Well, for most of us, childhood was a simple and carefree time.

對大多數人來說，童年是一段單純且無憂無慮的時光。

Not everyone is lucky enough to have that.

但並非每個人都如此幸運。

Some may have experienced trauma at an early age, robbing them of their sense of safety and security.

有些人可能在很小的時候就遭遇創傷，這剝奪了他們的安全感。

Defined as "the experience of a single or multiple event by a child that is emotionally painful or distressful",

童年創傷被定義為「兒童因單一或多重事件而感到強烈痛苦或絕望的經驗。」

studies showed that childhood trauma often leads to serious lifelong damages to one's mental and physical health.

研究顯示，童年創傷往往導致一個人的心理和身體健康受到嚴重的終身損害。

Have you ever wondered how such experiences could impact a person?

你有沒有想過這樣的經歷會如何影響一個人？

Well, there are a lot of ways childhood trauma can impact you.

童年創傷會以不同方式對你產生影響。

Here are the main ways that can shape your view on life.

童年創傷可能會塑造你的人生觀。

Number one, it makes you more pessimistic.

第一，它使你更加悲觀。

How do you see the world?

你如何看待這個世界？

Many studies have proven that people who have experienced a traumatic event, especially when they were younger, are more likely to be pessimistic.

許多研究證明，經歷過創傷的人（尤其幼時經歷的人）更容易悲觀地看待事物。

They often generalize their traumatic experience into a generalized negative expectation of the world, which makes it more difficult for them to see the positive side of things or trust that good things will happen.

他們常常把自己的創傷經歷概括為對整個世界的負面期望，這使得他們更難正面看待事情，或相信好事會發生。

Instead, they internalize their unhealed trauma until it manifests as either self blame, passive helplessness or a pessimistic worldview.

相反地，他們將未癒合的創傷內化，直到出現自責、消極無助或悲觀的世界觀。

Number two, it makes you feel more alone.

第二，它使你感到更加孤獨。

A lot of research tackles the detrimental effects childhood trauma can have on a person's mental and emotional well-being,

很多研究探討童年創傷對一個人的心理及情緒的負面影響，

but what we don't often realize is that these detrimental effects can trickle down to impact our view of not only ourselves but of the world in general, too.

但我們往往沒有意識到的是，這些負面影響不僅會改變我們對自己的看法，也會影響我們看整個世界方式。

How?

為什麼？

Well, childhood trauma is known to increase a person's likelihood of developing depression and anxiety, as well as making them more vulnerable to feelings of guilt and shame.

眾所周知，童年創傷會增加罹患憂鬱症和焦慮症的機率，並使人容易內疚和感到羞恥。

This negative self-view then makes victims more socially withdrawn and, as a result, suffer from lower levels of social and emotional support and poor quality of interpersonal relationships.

對自身的負面看法會使人在社交上更加孤僻，導致其接收到的社會支持、情感支持少，且人際關係淺薄。

Number three, it makes you self-sabotage.

第三，它會導致自我破壞。

Similar to the previous point, a person who's experienced childhood trauma may be more likely to self-sabotage, especially when it comes to their relationships.

與上一點類似，經歷過童年創傷的人更容易自我破壞，特別是面臨感情關係時。

In fact, studies have shown that a large majority of those who have suffered abuse or violence related childhood traumas go on to develop adult attachment disorders.

事實上，研究表明，大部分遭受過虐待或與暴力相關童年創傷的人，長大後都會患上成人依戀障礙。

Most of them have a hard time maintaining long term relationships, be it platonic or romantic because of how their trauma has distorted their view of human nature.

這之中大多數人都難以維持長期關係，無論是柏拉圖式關係還是浪漫關係，因為那些創傷已經扭曲了他們對人性的看法。

Instead of believing in a person's innate capacity for good, they've learned to fear their capacity for evil and deceit,

他們不相信人性本善，而恐懼人們的惡意和謊言，

which makes them less trusting and more likely to self-sabotage, creating problems where there might not even be one.

至使他們不易信任他人、更容易自我破壞，並憑空製造出可能本不存在的問題。

Number four, it takes away from your sense of safety and security.

第四，它剝奪了你的安全感。

Have you ever wondered why some people who've experienced trauma, end up struggling with it for years, even long after it's already over.

你有沒有想過，為什麼一些經歷過創傷的人，最終會與它糾纏多年，即便那件事已經結束很久了。

Trauma of any kind can have lasting physiological damage.

任何形式的創傷都會產生長久的生理傷害。

And when you experience it at such a formative time of your life, such as in childhood, it can take years to unlearn and undo.

當你在建構人生的時期（如童年時）經歷這種情況，可能會需要多年時間來遺忘和放下。

Being traumatized, takes away a person's sense of safety and security, which is crucial to a child's development

創傷奪走了安全感，這對兒童的發展至關重要，

because it's what bonds them to the significant people in their lives and encourages them to explore the world and fulfill their potential.

因為安全感正是將人們與生命中重要他人聯繫起來，鼓勵他們探索世界並發展自身的潛能的東西。

Without their sense of safety and security, they might grow up to become overly timid, anxious, fearful, or overly attention and approval-seeking.

若缺乏安全感，他們在長大後可能會變得過度膽怯、焦慮、恐懼或過度尋求關注及認可。

And number five, it hinders your ability for meaning making.

第五點，它會阻礙你建構意義的能力。

Some of the most widely used psychological treatments given to victims of trauma include cognitive therapy, narrative therapy, and logotherapy.

最廣泛用於創傷受害者的心理治療有認知療法、敘事療法和意義療法。

All of which focus on helping clients make sense of the trauma they've experienced and create positive meaning out of it.

所有療法都側重於幫助患者瞭解自己所經歷的創傷，並從中創造正面意義。

Because victims of trauma struggle with this the most, it's often what keeps a lot of them from moving on and healing from their painful past.

因為創傷是患者最難擺脫的陰霾，這往往是很多人無法繼續前進、治癒痛苦過去的原因。

Even though traumatic experiences are usually unexpected, uncontrollable and seemingly random, we still try to make sense of it anyway.

儘管創傷經歷通常是難以預料、不可控制且幾乎是隨機的，我們仍然試圖去理解它。

But in doing so, it can distort our way of thinking so much that victims often either victimize themselves where they take away their own sense of agency and being able to do something about their trauma

但這麼做可能會大幅扭曲我們的思維方式，以至於患者往往會剝奪自己的自主感和處理創傷的能力；

or blame themselves for what happened.

要麼為所發生的事情責怪自己。

So have you or someone in your life experienced a childhood trauma that's changed the way you view life?

你或你生命中的某人曾經歷過改變你們對生命看法的童年創傷嗎？

If you are struggling with your mental health in any capacity, please don't hesitate to reach out to a mental health care professional today and seek help.

如果有任何心理健康上的煩惱，請不要猶豫，現在就向心理健康輔導的專業人士求助。

If you found this video helpful, be sure to like subscribe and share this video with those who might benefit from it.

如果你覺得這支影片有幫助，請務必按下喜歡、訂閱，並與那些可能需要的人分享這支影片。

And don't forget to hit the notification about icon to get notified whenever psyched to go post a new video.

不要忘了打開小鈴鐺，接收新影片通知。

As always, the references and studies used in this video are added in the description below.

一如往常，本次影片中使用的參考資料和研究都註記在下方的資訊欄。

Thanks so much for watching, and see you in our next video.

感謝您的觀看，我們下一支影片見。