Germany is finalizing plans to introduce gas price caps.

德國正在敲定引入天然氣價格上限的計劃。

The unilateral move is part of the country's €200 billion euro package to limit the impact of inflation Under the proposals due to be officially announced on Wednesday, the average household would save around €1000 a year on their gas bills.

這一單邊行動是該國2000億歐元一攬子計劃的一部分，以限制通貨膨脹的影響。根據將於週三正式宣佈的建議，普通家庭每年將節省約1000歐元的天然氣賬單。

Big industrial companies would also benefit from price caps.

大型工業公司也將從價格上限中受益。

But in their case the measures come on condition of keeping existing operations in Germany and 90% of jobs in the country for a year.

但在他們的情況下，這些措施的條件是在德國保持現有業務和90%的工作崗位，為期一年。

So far, there's been no agreement on an eu wide price cap for gas for more on this.

到目前為止，還沒有就歐盟範圍內的天然氣價格上限達成協議，以瞭解更多相關資訊。

Let's talk now to energy analyst and lecturer at the hearty school of governance, thomas O'donnell.

現在讓我們來談談能源分析師和亨特治理學院的講師，托馬斯-奧唐納。

Hi thomas, lovely to see you.

嗨，托馬斯，很高興見到你。

It's really interesting that the government is attaching conditions to these gas price caps for companies.

政府為企業的這些天然氣價格上限附加了條件，這真的很有意思。

Do you think it's very worried about a corporate exodus?

你認為它非常擔心企業外流嗎？

Well, thank you for having me kate.

嗯，謝謝你邀請我，凱特。

Of course they're very worried back years.

當然，他們非常擔心後面幾年。

Some years ago when the fracking revolution, natural gas revolution took started to take place in the United States and Germany and meanwhile had the highest prices in europe with energy.

幾年前，當壓裂革命、天然氣革命開始在美國和德國發生時，與此同時，歐洲的能源價格最高。

Many energy intensive companies especially refining had already gone to Louisiana and the U.

許多能源密集型公司，特別是煉油公司已經去了路易斯安那州和美國。

S.

S.

And now with an energy war versus Russia.

現在又有了與俄羅斯的能源戰爭。

And the cake complete cut off by Russia of all the gas supplies that Germany particularly relied on so heavily it is a very serious situation.

而俄羅斯完全切斷了德國特別依賴的所有天然氣供應，這是一個非常嚴重的情況。

Yes.

是的。

And they don't want to give money to companies if the company is going to take it and leave right away.

而且，如果公司打算拿了錢馬上就走，他們也不想把錢給公司。

Exactly.

正是如此。

And on that very point, these measures come just a couple of days after the biggest chemicals company in the world announced major cost cuts in europe and an expansion of its operations in china.

在這一點上，這些措施是在這家世界上最大的化學品公司宣佈在歐洲大幅削減成本並擴大在中國的業務之後幾天採取的。

Do you think these measures are going to be enough to prevent other companies from following suit?

你認為這些措施是否足以阻止其他公司效仿？

Well, no, I think they'll take they'll take their lead from B.

好吧，不，我認為他們會把他們的領導權交給B。

A.

A.

S.

S.

F.

F.

Look, german government policy, not only Merkel, but before is B.

看，德國政府的政策，不僅是默克爾，以前也是B。

A.

A.

S.

S.

F.

F.

Policy, there is no difference between it.

政策，它之間沒有任何區別。

B A S.

B A S。

F owned part of a major gas field that Gazprom controlled up in your own boy, they got a significant amount of the gas that came through North Stream one as owners and only paid transmission and taxes.

F公司擁有Gazprom控制的一個主要氣田的一部分，他們作為業主獲得了大量通過北溪一號的天然氣，只支付傳輸和稅收。

This was central to their business plan, cheap Russian gas and, and just like certain politicians pushed this very hard for years, contrary to the advice of Eastern european countries of people in brussels and in the United States, it has happened exactly what they want, Putin has weaponized it.

