More than 10,000 delegates, including scientists, government officials and activists are taking part in cop 15 over the next two weeks, they will try to agree on how to preserve sensitive ecosystems.

1萬多名代表，包括科學家、政府官員和活動家正在參加第15次會議，在未來兩週內，他們將試圖就如何保護敏感的生態系統達成一致。

The UK is among countries pushing for an ambitious deal to protect the planet's ecosystems, but as one of the most nature depleted countries in the world, its own record is under scrutiny.

英國是推動一項保護地球生態系統的雄心勃勃的協議的國家之一，但作為世界上自然耗損最嚴重的國家之一，其自身的記錄正受到審查。

Ellen Briggs reports from the English county of Sunset, a great egret to making the most of a winter wonderland at wetlands on the Somerset levels in winter, generally on wetlands and the necessary as you get larger congregations of birds.

艾倫-布里格斯（Ellen Briggs）從英國的日落縣報道，一隻大白鷺在冬季在薩默塞特水準的溼地上充分利用冬季仙境，一般在溼地和必要的，因為你得到更大的鳥群。

As governments meet to agree, tough new targets for protecting life on earth.

在各國政府開會商定保護地球上的生命的艱難新目標時。

Conservation charities are calling for urgent action to restore nature.

自然保護慈善機構呼籲採取緊急行動，恢復自然。

We are in a major extinction event.

我們正處於一個重大的滅絕事件中。

We've not seen species become extinct at the current rates as they are now since the dinosaurs, so million species, one in five species are at risk of extinction.

自恐龍以來，我們還沒有看到物種以目前的速度滅絕，所以百萬物種，五分之一的物種面臨著滅絕的風險。

So we need to halt that decline by the end of 2030 and need to be actually recovering nature by by that point, born out of an industrial past.

是以，我們需要在2030年底之前停止這種下降，並且需要在那之前實際恢復自然，從工業化的過去中誕生。

This reserve shows how with a bit of help nature can heal itself.

這個保護區表明，只要有一點幫助，大自然就能自我癒合。

So 25 years ago, this was an industrial landscape where they dug peat out of the ground.

是以，25年前，這裡是一個工業景觀，他們從地下挖出泥炭。

Now it's precious wetlands full of wild, All different types of species come here to feed, but wildlife groups say while the UK's pushing for ambitious targets in Montreal is not doing enough domestically.

現在它是珍貴的溼地，充滿了野性，所有不同類型的物種都來這裡覓食，但野生動物組織說，雖然英國在蒙特利爾推動了雄心勃勃的目標，但在國內做得還不夠。

So the government has led a really good level of ambition coming into Montreal, particularly looking at 30% of land and sea protected by 2030.

是以，政府在進入蒙特利爾時上司了一個非常好的雄心，特別是希望在2030年之前有30%的土地和海洋得到保護。

And that's essential if we're going to reverse nature's catastrophic decline.

如果我們要扭轉大自然的災難性衰退，這一點至關重要。

But fundamentally, the UK government needs to be delivering on that here as well at home And we're not yet seeing that only 3% of the land and 8% of our seas are effectively protected.

但從根本上說，英國政府需要在這裡以及在國內實現這一目標。我們還沒有看到，只有3%的土地和8%的海洋得到有效保護。

The government says nature plays a crucial role in all our lives and it's working with other countries to put the natural world back on the road to recovery.

政府說，大自然在我們所有人的生活中發揮著至關重要的作用，它正在與其他國家合作，使自然界重新走上覆蘇之路。

These salt marshes on the Somerset coast are another example of how a nature depleted world can be turned around.

薩默塞特海岸的這些鹽沼是另一個例子，說明自然枯竭的世界是如何被扭轉的。

Old farmland has been flooded to provide space for nature.

舊的農田被淹沒，為大自然提供了空間。

What we can learn from what we've been doing here at ST marshes by restoring wetlands on this sort of scale is that we know that the wildlife is coming here and it's supporting biodiversity, but we're helping the health and well being benefits to people, carbon storage property.

我們可以從我們在ST沼澤地通過恢復溼地的這種規模所做的事情中學到的是，我們知道野生動物來到這裡，它支持生物多樣性，但我們正在幫助人們的健康和福祉的好處，碳儲存財產。

They are vital for our fight against climate change.

