimodal

在醫學院這個壓力鍋裡，學習策略和效率，使用多模式的

approaches to learning.

學習的方法。

This means that they use multiple methods when trying to learn new information.

這意味著他們在試圖學習新資訊時使用多種方法。

Furthermore, all medical students - regardless of their learning style - tend to lean into

此外，所有的醫學生--無論他們的學習風格如何--都傾向於傾向於

kinesthetic learning styles during medical school.

在醫學院期間的動覺學習方式。

This makes sense as it matches how they’ll be asked to apply the information in the real

這很有意義，因為這與他們被要求在現實中應用這些資訊的方式相吻合。

world.

世界。

Doctors have to physically treat patients, so it stands to reason that the best way to

醫生必須對病人進行身體治療，是以有理由認為最好的方法是

learn how to do that is through hands-on experience.

學習如何做到這一點是通過親身體驗。

The last issue with learning styles is that they teach you to only lean into your preferences,

學習方式的最後一個問題是，它們教你只靠自己的喜好。

which are easy, and to avoid learning strategies that feel hard.

哪些是容易的，並避免學習那些感覺很難的策略。

Effective learning isn’t supposed to feel easy.

有效的學習不應該感到容易。

It’s actually the opposite.

實際上是相反的。

Effective learning should feel difficult and uncomfortable.

有效的學習應該感到困難和不舒服。

This is the reason why active study strategies that challenge you to recall, analyze, and

這就是為什麼積極的學習策略會挑戰你的回憶、分析和判斷能力的原因。

apply information are so effective.

應用資訊是如此有效。

You need to train your brain to work through difficult problems and deal with intense cognitive

你需要訓練你的大腦來解決困難的問題，處理激烈的認知問題。

loads.

負荷。

Doing so increases the number and strength of neuronal connections and makes for more

這樣做增加了神經元連接的數量和強度，並使之成為更多的神經元。

robust learning.

強有力的學習。

The world doesn’t bend or conform to you and what makes you comfortable.

世界不會因為你和讓你舒服的東西而彎曲或順應。

Instead, you have to be the one to adapt.

相反，你必須是那個適應者。

The same concept applies to learning.

這個概念同樣適用於學習。

Throughout your academic journey and beyond, you’ll be presented with information in

在你的學術旅程中和之後，你將會得到以下資訊

multiple formats.

多種格式。

It only benefits you to become proficient at all of them, instead of pigeonholing yourself

熟練掌握所有這些技能對你只有好處，而不是把自己束之高閣。

into the belief that there’s only one optimal way for you to learn.

陷入這樣的信念，即只有一種最佳的學習方式供你選擇。

So at this point in the video, you may be asking yourself, “if learning styles aren’t

所以在視頻的這一點上，你可能會問自己，"如果學習風格不是

the optimal way to learn, what should I be doing instead?”

的最佳學習方式，我應該做什麼來代替呢？"

First, instead of matching the information to your learning style, match the learning

首先，不要將資訊與你的學習風格相匹配，而要將學習與你的學習風格相匹配。

style to the information you’re trying to learn.

對你要學習的資訊的風格。

Identify the type of information and how you’ll be assessed on it and plan accordingly.

確定資訊的類型以及如何對其進行評估，並制定相應的計劃。

We discuss the concept of matching the study technique to the subject in our How to Ace

我們在 "如何獲得成功 "中討論了研究技術與主題相匹配的概念。

College Premed Science Classes - link in the description.

大學預科科學課--描述中的鏈接。

Additionally, instead of trapping yourself in the mindset that “I’m a visual learner,

此外，不要把自己困在 "我是一個視覺學習者 "的心態中。

so I don’t do well with textbooks” or “I’m a kinesthetic learner, and I have

所以我不擅長使用教科書 "或 "我是一個運動型學習者，我有

to learn by doing”, you should be flexible and adopt a growth mindset.

在實踐中學習"，你應該保持靈活，並採取成長的心態。

Tell yourself that you’re the type of student that can adapt and learn how to face the challenges

告訴自己，你是那種能夠適應並學會如何面對挑戰的學生

ahead of you.

在你的前面。

Similar to what we discussed in “Why You’re Not a Straight A Student (& How to Become

與我們在 "為什麼你不是全優生（以及如何成為全優生）"中討論的內容類似。

One), you don’t want to adopt an identity about what you’re good at and what you’re

一），你不想採用一個關於你擅長什麼和你是什麼的身份。

bad at.

不善於。

If you think you’re not good at learning through a particular method, you’ll never

如果你認為自己不擅長通過某種特定的方法學習，你就永遠不會

develop the skills necessary to improve and you will be bad at it.

培養必要的技能來提高，你就會變得很糟糕。

As humans, we don’t like to feel like we’re contradicting ourselves.

作為人類，我們不喜歡感覺到我們在自相矛盾。

If you think you’re bad at a particular learning style, you’ll experience cognitive

如果你認為自己不擅長某種學習方式，你就會經歷認知性的

dissonance whenever you try to improve at it and you’ll be much more likely to get

每當你試圖改善它時，就會出現不和諧的聲音，你就更有可能得到

frustrated and quit.

感到沮喪並退出。

Instead of telling yourself that you’re good or bad at something, identify as the

與其告訴自己你在某方面是好是壞，不如認定為

type of student that is always improving.

這種類型的學生一直在進步。

By adopting this sort of “growth mindset”, you’re less likely to get caught up in failures

通過採用這種 "成長心態"，你就不容易被失敗所困擾。

and more likely to learn from them.

並更有可能向他們學習。

This is what makes Med School Insiders different.

這就是《醫學院內參》的與眾不同之處。

Instead of focusing on simple tactics like other medical school admissions consultants,

而不是像其他醫學院的招生顧問那樣專注於簡單的戰術。

we focus on overlooked components and more advanced strategies to help you become the

我們專注於被忽視的部分和更先進的策略，以幫助你成為

best student you can be.

你可以成為最好的學生。

Our team is made up of top-performing medical doctors - those who have been at the top of

我們的團隊是由表現優異的醫生組成的--這些醫生一直處於領先地位。

their class, earned full tuition merit-based scholarships, and matched into competitive

他們的班級，贏得了全額學費的擇優獎學金，並匹配到有競爭力的

specialties at top programs.

頂尖項目的專業性。

We know how to help you achieve stellar results because we’ve done it ourselves.

我們知道如何幫助你取得優異的成績，因為我們自己已經做到了。

Our results speak for themselves and it’s no surprise that we quickly became the fastest-growing

我們的結果不言而喻，我們迅速成為增長最快的公司也就不足為奇了。

company in the space.

在該領域的公司。

Become a top performer and learn how to excel at MedSchoolInsiders.com.

在MedSchoolInsiders.com上成為一名優秀的執行者並學習如何出類拔萃。

Thank you all so much for watching.

非常感謝大家的觀看。

If you enjoyed this video, be sure to check out Why You’re Not a Straight A Student

如果你喜歡這段視頻，請務必查看《為什麼你不是全優生》。

(& How to Become One) or The Lazy Student’s Guide to Studying in College and Medical School.

(及如何成為一個)或《懶惰學生的大學和醫學院學習指南》。

Much love, and I’ll see you guys there.

非常感謝，我們會在那裡見到你們。