but to get acquainted with psychotherapy.

但要熟悉心理治療。

Though often dense and complicated, the central ideas of psychotherapy can be summarised as

儘管經常是密集而複雜的，但心理治療的中心思想可以概括為

follows:

如下。

1.

1.

Every human is in part neurotic.

每個人都有部分神經質。

A neurosis is any pattern of thinking or behaviour that blocks the full flowering of our personalities

神經症是任何阻礙我們個性充分發展的思維或行為模式。

and potential.

和潛力。

We may be neurotic in love or at work, in our friendships or in our attitudes to creativity

我們可能在愛情或工作中、在友誼中或在對創造性的態度中表現出神經質。

or politics.

或政治。

It should be part of every evolved human’s mission to seek to understand and unpick the

尋求理解和解讀 "世界"，應該是每個進化者的使命之一。

neurotic elements of their own personalities.

他們自己性格中的神經質因素。

The enquiry ‘And how are you neurotic?’

詢問'那你是如何神經質的？

should not be taken as an insult, rather a sensible and kindly request for more information

不應該被視為一種侮辱，而是一種明智和善意的要求，以獲得更多的資訊。

on our particular share of humanity’s warps.

在我們特定的那份人性的扭曲中。

2.

2.

The origins of most of our neuroses lie in our childhoods - before we were old enough

我們大多數神經官能症的根源在於我們的童年--在我們足夠大之前

to deploy adult mechanisms to process events.

以部署成人機制來處理事件。

What causes neuroses are incomprehensible, cruel and intolerable frustrations and pains

導致神經官能症的是不可理解的、殘酷的和不可容忍的挫折和痛苦

that we can collectively refer to as traumas.

我們可以將其統稱為創傷。

A trauma may be as immediately shocking as a rape or as seemingly inocuous as years of

創傷可能像強姦一樣立即令人震驚，也可能像多年來的 "不愉快 "一樣看似無害。

continuous petty criticism or emotional neglect; something qualifies as a trauma because of

連續的瑣碎的責備或情感上的忽視；某件事情因為以下原因而被定性為創傷

an unmasterable dimension, the child is not able to make sense of the agony it faces - and

在一個無法控制的層面上，兒童無法理解其面臨的痛苦--而且

so suffers a grievous blow to its sense of self and command of trust, intelligence and

是以，它的自我意識和對信任、智慧、和的控制受到了嚴重的打擊。

love.

愛。

3.

3.

Every parental inadequacy tends to give rise to a neurosis.

每一個父母的不足往往會引起一種神經症。

Where there is an over controlling parent, there will be a child with problems around

如果父母的控制慾過強，孩子就會有問題。

autonomy.

自主性。

Where there is a belittling parent, there will be a child with difficulties of confidence

如果有一個輕視的父母，就會有一個有信心困難的孩子。

and self-esteem.

和自尊心。

Where there is sexual rivalry or seductiveness, there will be issues of guilt or shame.

在有性競爭或誘惑的地方，會有內疚或羞恥的問題。

Every character defect on the side of the parent necessarily imposes a toll on a child.

父母一方的每一個性格缺陷都必然給孩子帶來損失。

4.

4.

There is no such thing as an un-neurotic parent.

不存在不神經質的父母這回事。

Rather than deny that they could have done anything ‘wrong’, all parents must simply

與其否認他們可能做了什麼 "錯事"，所有父母必須簡單地

put up their hands gracefully, perhaps humorously too, and then assist their child in figuring

優雅地舉起他們的手，也許還很幽默，然後幫助他們的孩子算出

out the particular difficulties they will have bequeathed to them.

出他們將遺留給他們的特殊困難。

5.

5.

Trauma leads to repression which over time inspires the formation of neurotic symptoms.

創傷導致壓抑，隨著時間的推移，激發了神經症症狀的形成。

Neuroses that have not been understood continue into perpetuity: time never weakens them.

沒有被理解的神經症會持續到永遠：時間永遠不會削弱它們。

6.

6.

Healing comes through self-awareness.

癒合是通過自我意識實現的。

To improve, we need to dynamite the concrete of repression and recover contact with the

為了改進，我們需要炸燬壓制的混凝土，並恢復與其他國家的聯繫。

original trauma.

原始創傷。

And in order to do that, we need to accept - before anything else - that doing so would

而為了做到這一點，我們需要接受--在任何事情之前--這樣做會

be a good idea.

是一個好主意。

We have to agree that self-knowledge will be what can save us.

我們必須同意，自知之明將是能夠拯救我們的東西。

7.

7.

It won’t be enough to know the past, we will need to feel it too.

僅僅瞭解過去是不夠的，我們還需要感受它。

We may have a workable sense of the central details of our childhoods, but an intellectual

我們可能對我們童年的核心細節有一個可行的感覺，但在智力上

grasp won’t be enough.

加快腳步是不夠的。

We need to viscerally reexperience rather than merely intellectually know the past so

我們需要從內心裡重新體驗，而不是僅僅從智力上了解過去，所以

as to free ourselves from its hold.

以使我們擺脫它的控制。

Our neuroses will weaken or dissolve once the traumas that fire them are finally known

一旦引發神經官能症的創傷最終被瞭解，我們的神經官能症就會減弱或消解。

- and, even more importantly, felt.

- 而且，更重要的是，感到。

That is the challenge - and the promise - of psychotherapy.

這就是心理治療的挑戰--和承諾。