它們對於我們應對氣候變化的鬥爭至關重要。

So the time to act is now places like this offer a glimpse of a more nature friendly future but scaling it up will be a massive challenge.

是以，現在是採取行動的時候了，像這樣的地方提供了一個對自然更友好的未來的一瞥，但擴大其規模將是一個巨大的挑戰。

Helen Briggs BBC News Somerset with me here in the studio is Navin Singh Khadka BBC World Service's Environment correspondent?

海倫-布里格斯BBC新聞薩默塞特與我一起在演播室的是納文-辛格-卡德卡BBC世界服務的環境記者？

I mean, we've just had one cop This is another cop.

我的意思是，我們剛剛有一個警察 這是另一個警察。

How many conferences can we have in a year on climate?

我們在一年中能有多少次關於氣候的會議？

We'll see.

我們將拭目以待。

I mean they they sound quite similar but there is a fundamental difference year they are related.

我的意思是它們聽起來很相似，但有一個根本的區別，它們是相關的。

So that one was about climate, climate per se and this is about biodiversity.

所以那個是關於氣候，氣候本身，而這個是關於生物多樣性。

It's about the web of life, everything included in this on this planet, how we leave, how we survive.

這是關於生命的網絡，在這個星球上包括的一切，我們如何離開，我們如何生存。

But the thing is what's happening here is climate change is changing all that.

但問題是這裡發生的事情是氣候變化正在改變這一切。

And these uh these different elements of biodiversity, ecosystems are supposed to help us to fight those changes to fight off and also to safeguard ourselves for example from floods or from storms, landslides or whatever.

而這些......這些不同的生物多樣性元素，生態系統應該幫助我們對抗這些變化，以抵禦和保護我們自己，例如，從洪水或從風暴、山體滑坡或其他。

But the thing is climate change is changing all those biodiversity and biodiversity.

但問題是，氣候變化正在改變所有這些生物多樣性和生態多樣性。

When they change, for example when land changes they emit more emit more greenhouse gasses and there is this climate change again.

當它們發生變化時，例如當土地發生變化時，它們會排放更多的溫室氣體，又會出現這種氣候變化。

So there's this What is called as Doom Loop and that's why they are talking about it.

是以，有一種叫做 "厄運循環 "的東西，這就是他們談論它的原因。

And so you see one after another these conferences happening, are they being effective though or is it a whole heap of people talking and are they actually achieving anything?

是以，你看到這些會議一個接一個地發生，但它們是否有效，或者只是一大堆人在說話，它們是否真的取得了什麼？

So this is the thing.

所以事情是這樣的。

So like so so in in back in 2010 they had a similar one in Japan and they then said the 20 targets and none of them have been fully met.

所以就像這樣，早在2010年，他們在日本有一個類似的，然後他們說20個目標，沒有一個完全達到。

So that's why there are questions, there are doubts for example just last august for example, they had this high seas treaty of the U.

是以，這就是為什麼有問題，有疑慮，例如，就在去年8月，他們有這個美國的公海條約。

N.

N.

That was supposed to be secured 30% of our oceans to be safeguarded, protected for biodiversity which failed.

這本應是確保我們30%的海洋得到保護，為生物多樣性提供保護，但卻失敗了。

So you see that's why and this one now is talking about 30% of land, 30% of ocean to be protected.

所以你看這就是為什麼，現在這個人在說30%的土地，30%的海洋要被保護。

So given the past records, there are questions, will it happen?

是以，鑑於過去的記錄，有一些問題，它會發生嗎？

But then there are warnings if you don't do it, it's a double trouble, climate and biodiversity and who's creating these sort of barriers.

但是又有警告說，如果你不這樣做，就會有雙重麻煩，氣候和生物多樣性，誰在製造這類障礙。

I mean, I was reading a lot about the fact that the role of china and this is crucial but they also think that there might be roadblocks by china.

我的意思是，我讀了很多關於中國的作用的事實，這很關鍵，但他們也認為中國可能會有路障。

Well, you see the thing is again it's all it kind of reminds you of that politics.

好吧，你看問題又來了，這一切讓你想起了那個政治。

What happens in climate conferences is the similar thing.

在氣候會議上發生的情況也是類似的。

For example, the chinese minister, ecology minister talked about this thing.

例如，中國的部長，生態部長談到了這件事。

Equitable agreement, you know, just an equitable agreement.

