And... I hear this mistake quite a lot.

而我常常聽到人犯這個錯誤。

But don't worry; you're just learning English.

但別擔心，你只是在學英文。

Mistakes are normal and natural, and we all make them; I make them all the time 'cause I'm a human.

錯誤是正常且自然的，而我們都會犯，我就常常犯錯，因為我只是個人。

No⏤am I? Just... let's pretend I'm human, OK?

不，我是嗎？就⋯⋯我們就假裝我是人類，好嗎？

So, when you are learning a new language, especially English, if you make a mistake, it's OK.

所以在你們學一種新語言時，尤其是英文，如果你犯了錯，是沒關係的。

But (it's) my job to correct you.

但我的工作是糾正你。

So, this is a very, very common problem, and I know it's confusing.

所以這是一個非常、非常普遍的問題，我知道那也很複雜。

Because different languages, for example, Spanish and Portuguese, kind of have the same word and we have different words.

因為像是西班牙語或是葡萄牙語等不同語言，都有同要的字詞，但我們的是不同的。

So, let's go through the differences⏤it's a battle.

那讓我們來看看這些差異，這是場戰爭。

She and he against⏤would be battling⏤her and his.

She 和 he 會跟 her 和 his 戰爭。

So, the mistake that I hear people saying in a sentence,

我常聽到人們在句子中的錯誤是，

I hear people say, "Her likes she car," or, for example, "His plays with her dog."

我會聽到人們說「He likes she car」或是「His plays with her dog」。

And, you're right, it's the pronoun, but there's two different kinds of pronouns, and even native speakers get this mixed up.

你說得對，這是代名詞，不過代名詞有兩種，連英文母語人士都會搞混。

So, don't feel bad; it's just English.

所以不要難過，這不過只是英文。

Here's a little bit of grammar for you, and... and I hate grammar.

教大家一些文法，而⋯⋯我超討厭文法。

So, I'll teach you the grammar way, then I'll teach him my way⏤my way is easier.

那麼，我先用文法規則教你們，接著再用我的方法教，我的方法簡單多了。

So, a subjective pronoun.

好了，主格代名詞。

So, as I said, these guys⏤she, her, he and his⏤are both pronouns, a pronoun basically replaces a person's name, OK?

如同我說的，she、her、he 和 his 都是代名詞，功用基本上是取代一個人的名字，懂嗎？

A subjective pronoun basically means it's the subject of the sentence.

主格代名詞基本上表示它是句子的主詞。

And, usually, the subject is at the beginning of the sentence.

而主詞通常都在句子的開頭。

Yes.

是的。

So, the subject of the sentence, or the subjective pronoun, is going to tell us "who" the sentence is about, OK?

那麼，句子的主詞，或是主格代名詞，會跟我們說句子是關於「誰」，好嗎？

It's easier if we do it with names; if I say, "Ronnie likes his car," OK, cool.

如果我們用名字，就會簡單多了——如果我說「Ronnie likes his car」，好，沒問題。

But we sometimes want to⏤instead of saying the person's name all the time, "Ronnie likes pizza," "Ronnie likes to do this," "Ronnie likes to"⏤

但我們有時想要⋯⋯與其總是說一個人的名字——「Ronnie likes pizza」、「Ronnie likes to do this」、「Ronnie likes to」——

Stop saying "Ronnie"!

別再說 Ronnie 了！

You can just say "she" or "he", or, if people are gender-neutral or you don't know what they are, you can just say "they".

你可以選擇用 she 或是 he，或是如果一個人性別中立，或是你不知道性別，你就可以用 they。

But that makes the whole thing easier, isn't it?

但這讓整件事情變簡單了，對吧？

Let's scrap the lesson; I give up.

我們忘了整堂課吧，我放棄。

So, no, I'm just joking.

所以，不，我只是在說笑。

If we say "she", it's going to be the subject of the sentence, and if we say "he"⏤the male version⏤it's also going to be the subject of the sentence.

如果我們說 she，那將是句子的主詞，而如果我們用男性版本的 he，那也會是句子的主詞。

So, that means it comes at the beginning of the sentence.

所以說，那表示這出現在句子的開頭。

That's easy.

那很簡單。

OK, now, with an objective pronoun, it means it's a person or a thing.

好了，那受格代名詞表示它是「人」或是「物」。

So, it could be an "it", 'cause sometimes we don't know... if it's a boy or a girl.

所以說，它可能是個 it，因為有時候我們不知道是男是女。

Like a cat, right? Or a human sometimes, that receives the action.

接受動作的有可能是一隻貓或是人類。

So, basically, this objective pronoun⏤"his" or "her"⏤usually will not be at the beginning of the sentence because the subject goes there.

所以基本上，his 和 her 這些受格代名詞通常不會出現在句子開頭，因為那是主詞的位置。

So, I'll teach you the mistakes.

那麼，我要來說明錯誤。

Sometimes I hear people say⏤the marker doesn't work, Ronnie.

我有時會聽到人們說——Ronnie，這隻馬克筆沒水。

I hear people say the marker doesn't work, so, that's OK, we'll just throw that one away.

我聽到人說馬克筆沒水了，所以沒關係，我們把它丟掉就好。

We're just throwing away stuff today.

