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  • Hi I'm John Green. Welcome to my salon. This is Mental Floss on YouTube and IT IS OUR BIRTHDAY!

    嗨,我是John Green。歡迎來到我的交誼廳。這是YouTube上的Mental Floss, 而今天是我們的生日!

  • Happy Birthday us!

    祝我們生日快樂!

  • We even got you a cake! Actually, we got ourselves a cake. Hold on, I'm gonna make a wish.

    我甚至準備了蛋糕呢!其實,這是給我們自己的。等等,我要許個願。

  • I can't tell you what I wished for, but I can say that I sure hope Beyonce is a guest

    我不能跟你們說我許了什麼願,但是我可以透漏,我真的希望碧昂絲

  • host of Mental Floss next year.

    明年可以當Mental Floss的主持嘉賓

  • So the Mental Floss List Show is officially one year old. Today, I'm going to talk about

    好的,Mental Floss正是滿一周年。今天我要告訴大家

  • some ways that people celebrate birthdays around the world in different cultures and

    全世界不同文化和信仰的人如何慶生

  • different religions. Plus, I'm going to demonstrate some of these so that we can properly celebrate

    而且,我還要展示一下某些儀式,這樣我們才能隆重地慶祝

  • our birthday!

    我們的生日

  • And for those of you who've been complaining that we've been a little bit USA-centric lately,

    那些近期抱怨我們有點大美國主義的觀眾們

  • we're gonna get very worldwide today!

    我們今天會非常的全球化!

  • Let's start with the actual origins of birthdays themselves. They may have started with the

    我們先從慶生的起源開始。這可能源自於

  • ancient Egyptians, like the Bible notes a Pharaoh's birthday, although it's possible

    古埃及,例如聖經註記了某位法老的生日,雖然這也可能

  • that could mean the date of the Pharaoh's death, like the day that he became a god.

    是這位法老的忌日,也就是他成為天神的那一天

  • The ancient Romans definitely celebrated birthdays, though, and were probably the first people

    古羅馬人肯定慶祝自己的生日,也很可能是第一群

  • to celebrate their family and friends birthdays, not just those of rulers and gods.

    慶祝他們親友,而不是統治者或是神祇的生日

  • In Denmark, a Danish flag placed outside the home means that it's somebody's birthday.

    在丹麥,如果有一面丹麥國旗掛在屋子上,就意味著這家有人生日

  • If it's a child's birthday, the presents are usually placed on or around the child's bed

    如果是小孩子出生,禮物通常會擺在小孩的床上或邊上

  • so they can wake up surrounded by presents. That's nice! Sometimes a "cake man" or "cake

    這樣他們就會在禮物簇擁中醒來。真是不錯!有時候他們會放"蛋糕先生"或是"蛋糕小姐"

  • lady" is served, depending on whether the party is for a boy or a girl. The head of

    要看這是為男孩或女孩辦的派對。這個蛋糕人的頭

  • the cake person is usually chopped off first, which I will now demonstrate. This was a camel

    通常是最先被扳斷的,現在讓我展示一下。這是一隻駱駝

  • - And now it is a decapitated camel.

    現在,變成斷頭的駱駝

  • At birthday parties for children in Australia and New Zealand, you might find Fairy Bread,

    在澳洲和紐西蘭,為孩子舉辦的派對上,你會看到Fairy Bread精靈麵包

  • which is white bread, butter, and sprinkles. By the way, the round and colorful sprinkles

    這是一種白麵包,上面有奶油和糖球。順道一提,這些圓圓多彩的糖球

  • are called "hundreds-and-thousands" there.

    在這裡稱為"hundreds and thousands"千彩糖

  • I'm now going to make some Fairy Bread because it is basically the perfect food so far as

    現在我要來做精靈麵包,因為基本上在我看來,它是種很好的食物

  • I can tell. What I'm not an expert in? Butter spreading. All right, then you just. What

    有什麼我做不好的呢?抹奶油。好的,現在你只要

  • do you do, you just kinda - WOAH! Can you fold it up into, like, a Fairy Bread sandwich?

