Rhombus, Greeg, Shrimpy Danielson, who appeared in like a couple of episodes 5 years ago, and of course, the wonderful Circlia.

Rhombus、Greeg、Shrimpy Danielson，他在五年前好像出現在某幾集過，當然，還有很棒的 Circlia。

And me, Mocko! I just showed up because I'm lonely. 

還有我 Mocko！我會出現在這裡只是因為我很孤獨。

Great, stay over there! Whoa! Everyone! Look out the window! There's a horde of glowing Ghouls! 

很好，待在那裡！哇！各位！看看窗外！有一群發光的食屍鬼！

Triangle Bob, start boarding up the windows, and me…well, I'll do the most appropriate thing for this situation: make a Youtube video!

Triangle Bob，開始用木板封住窗戶，而我⋯⋯我會在這種情況下做最合適的事情，就是製作一支 Youtube 影片！

What? Knowledge is power! Queue the intro!

幹嘛？知識就是力量啊！幫我播開場白！

Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin!

嘿，你們好！歡迎來到 Life Noggin！

These Glowing Ghouls exist in my world, but not in your human world, right? Well, kind of.

這些發光的食屍鬼存在於我的世界，但不存在於你們人類世界，對嗎？嗯，算是吧。

Your body actually produces a substance that glows and understanding it might be a key to treating age-related diseases.

你的身體其實會產生一種會發光的物質，了解它可能是治療與年齡有關的疾病的關鍵。

Yeah, these two things are related, but to explain it more, we need to first talk about what happens when your body's recycling plant starts failing.

是的，這兩件事是相關的，但為了進一步解釋，我們需要先談談當你身體的回收工廠開始出現故障時會發生什麼。

To keep us running properly, our cells process a lot of different materials, like proteins.

為了讓我們身體正常運轉，我們的細胞會處理許多不同的物質，例如蛋白質。

But eventually, these materials become damaged or are no longer needed.

但最終，這些物質會損壞或不再需要。

Instead of just letting all this junk pile up, the lysosomes in our cells contain powerful chemicals called enzymes that break molecules apart so they can be reused.

我們細胞中的溶酶體不僅讓所有這些垃圾堆積起來，還含有稱為酶的強大化學物質，可以將分子分開，以便它們可以重複使用。

Very resourceful humans. Good job!

非常足智多謀的人類。 好樣的！

But sometimes things go wrong. 

但有時事情會出錯。

Lysosomes can be overloaded with waste, or the waste materials aren't brought to the lysosomes at all.

溶酶體可能因廢棄物過多，或者廢棄物根本沒有被帶到溶酶體裡。

Excuse me, one second. Circlia, could you take care of them, please. Thanks, honey! You're the best.

不好意思，稍等一下。 Circlia，你能處理他們一下嗎？ 謝謝，親愛的！ 你是最棒的。

One type of cellular junk is lipofuscin.

有一種細胞垃圾是脂褐素。

This is a yellowish-brown pigment made up of proteins, fats, and metals.

這是一種由蛋白質、脂肪和金屬組成的黃棕色的色素。

Scientists aren't sure exactly how it forms, but believe that one of the sources is damaged mitochondria.

科學家們不確定它究竟是如何形成的，但它們相信其中一個來源是受損的線粒體。

It's okay, buddy. You don't always have to be the powerhouse.

沒關係，夥伴。 你不一定都要當最強的。

Whatever its origin, lipofuscin seems to grow once formed, grabbing onto everything it comes in contact with.

不管它的來源是什麼，脂褐素似乎一旦形成就會生長，抓住它接觸到的一切。

And because it forms strong bonds, it can't be removed from the cell.

而且因為它形成牢固的鍵，所以它不能從細胞中移除。

As we age, lipofuscin accumulates. 

隨著我們的年齡增長，脂褐素惠不斷積累。

One group of scientists found that it occupies as much as 70% of the volume of brain cells of people over 100.

一組科學家發現，它佔據了 100 歲以上人群腦細胞體積的 70%。

Oh, yeah. It also glows.

對了，它還會發光。

This is called autofluorescence and it happens when lipofuscin is exposed to blue or purple light.

