and prestigious concert halls in Britain and the world.

以及英國和世界上著名的音樂廳。

It's 150 years old,

它有150年的歷史了。

and basically every world famous musician and band has performed here at some point.

基本上每一個世界著名的音樂家和樂隊都曾在這裡表演過。

The trouble is, the science of acoustics

問題是，聲學的科學

wasn't really well developed back in the 19th century.

在19世紀的時候還沒有真正發展起來。

A tall, oval-shaped auditorium with a domed glass roof,

一個高大的、橢圓形的禮堂，有一個圓頂玻璃屋頂。

well, it looked impressive and regal,

好吧，它看起來令人印象深刻，很有威嚴。

but it created an accidental echo chamber,

但它創造了一個意外的回聲室。

the exact opposite of the focused sound that you'd want for a concert.

與你在音樂會上想要的集中的聲音完全相反。

Beautiful location, terrible sound.

美麗的地點，可怕的聲音。

To see how they fixed it, we need to go up,

要看他們是如何修復的，我們需要往上走。

to the parts that the public aren't allowed into.

到公眾不被允許進入的部分。

- It was constructed without any thoughts

- 它是在沒有任何想法的情況下建造的

of acoustics, really, but it was also glazed,

真的，是聲學的問題，但它也是釉面的問題。

it was daylit, naturally lit.

它是日照，自然光。

The Prince of Wales who became King Edward VII

成為國王愛德華七世的威爾士王子

made a speech there at the public opening.

在公開的開幕式上發表了講話。

Everyone heard his voice twice.

每個人都聽到了他的聲音兩次。

So immediately they had to do something to solve the acoustics,

是以，他們必須立即做些什麼來解決聲學問題。

and they installed what's called a calico velarium,

他們安裝了所謂的卡里科天鵝堡。

it's like a sail cloth hung from the roof.

它就像一塊掛在屋頂上的帆布。

It was partially successful,

它是部分成功的。

the inner-glazed roof suffered from leakage,

內層玻璃的屋頂遭受到漏水。

broken glass panes as a result of the Second World War,

由於第二次世界大戰的影響，玻璃窗格破碎。

and also daylight really wasn't suitable for a modern hall.

而且日光真的不適合現代大廳。

The inner glazing of the dome was removed and replaced in 1949

穹頂的內層玻璃在1949年被拆除和替換。

by an aluminium velarium, which is what you see there now.

由一個鋁製的天窗，也就是你現在看到的東西。

In the late 1960s, the now-iconic "mushrooms" were added to the hall.

在20世紀60年代末，現在具有代表性的 "蘑菇 "被添加到大廳中。

They are suspended, convex diffusers,

它們是懸浮的、凸形的擴散器。

and they help cut down the echo tremendously.

它們有助於極大地減少回聲。

In 2019, the sound system was replaced completely

2019年，音響系統被徹底更換

within the hall, and the subjective response,

廳內，以及主觀的反應。

the reaction from audiences, has been absolutely tremendous.

觀眾的反應，絕對是巨大的。

- This is right at the top of the hall.

- 這裡就在大廳的頂部。

That is the glass roof, it is 40 meters down to the floor,

那是玻璃屋頂，它距離地面有40米。

and just through there is an air vent called the "corona",

就在那裡，有一個叫做 "日冕 "的通風口。

and running across it is a tension steel mesh

貫穿其中的是一個緊張的鋼網

to let the technicians access it.

以讓技術人員訪問它。

I am assured by the team here that it is fail-safe

這裡的團隊向我保證，它是無故障的。

and I can walk on it.

而且我可以在上面行走。

Guy, hello!

蓋伊，你好！

- Hello, welcome to the corona.

- 你好，歡迎來到科羅娜。

- Oh, it's a lot cooler in here.

- 哦，這裡面涼快多了。

[laughing] Must be... oh, I looked down!

[笑]一定是......哦，我往下看了看!

[laughing] I should not have looked down.

[笑]我不應該往下看。

I mean, you're health and safety officer here, right?

我是說，你是這裡的健康和安全官員，對嗎？

- That's right, yeah.

- 這是正確的，是的。

- You're just casually standing on the mesh?

- 你只是隨意地站在網狀物上？

- Mm-hm. Yep. Feel free to step out with me.

- 嗯，嗯。是的。隨意和我一起走出去。

- That's a full fear response from me, that.

- 這是我的一個充分的恐懼反應，這。

I was going to say, is there anything I can grab onto?

我想說的是，有什麼我可以抓住的嗎？

I was going to- - That's very greasy.

我打算......那是非常油膩的。

So most people hold my hand.

所以大多數人都握著我的手。

Including the fire brigade! - [laughing] I was going to ask,

包括消防隊!- [笑]我正想問。

like, who has to come out here?

就像，誰要到這裡來？

Oh my god, it bounces. It bounces.

哦，我的上帝，它反彈了。它彈起來了。

Who has to come out here?

誰一定要來這裡？

- Technicians, people who need to put shows on and rigging.

- 技術人員，需要把演出和索具的人。

- Haah, ha-haah. Putting all my weight on that foot

- 哈，哈哈哈。把我所有的重量放在那隻腳上

is so, so difficult, bloody hell.

是如此，如此困難，該死的地獄。

Oh my god, don't bounce!

哦，我的天哪，不要彈了!

- The weight of the Royal Albert Hall roof,

- 皇家阿爾伯特大廳屋頂的重量。

the dead weight of the wrought-iron structure is about 340 tonnes.

