Name: 你的學習風格說明了你的情況（VARK） (What Your Learning Style Says About You (VARK))
Uploaded: 2022-12-26T18:05:46.000Z
Duration: 7 min 37 s

Are you an auditory, visual, or kinesthetic learner?

你是聽覺型、視覺型還是運動型學習者？

If your answer is anything other than “none of the above,” you may want to reconsider

如果你的答案不是 "以上都不是"，你可能想重新考慮一下

The idea behind learning styles is that everyone has their own preferred method of learning

學習風格背後的理念是，每個人都有自己喜歡的學習方法

and that by leaning into this preference, you can learn more effectively.

並認為通過向這種偏好傾斜，你可以更有效地學習。

There are various theories to describe learning styles, each with its own categorizations;

有各種理論來描述學習風格，每個理論都有自己的分類。

however, the most common is the VARK model.

This theory describes four different learning styles: visual, auditory, reading and writing,

這一理論描述了四種不同的學習風格：視覺、聽覺、閱讀和寫作。

Based on the theory, visual learners learn best when information is presented in the

根據這一理論，視覺學習者在資訊被呈現出來時學習效果最好。

form of diagrams, charts, graphs, and pictures.

圖、圖表、圖形和圖片的形式。

Auditory learners learn best when information is presented in the form of lectures or group

當資訊以講座或小組形式呈現時，聽覺型學習者的學習效果最好。

Reading and writing learners learn best when information is presented in the form of textbooks,

當資訊以教科書的形式呈現時，閱讀和寫作學習者學習效果最好。

And kinesthetic learners learn best through experience - either through concrete personal

而動覺型學習者最好通過經驗來學習--通過具體的個人經驗來學習。

experiences, examples, practice, or simulation.

Intuitively, this theory makes a lot of sense.

直觀地說，這個理論很有意義。

It goes along with the deeply rooted belief that everyone is unique and has their own

它伴隨著根深蒂固的信念，即每個人都是獨特的，有自己的

其他人則喜歡用他們的雙手工作。

It would make sense then that by leaning into your natural preferences you would be able

那麼，通過向你的自然偏好靠攏，你將能夠

to learn more effectively; however, this isn’t the case.

來更有效地學習；然而，情況並非如此。

According to research, there is no empirical evidence to support the notion that leaning

根據研究，沒有實證證據支持傾斜的說法。

into your preferred learning style will help you learn more effectively.

融入你喜歡的學習風格將幫助你更有效地學習。

To start, learning styles encourage students to take on an identity.

首先，學習風格鼓勵學生採取一種身份。

“I’m a visual learner and therefore I can only learn information if it’s presented

"我是一個視覺學習者，是以我只能在資訊呈現的情況下學習。

in this way” or “I’m an auditory learner and I can only learn information if it’s

或 "我是一個聽覺學習者，我只能通過聽覺來學習資訊"。

As we’ve discussed several times on this channel, taking on an identity severely limits

正如我們在這個頻道上多次討論的那樣，以一種身份出現嚴重地限制了

your potential and often leads to a fixed mindset instead of a growth mindset.

你的潛力，並經常導致固定心態而不是成長心態。

When you believe that you can only learn information in one way, it often becomes a self-fulfilling

當你相信你只能以一種方式學習資訊時，它往往會成為一種自我實現的方式。

If you think you’re bad at learning through reading and writing, for instance, then you

例如，如果你認為你不善於通過閱讀和寫作學習，那麼你

won’t put in the time or effort to become proficient at learning through reading and

不願意花時間或精力通過閱讀和學習變得熟練。

Over time, if you only lean into your strengths, your weaknesses will become even more underdeveloped

隨著時間的推移，如果你只靠自己的長處，你的短處會變得更加不發達

and your study techniques will become one-dimensional.

而你的學習技巧將變得一成不變。

First, there’s no one-size-fits-all solution to learning.

首先，學習沒有一個放之四海而皆準的解決方案。

Depending on what you’re trying to learn and how you’ll be assessed on it, certain

根據你要學習的內容和對你的評估方式，某些

learning methods may be more or less effective.

學習方法可能更有效或更不有效。

Imagine trying to learn geometry without drawing figures or physics without using practice

想象一下，試圖在不畫圖的情況下學習幾何學，或在不使用練習的情況下學習物理學。

但這是否會使事情變得更加困難？

The reality is that some types of information are conveyed more effectively through one

現實情況是，有些類型的資訊通過一種方式傳達更有效。

Instead of thinking about how we can match the presentation of the information to the

而不是考慮我們如何將資訊的呈現方式與......相匹配。

individual, we should think about how to match the presentation to the information itself.