    只要做什麼,只要- 哇!有辦法把它摺起來,像這樣,一個精靈麵包三明治?

  • Is that frowned upon, Australians? I don't know, I'm gonna try it. Good!

    我看到的是皺眉的表情嗎?澳洲人?不管啦,我要試吃一下。讚!

  • At a Brazilian birthday party, people might pull the earlobes of the guest of honor. You

    在巴西的生日派對上,大家會拉榮譽嘉賓的耳垂

  • can also probably expect to see Brigaderio there, which are a kind of chocolate truffle.

    你可能會看到Brigaderio,就是一種巧克力太妃糖

  • Ear-pulling is also a thing in Hungary where there's in fact a rhyming song that accompanies

    拉耳朵也是匈牙利的習俗,他們還有一首搭配的童謠呢

  • it! The translation is, "God bless you, live so long your ears reach your ankles."

    翻譯過來大概是"上帝保佑你,長命百歲就像你的耳垂拉到腳踝一樣長"

  • Earlobe pulling is kind of similar to what other cultures refer to as "the bumps." The

    拉耳垂就像在我們文化中的"the bumps"

  • bumps are especially common in the UK and Ireland where the birthday boy or girl is

    the bumps的習俗尤其在英國和愛爾蘭特別普遍,壽星會被

  • lifted up and bumped on the ground once per each year they have been alive. The U.S. and

    抬起來,過幾歲生日就會被蹬到地上幾下。美國

  • Canada also have a similar tradition, but with punches instead of bumps because we're

    和加拿大也有類似的傳統,但是是用"揍"的而不是"蹬"的,因為

  • much more violent.

    我們暴力多了

  • Another violent-sounding tradition in the U.S. are "smash cakes." These are small individual

    另外一個聽起來很暴力的美國習俗是"smash cakes" 這是一個個為寶寶

  • cakes given to babies to do what they do best: make a mess of their food. I'm not going to

    準備的小蛋糕,好讓他們做他們最拿手的事:把他們的食物弄得一團亂。我不再多做解釋

  • explain this one because you're on the Internet, so I assume that you've already seen how adorable

    這點,因為你們都有網路,我想你們已經看過

  • it is to watch babies destroy stuff, instead, I'm gonna demonstrate.

    許多寶寶破壞東西的影片,我要直接展示

  • So I am a father, I've seen children do this a lot. Basically you just go in and you just..

    因為我是個父親,我常看到小孩這麼做。基本上,你就是這樣然後

  • Then you go... That's basically it.

    這樣...大概就是這個概念

  • In additions to punches, Canadians have been known to spread butter on the nose of the

    除了拳頭以外,加拿大人也以把奶油抹在壽星鼻子上聞名

  • birthday person. Mark, I know that you're Canadian, but please don't make me do this

    Mark,我知道你是加拿大人,但是請不要叫我做這件事情

  • one because I just finished cleaning myself up after the smash cake. Similarly, it's considered

    因為我才剛剛把自己清乾淨。同樣的,

  • good luck in Nepal to put colored rice yogurt on your forehead for birthdays.

    在尼泊爾,生日時,將上色的米優格塗在前額頭上被視為好運

  • Mexicans have a special birthday song, \'93Las Mananitas (aka "The Little Mornings") which

    墨西哥人有首特別的生日快樂歌Las Mananitas(又稱小小的清晨)

  • is usually sung at a party before the group eats cake. And of course, pinatas are a common

    通常會在吃蛋糕前唱。當然皮娜塔(一種紙糊的容器,其內裝滿玩具與糖果)

  • way to celebrate a birthday in Mexico. Although we usually think of them as Mexican, pinatas

    在墨西哥是種常見的慶生方式。雖然我們通常認為皮娜塔來自墨西哥

  • actually originated in China and were used to celebrate New Years. It was Europeans who

    它其實來自於中國,而且是用來慶祝新年。是歐洲人

  • eventually brought them over to Mexico.

