It's home to mines containing some of the purest gold in the world.

它是含有世界上一些最純淨的黃金的礦場所在地。

But while consumers in richer countries are prepared to pay high prices for a finished product.

但是，雖然較富裕國家的消費者準備為一個成品支付高價。

The men who mind this precious commodity are paying a price of a different kind.

介意這種珍貴商品的人正在付出另一種代價。

Extortion and rights abuses are rife at the DRC gold mines which are controlled by a brutal rebel group.

剛果民主共和國的金礦由一個殘暴的反叛組織控制，勒索和侵犯權利的情況比比皆是。

Access to foreign journalists has been restricted until now.

直到現在，對外國記者的訪問都受到限制。

But a joint investigation with the german news weekly Der Spiegel has resulted in D.

但與德國新聞週刊《明鏡週刊》的聯合調查導致了D。

W.

W.

S.

S.

Mariel miller being allowed to enter to rebel controlled gold mines and speak to minors themselves.

瑪麗爾-米勒被允許進入到叛軍控制的金礦，並與未成年人自己交談。

This gold may gleam brightly, but it is stained red with blood.

這種金子可能閃閃發光，但它被血染紅了。

People likely died for this precious metal destined for the rich world's finest jewelries.

人們很可能為了這種註定用於富人世界最好的珠寶的貴重金屬而死亡。

The Democratic Republic of the Congo has some of the purest gold in the world.

剛果民主共和國擁有世界上一些最純淨的黃金。

But experts say almost all of it smuggled out of the country illegally.

但專家們說，幾乎所有的東西都是非法偷運出國的。

That often means links to armed groups and human rights abuses.

這往往意味著與武裝團體和侵犯人權行為有聯繫。

It all starts here in suffocatingly hot tunnels that hit up to 40°C young men scrape out the gold bearing rock, they earn barely enough to survive on for fear of reprisals.

這一切都從這裡開始，在高達40°C的令人窒息的高溫隧道中，年輕人刮出了含金的岩石，他們賺的錢勉強夠生存，因為害怕報復。

This man wants to remain anonymous.

這個人希望保持匿名。

When you go to work, you just pray to God because we're feeling like it's a death sentence.

當你去工作時，你只是向上帝祈禱，因為我們感覺這是一個死亡判決。

Often it is when the mines cave in six years ago, more than 20 people were buried alive.

通常是在六年前礦井塌陷時，有20多人被活埋。

I was there with my three brothers and other miners, all of them were trapped inside the mine.

我和我的三個兄弟以及其他礦工都在那裡，他們都被困在礦井裡。

Even now, their bodies are still inside.

即使現在，他們的身體仍在裡面。

I was sad really down but I can't be sad for long.

我真的很傷心，但我不能長時間地傷心。

I have to earn a living.

我必須要謀生。

And on top of that this mine is controlled by an armed group.

除此之外，這個礦場還被一個武裝團體控制。

The my my MBA.

我的我的MBA。

According to a recent report, the rebels demand what they call taxes from each worker.

根據最近的一份報告，叛亂分子要求向每個工人徵收他們所謂的稅收。

They beat me up with an iron rod because they couldn't pay their tax.

他們用鐵棍打我，因為他們付不起稅。

They threw me into a mud hole for days with no food.

他們把我扔在一個泥坑裡好幾天，沒有食物。

I was imprisoned there with six other people.

我和其他六個人被關在那裡。

He lost 10 kg.

他瘦了10公斤。

He says other miners tell us similar stories.

他說，其他礦工告訴我們類似的故事。

They say the Mai mai are never far even now they're hiding further up the mountain because they weren't formed.

他們說，麥飯石從未走遠，即使現在它們躲在更遠的山上，因為它們沒有形成。

We were coming.

我們來了。

This is the first time journalists have access this mine.

這是記者們第一次進入這個礦區。

Both the Mamiya Katumba and local government officials declined our interview requests.

瑪米亞-卡圖姆巴和當地政府官員都拒絕了我們的採訪要求。

It's widely known that the rebels often work together with local authorities and even share profits with them.

眾所周知，叛軍經常與地方當局合作，甚至與他們分享利潤。

But with the money they also finance brutal attacks on an ethnic group who they see as their main enemy.

但是，他們也用這些錢資助了對一個被他們視為主要敵人的族裔群體的殘酷攻擊。

The my my claim the Banya mulenga don't belong to the D.

我的我聲稱Banya mulenga不屬於D。

R.

R.

C.