我們今天就是在丟東西。

I hear people say, "Her likes his car," and we can't put this here because "her" is not a subject.

我會聽到人們說「Her likes his car」，而我們不能把 her 放在這裡，因為它不是主詞。

The same with this, we can't say, "His plays with her dog."

這句也一樣，我們不能說「His plays with her dog」。

We have to use the subject of "he".

我們必須用主詞 he。

So, here's the easier way.

那以下是簡單的方法。

This is my way, OK?

這是我的方式，好嗎？

If there's a verb in the sentence⏤for example, "likes" is a verb or "plays" is a verb⏤before the verb, you're going to use "he" or "she".

如果句子裡面有動詞（舉例來說，likes 和 plays 都是動詞），在動詞前，你必須用 he 或是 she。

Hey, that's pretty cool.

嘿，那蠻酷的。

Now, let me show you the trick on the other side.

現在讓我教各位另一個技巧。

If it's a noun, for example, a cat or a pizza⏤person, place, or thing⏤we're going to use the objective pronoun.

如果它是像 cat 或 pizza 等表示人、地、物的名詞，我們就會用受格代名詞。

So, look here, because a dog is a noun, we can't use "she" dog.

所以看到這裡，因為 dog 是個名詞，我們不能用 she dog。

We have to use "her".

我們必須用 her。

Why?

為什麼？

Because "her" comes before a noun, OK?

因為 her 會出現在名詞之前，好嗎？

I can't say, "He plays with she dog."

我不能說「He plays with she dog」。

That's just weird and wrong.

那不過是奇怪且錯誤的。

"She likes his cat," again, because cat is a noun, we can't put a subject here.

同樣的「She likes his cat」中，因為 cat 是名詞，我們不能把主詞放在這裡。

We can't say, "She likes he dog," "he cat,"⏤unless it's the cat's name, but that still wouldn't work.

我們不能說「She likes he dog」、「he cat」，除非那是貓咪的名字，但那還是說不通。

So, we could not put "he" here⏤remember, "he" and "she" is going to be followed by a verb.

所以我們不能把 he 放在這裡，記住，he 和 she 之後會接著動詞。

"Her" and "his" is going to be followed by a noun.

Her 和 his 後面則是會出現名詞。

Yes, this is easier. Yes!

沒錯，這比較簡單。太好了！

OK.

好。

So, example, before a verb, OK?

舉例而言，在動詞前，好嗎？

"She likes pizza," in the sentence, "likes" is a verb.

「She likes pizza」這個句子中的 likes 是個動詞。

So, we have to use "she"; we can't say "her".

所以我們必須用 she，不能用 her。

"Her likes pizza." It's wrong.

「Her likes pizza」是錯的。

"He has a cat," because "has" is a verb, we have to use "he".

「He has a cat」中，因為 has 是動詞，我們必須用 he。

We can't say, "His has a pizza."

我們不能說「His has a pizza」。

His what has a pizza?

他的什麼有披薩？

"His dog has a pizza" is OK because we would have a noun.

「His dog has a pizza」這個句子是沒問題的，因為句子中有名詞。

It is her cat.

「It is her cat」。

Because cat is a noun, we're going to use "her".

因為 cat 是名詞，所以我們會用 her。

If you say, "It is she cat," it's wrong, because, remember, "she" must come before a verb.

如果你說「It is she cat」，那是錯的，因為要記得，she 必須出現在動詞之前。

Cat is not a verb, as far as I know.

據我所知，cat 不是動詞。

Not yet⏤we can make it a verb.

目前還不是，不過我們可以把它變成動詞。

Stop being⏤stopped catting around.

不要再——不要再貓來貓去。

I'm going to cat today⏤doesn't work.

我今天要去貓——這說不通。

It is his⏤and again, "pizza" being a noun, we're going to say "his pizza".

同樣的，因為 pizza 是名詞，我們會說「It is his pizza」。

If we say, "It is he pizza," sounds like, I don't know, from the medieval ages and your buddy's name, Pizza.

如果我們說「It is he pizza」，不知道，聽起來有點像中世紀語言，還有朋友 Pizza 的名字。

- Who is it? - It is he, Pizza.

- 那是誰？ - 這是他，Pizza。

Pizza has arrived.

Pizza 已經抵達了。

So, we're not in the medieval times; we're not in the middle ages.

我們不是在中世紀時期。

So, here's the easy, easy Ronnie way.

那麼，這就是 Ronnie 的極簡單方法。

Remember it like this.

用這個方式記住它。

"She" and "he" is going to come before a verb.

She 和 he 會出現在動詞之前。

"Her" and "his" is going to come before a noun.

Her 和 his 會出現在名詞之前。

Got it?

懂了嗎？

It's easy this way.

這是簡單的方法。

I promise I won't throw more markers.

我保證我不會再丟馬克筆。

And if you have any questions about grammar, please ask me in the comments.

如果你有更多關於文法的問題，請在留言區問我。

I also have private online ESL lessons to help you with all your grammar problems, EnglishWithRonnie.com.

我也在 EnglishWithRonnie.com 提供線上 ESL 的私人課程，幫助你解決所有文法問題。

And I'll see you on the internet another day; bye!

我們改天網路上再見，掰！