    把它帶到墨西哥的

  • In Ghana, a traditional birthday dish is oto - mashed yams with eggs and onions. In China,

    在迦納,傳統的生日餐是--番薯泥加上蛋和洋蔥。在中國

  • Yi mein is commonly eaten on birthdays. In English, those are

    意麵是生日常吃的食物。用英文來說,就是

  • Longevity noodles" or long life noodles." Also, be sure to avoid

    長生麵或長壽麵。另外,在中國千萬要避免

  • giving a watch or a clock as a gift in China. Those are considered bad luck.

    送手錶或是時鐘當禮物。這些都被視為厄運

  • Celebrating individual birthdays is rare in Vietnam. Instead, all birthdays are celebrated

    在越南,慶祝個人的生日是很稀有的,所有人的生日

  • on the Vietnamese holiday of Tet, which is a New Years celebration. Children do receive

    都在越南節日Tet慶祝,就是新年慶典。但是,小孩

  • gifts though! Their elders give them red envelopes with money inside. Korea operates somewhat

    會拿到禮物就是了!長輩會發紅包和壓歲錢給他們。韓國的模式

  • similarly - first birthdays are celebrated, but subsequent birthdays are all celebrated

    有些類似--第一個生日會慶祝,但是接下來的生日

  • on the New Year.

    都在新年慶祝

  • Wishing someone "happy birthday" before their actual birthday is considered bad luck in

    在德國,一般認為,在某人生日前祝他們"生日快樂"會帶來厄運

  • Germany. On someone's 16th birthday in Germany, they may have flour thrown on their head,

    德國人的16歲生日時,可能會有麵粉撒在他們頭上

  • which may sound rough, but in Jamaica, throwing flour on the head is an every birthday tradition,

    聽起來很糟,但是在牙買加,灑麵粉在頭上是每次生日都要做的

  • not just a one time thing. I'm not going to throw flour on anyone's head here, but I will

    不只有在某次才這樣。我不會在任何人頭上撒麵粉,但是

  • demonstrate with a doll.

    我會用玩偶來示範

  • Happy Birthday, Yoda. What are you, like, a thousand now?

    生日快樂,尤達大師。你幾歲了,大概一千歲?

  • Anyway, back to Germany...On 18th birthdays, the flour is replaced with eggs. And if a

    反正,回到德國...在18歲生日時,麵粉會換成雞蛋。如果

  • man reaches his 25th birthday before he marries, his friends will hang a "sockencranz," or

    有人在結婚前過25歲生日,他的朋友會把"sockencranz"

  • sock wreath, outside of his house. The "old socks" are a symbol of his old age.

    也就是襪子花圈,掛在屋外。這些"舊襪子"象徵他的年紀

  • On that note, some cultures have different traditions for when people turn a certain

    在這方面,某些文化中,達到某些年紀時會有不同的傳統

  • age. Like, you probably already know that girls who practice Judaism have bat mitzvah

    例如,你大概已經知道,猶太女孩會執行bat mitzvah(成年禮)

  • when they turn 12 and boys have a bar mitzvah when they turn 13. Those ceremonies represent

    在12歲的時候,男孩則是在13歲會有bar mitzvah。這些儀式象徵

  • a move into adulthood.

    進入成年

  • Let's finish up with some more age-specific traditions.

    我們用一些特定年紀的傳統作結吧

  • I'm sure you've also heard of a Quinceanera...especially if you were spending all of your free time

    我想你大概已經聽過Quinceanera 成年禮...尤其是如果你常常在閒暇的時候

  • watching "My Super Sweet 16" in 2005. I'm not pointing any fingers, Meredith.

    看2005版的"My Super Sweet 16" Meredith,我沒有在指你喔

  • In South Africa, when a person turns 21, their parents present them with a key that symbolizes

    在南非,一個人21歲的時候,他的父母會把一把鑰匙交給他,象徵

  • responsibility and the future.

    責任和未來

  • In Holland, they celebrate "crown years," which are the ages 5, 10, 15, 20, and 21.

    在荷蘭,他們慶祝"crown years"也就是5, 10, 15, 20和21歲

  • On those birthdays, you get bigger presents.