C.

So they burn down their villages, rape and kill scores of people eastern.

是以，他們燒燬了他們的村莊，強姦並殺害了東部的幾十人。

And you're a survived one of these attacks, They found us at the place where we had sought refuge and they killed three people.

他們在我們尋求庇護的地方找到了我們，並殺死了三個人。

Then they murdered my father in law and injured my mother in law both of them were over 80.

然後他們謀殺了我的岳父，並打傷了我的岳母，他們都已年過八旬。

She says she and her family were forced to March for days with no food.

她說，她和她的家人被迫在沒有食物的情況下行進了好幾天。

Then they took her husband.

然後他們帶走了她的丈夫。

She never saw him again.

她再也沒有見過他。

Later she learned he was hacked to death with a machete.

後來她得知他是被人用砍刀砍死的。

They killed dozens displaced hundreds.

他們殺死了幾十人，使數百人流離失所。

Now easter safe, sheltering at a friend's house.

現在復活節安全了，在一個朋友的家裡避難。

Rebel control of the mines means conflict gold, but that's not deterring this businessman.

叛軍控制礦區意味著衝突黃金，但這並沒有阻止這位商人。

The purity of the precious metal has convinced him soon.

貴金屬的純度很快就說服了他。

He plans to open the first gold refinery in the country and export from DRC to europe and America.

他計劃在該國開設第一家黃金精煉廠，並從剛果民主共和國出口到歐洲和美國。

At the moment we discussing a lot with the government.

目前，我們與政府進行了很多討論。

They will check all artisans who are coming to work here.

他們將檢查所有要來這裡工作的工匠。

We will, they will try and trace how is going on.

我們將，他們將試圖追蹤是如何進行的。

And maybe it will help.

而且也許會有幫助。

I hope it will help.

我希望這將會有所幫助。

But ensuring authenticity will be difficult, traders tell us they fake certificates to hide the real origin of the gold.

但確保真實性將是困難的，貿易商告訴我們，他們偽造證書以掩蓋黃金的真正來源。

Eastern and a huracan only appeal for an end to the trade in blood gold.

東方和一個颶風只呼籲結束血金交易。

I hear the my my cell go to white people to buy weapons.

我聽說我的我的細胞去找白人買武器。

That's why they sell the gold.

這就是他們出售黃金的原因。

I want to tell these white people to stop buying from them so they don't kill us with these weapons.

我想告訴這些白人，不要再向他們買東西了，這樣他們就不會用這些武器殺死我們。

For easter, it is a simple equation.

對於復活節，這是一個簡單的方程式。

As long as armed groups can reap profits from gold mining, they will keep earning the cash to kill for more.

只要武裝團體能夠從黃金開採中獲取利潤，他們就會不斷賺取現金，以獲取更多的殺戮。

We can speak now with Christophe fogle.

我們現在可以和克里斯托夫-福格爾通話。

He's an expert on Central Africa and recently published a book about the role minerals play in conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

他是中部非洲的專家，最近出版了一本關於礦物在剛果民主共和國衝突中的作用的書。

He joins us from brussels.

他從布魯塞爾加入我們。

Thanks for being with us.

謝謝你和我們在一起。

First of all, Christof.

首先，克里斯托夫。

The mind we saw in that report, it's one of many in the D.

我們在那份報告中看到的心態，是D市許多人中的一個。

R.

R.

C.

C.

The country has rich reserves of minerals yet its people remain among the poorest in the world.

該國擁有豐富的礦產儲備，但其人民仍然是世界上最貧窮的國家之一。

Can you explain that discrepancy for us?

你能為我們解釋這一差異嗎？

Yeah.

是的。

Hello.

你好。

There is.

有的。

Well there's probably two things to say on the on a broader scale.

那麼，在更廣泛的範圍內，大概有兩件事可以說。

The first one being um Indeed um the Congo is like rich in minerals and produces a lot of very important minerals.

第一個是嗯，確實嗯，剛果的礦物很豐富，生產很多非常重要的礦物。

However um the link between those artisanal mines and poverty is a bit mistaken because um um the industrial mines were especially copper and cobalt are sourced in other parts of the country where there has been a lot of corruption involving international companies in the past decades or actually sort of the main economic engine of the country.

然而，這些手工採礦和貧困之間的聯繫是有點錯誤的，因為嗯，工業礦特別是銅和鈷的來源是在該國的其他地方，那裡在過去幾十年裡有很多涉及國際公司的腐敗，或者實際上是該國的主要經濟引擎。

That would um need sort of a reform to actually benefit the people and fight poverty on a larger scale.