個人而言，我們應該思考如何將表現形式與資訊本身相匹配。

Next, we often learn best when we are exposed to the same information in multiple different

其次，當我們以多種不同的方式接觸到相同的資訊時，我們的學習效果往往最好。

From neuroscience, we know that physical changes occur in the brain when we learn.

從神經科學中，我們知道，當我們學習時，大腦中會發生物理變化。

New connections are made between neurons and the more connections that you make between

新的連接是在神經元之間建立的，而你在神經元之間建立的連接越多

pieces of information, the more likely you are to remember that information in the long

如果你對這些資訊感興趣，那麼你就越有可能長期記住這些資訊。

If you only take in information through one method, whether that be visual, auditory,

如果你只通過一種方法接受資訊，無論是視覺、聽覺。

kinesthetic, etc., you’re missing the entire picture.

肢體感覺等，你就會錯過整個畫面。

This is why top students take in as much information about a topic as they can and use all of the

這就是為什麼優秀的學生要儘可能多地吸收關於一個主題的資訊，並利用所有的

We can see this best exemplified when we look at how medical students study.

當我們看一下醫學生如何學習時，我們可以看到這一點的最好例證。

In the United States, becoming a doctor is one of the most challenging academic endeavors

在美國，成為一名醫生是最具挑戰性的學術努力之一。

You might think that all people who become doctors are just naturally intelligent; however,

你可能認為，所有成為醫生的人都是天生聰明的；然而。

Although having above-average intelligence helps, success in medical school is much more

雖然擁有高於平均水平的智力會有所幫助，但在醫學院的成功要比在學校的成功更重要。

a reflection of your work ethic and your study strategies – both of which can be honed.

反映了你的工作態度和學習策略--這兩方面都是可以磨練的。

There’s a lot of information to learn in medical school and not a lot of time to learn

在醫學院裡有很多資訊需要學習，而沒有很多時間去學習

As such, medical students have to be incredibly efficient with their studying.

是以，醫學生的學習效率必須高得驚人。

If doing well were just a matter of leaning into their learning type, you would see most

如果做得好只是靠著他們的學習類型，你會看到大多數人

medical students employing only one type of studying; however, the literature shows that

醫學學生只採用一種學習方式；然而，文獻顯示

Instead, the majority of fourth-year medical students, who have spent years honing their

相反，大多數四年級的醫學生，他們已經花了數年時間來磨練自己的能力。

study strategies and efficiency in the pressure cooker that is medical school, use multimodal

在醫學院這個壓力鍋裡，學習策略和效率，使用多模式的

This means that they use multiple methods when trying to learn new information.

這意味著他們在試圖學習新資訊時使用多種方法。

Furthermore, all medical students - regardless of their learning style - tend to lean into

此外，所有的醫學生--無論他們的學習風格如何--都傾向於傾向於

kinesthetic learning styles during medical school.

在醫學院期間的動覺學習方式。

This makes sense as it matches how they’ll be asked to apply the information in the real

這很有意義，因為這與他們被要求在現實中應用這些資訊的方式相吻合。

Doctors have to physically treat patients, so it stands to reason that the best way to

醫生必須對病人進行身體治療，是以有理由認為最好的方法是

learn how to do that is through hands-on experience.

學習如何做到這一點是通過親身體驗。

The last issue with learning styles is that they teach you to only lean into your preferences,

學習方式的最後一個問題是，它們教你只靠自己的喜好。

which are easy, and to avoid learning strategies that feel hard.

哪些是容易的，並避免學習那些感覺很難的策略。

Effective learning isn’t supposed to feel easy.

Effective learning should feel difficult and uncomfortable.

有效的學習應該感到困難和不舒服。

This is the reason why active study strategies that challenge you to recall, analyze, and

這就是為什麼積極的學習策略會挑戰你的回憶、分析和判斷能力的原因。

You need to train your brain to work through difficult problems and deal with intense cognitive

你需要訓練你的大腦來解決困難的問題，處理激烈的認知問題。

Doing so increases the number and strength of neuronal connections and makes for more

這樣做增加了神經元連接的數量和強度，並使之成為更多的神經元。