    這些生日時,會得到較大的禮物

  • The 1st, 5th, 10th, and 15th birthdays are the most important in Nigeria. Up to 100 people

    一歲、五歲、十歲、十五歲的生日在奈及利亞是最重要的。超過100多人

  • might show up to those celebrations, which usually involve a feast.

    會出現在這些生日的慶祝會上,通常會有餐宴

  • For boys who practice Orthodox Judaism and Hasidic Judaism, the third birthday is important

    對那些信奉正統派猶太教或哈西德猶太教的男孩而言,三歲生日很重要

  • because it's the day they receive their first haircut. In fact, that tradition has now spread

    這是他們畢生第一次剪頭髮的時間。事實上,這個傳統已經傳至

  • in Israel and doesn't always apply only to religious people.

    以色列,而且不局限於信奉宗教的人

  • Similarly, people from the Indian island of Minicoy shave their newborn baby's head after

    同樣的,米尼科伊島上的人,在新生兒二十天大的時候

  • twenty days. Then, the hair is weighed. Whatever the weight is will be given to charity in

    會幫他們剃頭。然後他們會秤這些頭髮的重量。頭髮有多重,就會將多重的金子、銀子

  • silver or gold. That's not a birthday thing, really, we just thought it was cool.

    給慈善機構。這不算生日傳統,我們只是覺得這很酷

  • And now I return to my salon to tell you that the Chinese also a special first birthday

    現在我又回到我的交誼廳告訴你們,中國人的第一個生日也有個特別

  • tradition. The baby is placed in front of a bunch of objects, like books, flowers, stationary,

    傳統。寶寶會被放在一堆物品前,像是書、花、文具

  • coins, and toys. Parents believe that the items the baby reaches for are indications

    錢幣和玩具。父母相信,寶寶拿到的東西象徵

  • of future interests. So like if a coin is chosen, it's considered good luck and a sign

    他之後的興趣。所以,如果選到錢幣,就是好運和

  • that the baby in question will one day be rich. We're going to try this out actually

    這個寶寶有天會很富有的象徵。現在,我們要試試看

  • with our office dog, Alex. All right now, let's see what will you choose. Umm.. It turns out Alex is beyond material possession. She chooses life

    用我辦公室的狗,Alex. 好了,讓我們瞧瞧你會選什麼? 恩,結果顯示Alex 不受物質綑綁。她選擇了生活

  • Thanks for watching Mental Floss on YouTube which is made with the help of all of these

    感謝您收看YouTube上的Mental Floss,由一群非常好的人一起

  • nice people. Each week we endeavor to answer one of your mind-blowing questions. This week's

    幫忙製作。每個禮拜我們竭盡所能地想為您回答你超炫的問題

  • question comes from TheNightTroll13, who asks, "Why do we call a sixtieth of a minute a second?"

    這是來自於TheNightTroll13的問題"為什麼我們稱六十分之一分鐘為一秒"

  • Well, NightTroll13, this comes from a Latin word, "secunda," which meant "second diminished

    這個嘛,NightTroll13,這來自於拉丁文"secunda"意思是"第二個切割

  • part" because the hour is divided twice by sixty - the first division of it is minutes,

    部分"因為一小時被6切割了兩次--第一次切成分鐘

  • the second division gives us seconds.

    第二次切成秒鐘

  • If you have a mind-blowing question you'd like answered, please leave it below in and

    如果你有很酷的問題急需解答,請在下面留言

  • we'll endeavor to answer as many as we can. Thanks for watching and as we say in my hometown,

    我們會盡可能地回答。感謝您的收看,正如我們常說的

  • don't forget to be awesome.

    別忘了要一直保持酷炫

  • That's a pretty strong pinata!

    這個皮娜塔還真強韌

  • Aaaahhh! Finally!

    啊哈!終於喔!

Hi I'm John Green. Welcome to my salon. This is Mental Floss on YouTube and IT IS OUR BIRTHDAY!

嗨,我是John Green。歡迎來到我的交誼廳。這是YouTube上的Mental Floss, 而今天是我們的生日!

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