公平的協議，你知道，只是一個公平的協議。

Why are they saying this?

他們為什麼這樣說？

Because there is an apprehension that there will be talks about emissions and as you know, emission is a massive issue in climate thing, rich countries vs fast emerging economies, fast developing economies.

因為人們擔心會有關於排放的討論，正如你所知道的，排放是氣候問題中的一個巨大問題，富國與快速新興經濟體、快速發展的經濟體。

They say that you are the one you have historical responsibility.

他們說，你是你有歷史責任的人。

So they fear that again that issue might come here and they might be asked to stop emissions from land.

所以他們擔心這個問題會再次出現在這裡，他們可能會被要求停止從土地上排放。

Whereas the argument from from from list fast emerging economies or developing countries, they need to cut down forests to do so many things as well, whereas simultaneously they would take care, but they cannot be expected to kind of stop everything.

而從快速的新興經濟體或開發中國家的名單來看，他們需要砍伐森林來做這麼多事情，而同時他們會注意，但不能期望他們停止一切。

So, so, you know, that kind of things are at play and then again, there are issues of subsidies on pesticides, subsidies and other things.

所以，所以，你知道，這種事情在起作用，然後再次，有關於農藥的補貼，補貼和其他事情的問題。

Can they stop it, can they not?

他們能阻止嗎，不能？

It's the same thing that that what we saw in climate conferences we will see here as well.

這和我們在氣候會議上看到的情況一樣，我們在這裡也會看到。

But again, it's a big ask whether it's happening or not, whether it's going to because like I said, the past, you know, experiences nothing.

但是，這又是一個很大的問題，不管它是否發生，是否會發生，因為就像我說的，過去，你知道，什麼都沒有經歷。

Navin thank you so much for the update there.

納溫非常感謝你提供的最新資訊。

I'm joined now by climate activists, Laura Young and laura thanks so much for joining us.

現在加入我的是氣候活動家勞拉-楊，勞拉非常感謝你加入我們。

We're just speaking to our Environment correspondent there who was talking about, you know, all of these conferences and other targets being met.

我們剛剛與我們在那裡的環境記者交談，他正在談論，你知道，所有這些會議和其他目標正在實現。

How are you feeling?

你感覺如何？

Because you've gone to the various conferences this year, you were in shambles chic, weren't you?

因為你今年去參加了各種會議，你很破舊別緻，對嗎？

Yes, I was.

是的，我是。

And you know, I think ultimately we need to work with these big world systems.

而且你知道，我認為最終我們需要與這些大的世界系統合作。

They are absolutely not perfect, but it's our role to push them to be better.

他們絕對不完美，但我們的作用是推動他們做得更好。

And the question that we need to be asking is what would it be like if we didn't have these opportunities, but it is really important to put the pressure on the various countries and stakeholders who are involved in this and especially now at the beginning of cop 15 over in Montreal, it's really important that we raise positive voices in support of the great initiatives that we need to put forward to save biodiversity.

我們需要問的問題是，如果我們沒有這些機會，會是什麼樣子？但是，對參與其中的各個國家和利益相關者施加壓力真的很重要，特別是現在在蒙特利爾的第15屆會議開始時，我們發出積極的聲音，支持我們需要提出的拯救生物多樣性的偉大倡議，這真的很重要。

But also really remember that after the two weeks is over, we need to bring that home to wherever we're from and push local councils and governments to be making the changes that we need on home soil as well.

但也要真正記住，在兩週結束後，我們需要把它帶回家，無論我們來自哪裡，並推動地方議會和政府在本土做出我們需要的改變。

I mean, but are we seeing that?

我的意思是，但我們是否看到了這一點？

Because Naveen was just saying in 2010 there's 20 targets were set, none of them achieved.

因為納溫剛才說，2010年有20個目標，沒有一個實現。

We keep getting these warnings from, from scientists and at the same time we're seeing no action, just just kind of doom and gloom in the language that's being used, but whether that's by governments or policymakers, but there's never any accountability, It's really frustrating.

我們不斷從科學家那裡得到這些警告，但同時我們卻沒有看到任何行動，只是在使用的語言中充滿了厄運和憂鬱，但無論是政府還是政策制定者，都沒有任何責任，這真的令人沮喪。

And I think you can even look back on the last 12 months to see the action within the climate and biodiversity space has been lacking.