鍛鐵結構的自重約為340噸。

The roof itself in total can take about a thousand tonnes,

屋頂本身的總重量可以達到約一千噸。

inclusive of all permanent and imposed loads, such as wind and snow loading.

包括所有永久和強加的負荷，如風和雪的負荷。

There is approximately a hundred motorized chain hoists

大約有一百臺電動環鏈葫蘆

which hang from the original wrought iron structure of the roof,

懸掛在屋頂的原始鍛鐵結構上。

which vary in their load rating,

它們的額定負荷各不相同。

but some can carry up to 1-2 tonnes of show infrastructure.

但有些人可以攜帶多達1-2噸的演出基礎設施。

We have lighting rails, which support lighting,

我們有照明軌道，支持照明。

sound speakers, as well as the mushrooms

聲音揚聲器，以及蘑菇

which provide the acoustic dampening of the auditorium.

它提供了禮堂的聲學阻尼。

The mushrooms, despite their quite substantial size,

蘑菇，儘管它們的體積相當可觀。

only weight around 40kg.

只有40公斤左右的重量。

All of the mushrooms, show infrastructure, speakers,

所有的蘑菇，顯示基礎設施，揚聲器。

is all hung from the original wrought iron roof structure.

是全部懸掛在原來的鍛鐵屋頂結構上。

- I am not sure I can move right now.

- 我不確定我現在能不能移動。

I'm genuinely...

我是真心的...

- Just look forward, just look forward and walk.

- 只要向前看，只要向前看，就能走。

Just walk, there's no way you can fall.

只要走路，就不可能跌倒。

There's no way you can fall.

你不可能跌倒。

Just walk, look, just look at the pole,

就這樣走著，看著，就這樣看著杆子。

and that's it, you've done it, well done.

就這樣，你已經做到了，做得很好。

- Thing is-

- 問題是--

- Congratulations(!) - Thank you.

- 恭喜(!) - 謝謝你。

I know it's all my head

我知道這都是我的想法

because the pole is connected exactly the same

因為極點的連接是完全相同的

as this grid is.

因為這個網格是。

- So this is the corona, the crown,

- 是以，這是日冕，是冠冕。

and that is the oculus above us.

而這就是我們上方的微光。

- It's creaking.

- 它在吱吱作響。

- That's the heat expanding,

- 那是熱量在膨脹。

so temperatures are regularly in the thirties and forties.

是以，氣溫經常在三十和四十度左右。

- Typically, whenever there's a fall-from-height risk,

- 通常情況下，只要有從高處墜落的風險。

the factor of safety on the material properties

材料特性的安全係數

that would go into the design of the tension wire grid

在拉線網的設計中，要考慮到這一點。

is 5:1, which means there's a

是5:1，這意味著有一個

fivefold weight allowance of the material property which it can support.

它所能支持的材料屬性的五倍重量允許。

- But the most surprising thing of all about this roof

- 但這個屋頂最令人驚訝的是

is not how they fixed the acoustics,

這不是他們修復聲學的方法。

it's not this terrifying technicians' trampoline,

它不是這個可怕的技術人員的蹦床。

it's just out there,

它就在那裡。

and the best way to see that is from the outside.

而看到這一點的最好方法是從外面看。

I'm going to need a hand, I just-

我需要一個幫手，我只是...

- Feel free.

- 請隨意。

[Tom gasping]

[湯姆喘息]

- The roof was constructed in full in Manchester

- 屋頂全部是在曼徹斯特建造的

and then it was dismantled

然後它被拆除了

and reassembled in London through internal scaffold shoring

並在倫敦通過內部腳手架的支撐重新組裝起來

from the inside of the hall.

從大廳的內部。

Every beam and element of the wrought iron trusses

鍛鐵桁架的每根梁和元素

was then winched up to the top of the roof

然後被絞到了屋頂的頂部

and then assembled in situ.

然後在原地組裝。

The shoring was then removed once the roof

一旦屋頂被拆除，支撐架就會被拆除。

had been completed in full

已全部完成

and dropped by about 5/16ths of an inch

並下降了約5/16分之1英寸

or about 8mm, which would've been a heart stopping moment

或大約8毫米，這將是一個令人震驚的時刻

I think for all those involved.

我認為對所有參與的人來說。

- All of which leads to the most starting thing for me,

- 所有這些都導致了我最開始的事情。

the reason I made this video, this roof,

我做這個視頻的原因，這個屋頂。

this iron and glass dome with all that equipment hanging from it,

這個鐵和玻璃的穹頂上掛著所有的設備。

it's not actually connected to the rest of the building.

它實際上與建築物的其他部分沒有聯繫。

It's touching, sure, it's resting just here,

這很感人，當然，它只是在這裡休息。

you can see where the two structures meet,

你可以看到這兩個結構的結合處。

but there's no cement, no bolts, no attachments at all.

但沒有水泥，沒有螺栓，沒有任何附件。

This dome is just so incredibly heavy

這個穹頂實在是太重了，令人難以置信

that it's not going to move, and it hasn't for 150 years.

它不會移動，而且150年來都沒有移動過。

600 tons of iron and glass, and a load of Victorian engineering.

600噸的鐵和玻璃，以及大量的維多利亞時代的工程。

It doesn't need anything more

它不需要更多的東西

because anything powerful enough to shift this

因為任何足夠強大的東西都可以改變這個

wouldn't be stopped by a couple of bolts.

不會被幾個螺栓所阻止。

The roof of the Royal Albert Hall isn't actually attached.

皇家阿爾伯特音樂廳的屋頂實際上並不相連。