These are creatures that are thought up by scientists in order to push the boundaries of the research to think beyond what is known computers are a great example where I could see where these ideas, you know, these imaginary beings draw research forward.

這些生物是由科學家想出來的，以推動研究的邊界，思考超越已知的東西，計算機是一個很好的例子，我可以看到這些想法，你知道，這些想象中的生命吸引研究向前。

How do we go from those very first robots to ai and try to figure out if scientists own use of the term demon had something to do with what drives people to figure out what part of it can be made real.

我們如何從最開始的那些機器人到ai，並試圖弄清楚科學家自己對惡魔一詞的使用是否與驅使人們去弄清它的哪一部分可以成為現實有關。

They're actually building these machines with these powers.

他們實際上正在建造這些具有這些能力的機器。

So laplace is demon was named after Pierre Simon Laplace, a french mathematician and astronomer.

所以拉普拉斯是惡魔是以法國數學家和天文學家皮埃爾-西蒙-拉普拉斯命名的。

The term laplace Demon is a retrospective label that was brought up all the way in the 19 twenties, laplace called it an intelligence science has made great progress in particular with the loss of motion.

拉普拉斯魔這個詞是一個回顧性的標籤，在19世紀20年代就被提出來了，拉普拉斯稱它是一種智能科學，特別是在運動的損失方面取得了很大的進展。

We pretty much knew in velocity, time, inertia mass, and laplace wondered well, you know, if you know the loss of motion and you know where every particle in the world is at one time, then you can potentially put those two things together and be able to predict the future, and you can also know the past.

我們幾乎知道在速度、時間、慣性質量和拉普拉斯想知道好，你知道，如果你知道運動的損失，你知道世界上每一個粒子在一個時間的位置，那麼你就有可能把這兩件事放在一起，能夠預測未來，你也可以知道過去。

So, a person who knows these two things can potentially know absolutely everything in the world.

是以，一個知道這兩件事的人有可能知道世界上的絕對一切。

And the plus system was extremely important and motivated Charles Babbage to create some of the first computers, it inspired ada Lovelace to actually wonder if one could ever build a computer that could think maybe we can build a computer that's practically indistinguishable from a human.

而加法系統極為重要，促使查爾斯-巴貝奇創造了一些最早的計算機，它啟發了阿達-拉芙蕾絲實際上想，如果人們能夠建造一臺計算機，也許我們可以建造一臺幾乎與人無異的計算機。

Certain demon is a fascinating creature termed in the 1980s, named after Berkeley philosopher John Searle.

某些惡魔是20世紀80年代的一種迷人的生物，以伯克利的哲學家約翰-塞爾命名。

And the question was, could there be a little creature sitting inside your brain intercepting synapses from neurons to neurons?

而問題是，會不會有一種小生物坐在你的大腦裡，攔截神經元之間的突觸？

And he would sit in the middle of two neurons and you would have an idea or a synapse and the demon would take it and send it to another neuron.

他將坐在兩個神經元的中間，你會有一個想法或一個突觸，惡魔會把它帶到另一個神經元上。

But this demon would do exactly what you would anyway.

但這個惡魔無論如何都會做你想做的事。

So if that demon could exist, then that was used as an argument by some people to argue that you could have artificial intelligences that were no different from human biological intelligences.

是以，如果那個惡魔可以存在，那麼這就被一些人用作論據，認為你可以擁有與人類生物智能無異的人工智能。

Because you could have at the very basis of thought, this very simple machine IQ Action replicate a human being.

因為你可以在思想的基礎上，用這種非常簡單的機器智商行動複製一個人。

Sometimes these demons are spelled with an A you know, it's diamond.

有時這些惡魔是用A拼寫的，你知道，這是鑽石。

So one of the person who wrote the eunuchs manual, you know, one of the first computer languages said it was by reference to greek daemons diamonds, because they did work behind the scenes, whenever computers does automatic tasks that are done in the background, they're described as being done by computer demons.

是以，寫太監手冊的人之一，你知道，最早的計算機語言之一，說它是通過參考希臘的daemons鑽石，因為他們確實在幕後工作，每當計算機做自動任務，在後臺完成，它們被描述為由計算機惡魔完成。

The very first architecture that was used to program these machine means was called pandemonium.

最早用於對這些機器手段進行編程的架構被稱為pandemonium。

The word pandemonium refers to the fact that whenever one of these demons, the subroutines would hit a match, it would holler and it would invoke another demon that demon was tasked again with doing another very simple activity, but therefore you could have an architecture in which the computer was not following a predetermined path but was by itself Coming up with conclusions that we didn't know about forehand and that became the foundation for early neural networks and for early artificial intelligence in computer science.

pandemonium這個詞指的是這樣一個事實，即每當這些惡魔中的一個，子程序會碰到一個匹配，它就會叫喊，它會調用另一個惡魔，這個惡魔的任務是再次做另一個非常簡單的活動，但是以你可以有一個架構，其中計算機不是按照預定的路徑，而是自己得出我們事先不知道的結論，這成為早期神經網絡和計算機科學的早期人工智能的基礎。

There are all these software demons that have been made by many, many people that have been improved and that are used for whenever we talk to Alexa or Siri.

有所有這些軟件的惡魔，已經有很多很多人做了改進，每當我們與Alexa或Siri交談時，都會用到這些軟件。

So it is a very important aspect of artificial intelligence.

所以它是人工智能的一個非常重要的方面。

To look at the history, see how it's actually made, how it is constructed in order to try to get a hold of it, artificial intelligence is very frequently described as demonic.

要看看歷史，看看它究竟是如何製造的，如何構建的，以試圖掌握它，人工智能非常頻繁地被描述為惡魔。

Elon musk says that it is like summoning the demon.

埃隆-馬斯克說，這就像是在召喚惡魔。

So it's another of those aspects in the book, like atomic energy, where both scientists were literally using the term demon in their actual work but also understanding these things as having potentially demonic consequences.

是以，這是書中的另一個方面，就像原子能一樣，兩位科學家在實際工作中都實實在在地使用了惡魔這個詞，但也把這些東西理解為具有潛在的惡魔般的後果。

Computers can simulate life processes such as the working of the human heart.

計算機可以模擬生命過程，如人類心臟的工作。

So I do hope that by looking again at a very detailed history of artificial intelligence.

是以，我確實希望通過再次審視人工智能的非常詳細的歷史。

Going back to the 1950s with touring and 1960s with Oliver Selfridge and these creatures that we have always thought of as little entities that can bend or break the laws of nature continue to be very useful in very common ways in order to push the boundaries of science and technology by reference to this term, we can get a little bit more of a better grasp to what is it about Ai that needs to be feared.

回到20世紀50年代的旅遊和60年代的奧利弗-塞爾弗裡奇，這些我們一直認為是可以彎曲或打破自然法則的小實體的生物，繼續以非常普通的方式非常有用，以推動科學和技術的邊界，通過參考這個術語，我們可以更好地掌握一點，關於艾的什麼是需要害怕的。

That is sort of demonic.

這有點像惡魔。

And what about it is part of our tradition of working and building technologies that have the attributes of these creatures that we've always been fascinated with.

而它是我們工作和建造技術傳統的一部分，這些技術具有我們一直著迷的這些生物的屬性。

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通過世界上最大的思想家的視頻，更快變得更聰明，要想從世界上最大的思想家那裡學到更多東西，請為你的企業獲得big think plus。