我認為你甚至可以回顧過去的12個月，看到氣候和生物多樣性空間內的行動是缺乏的。

And I think that's mainly due to the fact that we don't have joined up thinking actually, a lot of the crises globally that we're facing climate, biodiversity, cost of living many conflicts stem back and root together.

我認為這主要是由於我們沒有聯合起來思考的事實，我們在全球範圍內面臨的許多危機，如氣候、生物多樣性、生活成本、許多衝突等，都是由這些危機引起的。

And we need to be looking at how we can combat these in multidisciplinary way in a way that brings benefits to all of these.

我們需要研究如何以多學科的方式來對抗這些問題，併為所有這些問題帶來好處。

And I think we really need to be looking at ourselves and say, how do we not silo, how do we not forget about these crises that are happening in the background that are continuing and really, really promote joined up thinking when it comes to combating all of these different topics.

我認為我們真的需要審視自己，並說，我們如何不孤軍奮戰，如何不忘記在背景下發生的這些正在繼續的危機，並在打擊所有這些不同的主題時，真正真正促進聯合思考。

And I think ultimately, I think we need to change and not have so many conferences separately, but maybe thinking about bringing them together Because we've had a treaty on waste, we've had cop 27 about climate and we've got cop 15 about biodiversity.

我認為最終，我認為我們需要改變，不要單獨舉行這麼多會議，而是考慮把它們放在一起，因為我們已經有一個關於廢物的條約，我們有關於氣候的第27條，我們有關於生物多樣性的第15條。

Actually, even just these three things alone that have happened in the last few weeks have been linked and they should be in the same room at the same time, so that we stop avoiding so much silo working and in terms of what individuals can do, because you do a lot of advocacy work.

實際上，即使僅僅是過去幾周發生的這三件事也是有聯繫的，他們應該同時在同一個房間裡，這樣我們就不再避免那麼多筒倉式的工作，在個人能做的方面，因為你做了很多宣傳工作。

I mean what can people at home due to to do their part?

我的意思是，在家的人可以做什麼來儘自己的責任？

I mean it's a great important question and actually just a start to reflect that I'm based in the UK and in England alone, there's more land in people's back gardens than there is in nature reserves.

我的意思是，這是一個非常重要的問題，實際上只是一個開始，反映出我在英國，僅在英格蘭，人們後院的土地就比自然保護區的土地多。

So even just looking after the local spaces that we have is so important, even if you don't have a garden, I used to live in a top floor flat in Edinburgh and I had flower boxes on my window cells with wild flowers for the bees and the pollinators, but we can be engaging in our local count areas to think about the green spaces that we have, how we can make them more biodiverse care for the natural water and marine environments that we have.

是以，即使只是照顧我們所擁有的當地空間也是非常重要的，即使你沒有花園，我曾經住在愛丁堡的頂層公寓，我的窗臺上有花箱，裡面有野花，供蜜蜂和傳粉者使用，但我們可以在我們當地的計數區參與思考我們所擁有的綠色空間，我們如何使它們更加生物多樣化，照顧我們擁有的自然水和海洋環境。

We can be looking at nature based solutions to the problems that we have, whether that's urban heat in city centers or flooding in more rural areas.

我們可以尋找基於自然的解決方案來解決我們的問題，無論是市中心的城市熱還是更多農村地區的洪水。

And we can be really thinking about how we can care for nature, not putting in plastic grass or tarmac ng over lovely green spaces and really looking at every single inch that is in our control, whether that's personally on a council level or on a national scale.

我們可以真正思考如何關愛自然，而不是在可愛的綠地上鋪設塑膠草或柏油路面，並真正關注我們所能控制的每一寸土地，無論是個人在議會層面還是在國家層面。

And really asking the experts whether that's the scientists or the many nature and environment agencies for their advice on how we can improve biodiversity, which will also help climate, well being health.

並真正詢問專家，無論是科學家還是許多自然和環境機構，他們對我們如何能夠改善生物多樣性的建議，這也將有助於氣候和健康。

It has so many benefits.

它有如此多的好處。

And we can really get engaged in this as a community laura, thank you so much for joining us here on the program.

我們真的可以作為一個社區參與其中，勞拉，非常感謝你參加我們的節目。