這是他們商業計劃的核心，廉價的俄羅斯天然氣，就像某些政客多年來極力推動的那樣，與布魯塞爾和美國的人的東歐國家的建議相反，這正是他們想要的結果，普京已經將其武器化。

And B A.

和B A。

S F is in a big crisis.

S F正處於一個大危機中。

Um, it's not clear how they're going to escape this.

嗯，現在還不清楚他們如何逃避這個問題。

They're building a big plant in china, which people are warning them this is another, another potential geopolitical mistake.

他們正在中國建造一個大工廠，人們警告他們這是另一個，另一個潛在的地緣政治錯誤。

So we've got quite a lot of factors at play here now, managing gas prices is one thing, but with a recession looming, what else do you think the german government needs to do to keep companies afloat?

是以，我們現在有相當多的因素在起作用，管理天然氣價格是一件事，但隨著經濟衰退的迫近，你認為德國政府還需要做什麼來維持公司的發展？

Uh, well, you know, there was a B I.

呃，嗯，你知道，有一個B一。

D.

D.

The german federation of Businesses didn't a survey a couple months ago and they found something like a third of companies were actually fearing that they might become insolvent, go bankrupt and at least 60% saw a very difficult situation.

德國企業聯合會幾個月前做了一項調查，他們發現大約有三分之一的公司實際上擔心他們可能會破產，至少有60%的公司認為情況非常困難。

Look um, companies will go bankrupt.

看嗯，公司會破產。

It's an energy war and Germany, you know, prepared very poorly for it.

這是一場能源戰爭，而德國，你知道，對它的準備非常差。

Uh, and there's an energy war and there will be casualties.

呃，有一場能源戰爭，會有人員傷亡。

So the question is, how much will society will taxpayers say we need to support some of these that will go bankrupt and are going bankrupt.

是以，問題是，社會上的納稅人會說，我們需要支持其中一些將破產和正在破產的人，會有多少錢。

Um, and how will that take place?

嗯，那將如何進行呢？

Will they see that as fair will it depends how much citizens feel their bills, their woes are being taken care of by the present price cap and subsidy program the government is announcing and on that notion of solidarity, the EU has failed to agree on a common gas price cap.

他們會認為這很公平嗎？這取決於公民們覺得他們的賬單、他們的困境被政府宣佈的目前的價格上限和補貼計劃所照顧，在這個團結的概念上，歐盟未能就一個共同的天然氣價格上限達成一致。

How damaging is it for countries to go alone?

國家單獨行動的危害性有多大？

Well, here's the problem.

那麼，問題來了。

Um, what we have to be very careful of is that the, the countries don't turn on one another.

嗯，我們必須非常小心的是，這些國家不會彼此反目。

For example, Germany has been able to fill its uh, its storage with the Russian gas cut off now, how did that happen?

例如，德國已經能夠填補它的呃，它的存儲與俄羅斯的天然氣切斷現在，這是怎麼發生的？

Well by paying a very high price, by willing to pay whatever is necessary.

那麼通過付出非常高的代價，通過願意付出任何必要的代價。

So people have talked about that, developing countries, Pakistan sri Lanka can't get gas because europe is buying it.

是以，人們已經談到，開發中國家，巴基斯坦和斯里蘭卡無法獲得天然氣，因為歐洲正在購買。

But between the european countries, if Germany is paying more and can pay more, that takes away from its neighbors.

但是在歐洲國家之間，如果德國支付更多，並且能夠支付更多，這就從其鄰國那裡拿走了。

So if we start going into a bit of a price war between the companies, the problem is, if some countries cap the price of gas, that means that the gas will go somewhere else if there is more available and that sets up an unpleasant competition, you can say.

是以，如果我們開始進入公司之間的價格戰，問題是，如果一些國家對天然氣的價格設置上限，這意味著如果有更多的天然氣可供利用，天然氣就會流向其他地方，這就形成了一種不愉快的競爭，你可以說。

So this has to be sorted out the european level.

是以，這必須在歐洲層面加以解決。

We need a common policy.

我們需要一個共同的政策。

We do indeed, thomas O'donnell, thank you very much, of course.

我們確實如此，托馬斯-奧唐納，當然，非常感謝你。