這稱為自體螢光，當脂褐素暴露於藍光或紫光時會發生這種情況。

These EDM-loving monsters in my world are definitely fluorescent, but if people are full of this glowing substance, why don't we see it everywhere?

我的世界裡這些喜歡 EDM 的怪物絕對是螢光的，但如果人們身上充滿了這種發光的物質，為什麼我們到處都看不到呢？

I mean, 600 million years of animal life–and death–on your planet would lead to a lot of undegraded lipofuscin, right?

我的意思是，在你們星球上 6 億年時光下的動物生命和死亡會導致大量未降解的脂褐素，對嗎？

Well, other organisms in your human world do have the enzymes needed to break lipofuscin and other stubborn junk down, such as microbes like bacteria.

人類世界中的其他生物確實具有分解脂褐素和其他頑固垃圾所需的酶，例如細菌等微生物。

There are plenty of these microbes in our soil that help decompose dead bodies! Fun!

我們的土壤中有很多這樣的微生物可以幫助分解屍體！ 真有趣！

And this, my flesh monsters with an expiration date, is what has inspired scientists to use these enzymes to treat age-related diseases.

而這個，會過期的肉體怪物，激發了科學家們使用這些酶來治療與年齡有關的疾病。

Hey, there's that tie-in I mentioned in the beginning of the vidoe.

嘿，這跟我在影片開頭提到的相呼應。

It's all connected and it's all fascinating!

這一切都是相連的，這一切都令人著迷！

You see, when a cell's recycling system fails, and there's a build-up of junk, the cell can become dysfunctional.

當細胞的回收系統出現故障，並且垃圾堆積時，細胞的功能就會失調。

This leads to age-related diseases like atherosclerosis, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and macular degeneration.

這會導致與年齡有關的疾病，如動脈粥狀硬化、帕金森氏症、阿茨海默症和黃斑部病變。

All of which are very bad.

以上這些疾病都很嚴重。

But these diseases could be treated using new, engineered enzymes based off of microbes.

但是這些疾病可以使用基於微生物的新型工程酶來治療。

For instance, a team of researchers discovered an enzyme in mycobacteria that could be engineered to break down excess cholesterol.

例如，一組研究人員在分枝桿菌中發現了一種酶，可以對它進行改造以分解多餘的膽固醇。

This excess can cause atherosclerosis as it builds up and creates plaques that reduce blood flow or cause the artery to burst, leading to a blood clot.

多餘的膽固醇會導致動脈粥狀硬化，因為它會累積並產生斑塊，從而減少血液流動或導致動脈破裂，進而導致血凝塊。

When tested in mice, the cholesterol-degrading platform eliminated half of the pre-existing plaque in their cute little mouse aortas.

在小老鼠身上進行測試時，膽固醇降解消除了可愛的小老鼠主動脈中已有的一半斑塊。

This and other lysosome-based treatment strategies are being funded by the SENS Research Foundation's LysoSENS research track. 

這種和其他基於溶酶體的治療策略由 SENS 研究基金會 Lyso SENS 研究軌道資助。

Oh hey! They sponsored this video!

哦，對了！他們贊助了這支影片喔！

So, if you're interested in learning more about them and their work, click the first link in the description right now.

所以如果你有興趣了解更多有關他們及其工作的內容，請立即點開說明欄中的第一個連結。

So here's my question to you, the beautiful person watching:

以下是我要給你們這些在觀看這支影片的美麗人類們：

If you could live to the age of 200 and you are completely healthy, would you do it?

如果你能活到 200 歲，而且身體完全健康，你會願意嗎？

What age would you even want to live to and what would you do with that extra time?

你會想活到幾歲，還有你會用那多出來的時間做什麼？

Let me know in the comments section below. I'm going to be gathering some responses for a future video!

請在下面留言告訴我。我會為未來的影片收集一些回覆！

Click subscribe, hit the bell and click the like because it really helps us out.

按下訂閱，開啟小鈴鐺並按讚，這對我們真的有幫助。

As always, my name is Blocko. This has been Life Noggin. Don't forget to keep on thinking.

像往常一樣，我是 Blocko。這裡是 Life Noggin。不要忘了持續思考。