這將嗯需要某種改革，以真正惠及人民，並在更大範圍內消除貧困。

And the second thing is if you look at the Eastern Congo where you have a lot of armed conflicts going on.

第二件事是，如果你看一下東剛果，那裡有很多武裝衝突在進行。

It is true that the story that we just heard about the Mamiya Katumba is one of the clear cases where there is um control for the sake of mining by armed groups.

誠然，我們剛剛聽到的關於Mamiya Katumba的故事是武裝團體為採礦而進行um控制的明顯案例之一。

However, out of the some hand, 120 armed groups that are currently operating in Eastern Congo, that is pretty much an outlier case where we see today that there is only a minority of armed groups that are actually operating with the main objective to secure mining areas.

然而，在目前在東剛果活動的大約120個武裝團體中，這幾乎是一個例外情況，我們今天看到，只有少數武裝團體實際上是以保護礦區為主要目標在活動。

Okay, so it's important to keep an eye on the commercial aspect of minerals extraction in the DRC as well.

好的，所以在剛果民主共和國也要注意礦物開採的商業方面。

Tell us why authorities in the DRC have not tackled the illegal mining of gold.

告訴我們為什麼剛果民主共和國當局沒有處理非法開採黃金的問題。

Well, for a number of reasons, I mean, the first reason sort of was implied in my answer in my previous answer that in the end, um the artisanal mining of gold, but also other substances, substances such as Colton does not represent a very important share of Congo's economy.

好吧，由於一些原因，我的意思是，第一個原因是在我之前的回答中暗示的，最終，嗯，黃金的手工開採，但也有其他物質，如Colton的物質並不代表剛果經濟的一個非常重要的份額。

So there is a limited attention as compared to other sectors such as copper and cobalt, where industrial mining is um, is way more important that than, than the goal being exported from Congo.

是以，與銅和鈷等其他行業相比，人們的關注是有限的，因為在這些行業中，工業採礦比從剛果出口的目標更重要。

The second reason is that um the threshold of what is legal and illegal is often not very clear.

第二個原因是，嗯，什麼是合法和非法的界限往往不是很清楚。

So you had sort of contraband and fraud in gold, especially to neighboring countries such as Uganda has a very long story and it's often not perceived necessarily as um an illegal thing and that has predated armed conflict and will probably also extend if ever armed conflict will end in that region.

是以，你有某種違禁品和黃金欺詐，特別是對烏干達等鄰國的違禁品和黃金欺詐有一個非常長的故事，它往往不被認為一定是非法的事情，這在武裝衝突之前就已經存在，如果該地區的武裝衝突將結束，也可能會延長。

Now there are international efforts to regulate unethical mining in the DRC and elsewhere.

現在，國際社會正在努力規範剛果民主共和國和其他地方的不道德的採礦行為。

How successful are those efforts?

這些努力的成功程度如何？

Well, there have been efforts in um in other minerals, especially colton tin and tungsten um that um broadly failed because they didn't the United brought an end to two armed activities in the region, nor could they actually give a reasonable assurance in the case of gold is a little bit more complicated because there's a number of pilot projects to trace the origin of of so called conflict gold.

嗯，在其他礦物方面也有過努力，特別是科爾頓的錫和鎢，嗯，廣泛地失敗了，因為他們沒有使聯合國結束該地區的兩個武裝活動，他們也不能實際給出合理的保證，黃金的情況有點複雜，因為有一些試點項目來追蹤所謂的衝突黃金的來源。

But the chemical composition of gold, which is unique as in that it is exactly identical from a geochemical point makes it harder to trace gold to its origin.

但是，黃金的化學成分是獨特的，因為從地球化學的角度來看，它是完全相同的，這使得追蹤黃金的來源更加困難。

And the value for for weight, which is much higher in gold than in most other minerals, also makes it much easier to hide in small quantities that can then be brought together again into bigger quantities in major hubs such as Dubai or places in europe and also christoph.

而且，黃金的重量價值比大多數其他礦物要高得多，這也使得它更容易以小批量的方式隱藏起來，然後可以在迪拜或歐洲和克里斯托夫等主要中心地區再次彙集成大批量的黃金。

Thank you very much.

非常感謝你。

I'm afraid we're out of time there.

恐怕我們已經沒有時間了。

That was that was author and researcher christoph.

那是那是作者和研究人員Christoph。