I would like people to be a little bit amazed to figure out how they work to solve the problem of how it works.

我希望人們能有點驚訝，弄清楚他們是如何工作的，以解決它的工作問題。

My name is David Roy.

我的名字是大衛-羅伊。

I'm a kinetic sculptor.

我是一個動感雕塑家。

I've been doing it for in excess of 40 years.

我已經做了超過40年了。

Roy's kinetic sculptures are mesmerizing feat of artistry and engineering.

羅伊的動感雕塑是藝術和工程方面令人著迷的壯舉。

A single wind can provide hours of entertainment.

一場風可以提供數小時的娛樂。

Some of them create tension, but some of them are just something you can sit like you would watch a fire and just get lost in the flames and he's made a lot of them over the years.

其中一些創造了緊張氣氛，但其中一些只是你可以像看火一樣坐著，只是迷失在火焰中，多年來他做了很多這樣的事情。

The different designs is over 300 in the number of pieces because they make additions is 7000, something like that.

不同的設計在數量上超過300件，因為他們做的補充是7000件，類似這樣的東西。

Each one of Roy's pieces is entirely mechanically driven, no motors, no electronics.

羅伊的每一件作品都是完全由機械驅動的，沒有馬達，沒有電子。

And his degree in physics comes in handy when explaining how they work.

而他的物理學學位在解釋它們的工作原理時也很方便。

You start with an energy source.

你從一個能量源開始。

I use a constant force spring.

我使用一個恆力彈簧。

Now, I initially started with a weight drive.

現在，我最初是以重量驅動開始的。

Each is controlled by what's called an escape mechanism.

每個人都被所謂的逃學生機制所控制。

A device that releases energy incrementally.

一種逐步釋放能量的裝置。

It's similar to what you might find inside a clock.

它類似於你可能在時鐘內發現的東西。

So the mechanism initially is locked so that the weight can't fall.

是以，該機制最初是被鎖定的，這樣重量就不能下降。

Spring can't unwind.

春天不能鬆懈。

When that mechanism is unlocked, it releases a bit of energy, which in turn moves a second device, often a rotating wheel.

當該機制被解鎖時，它釋放出一點能量，這反過來又會移動第二個裝置，通常是一個旋轉的輪子。

That device creates motion but it also re triggers the escape Mint releasing a bit more energy and restarting the cycle and that's the essence of an escape, Mint controlled release of energy that's self sustaining until it runs out of energy and you have to wind it up and nothing is perpetual.

該裝置創造了運動，但它也重新觸發了逃逸薄荷，釋放出更多的能量並重新開始循環，這就是逃逸的本質，薄荷控制的能量釋放是自我維持的，直到它耗盡能量，你必須給它上發條，沒有什麼是永恆的。

There is a large group of people who say is a perpetual motion and of course I was schooled in physics and I know that that isn't possible.

有一大群人說是永動機，當然我在物理學上受過教育，我知道那是不可能的。

So they're not one of the key laws of physics is the conservation of energy, which basically says the amount of energy you put into a system is exactly the amount you get out one way or another, the user puts energy in by winding them up and then the energy comes out in the motion, which is the part I want.

所以他們不是物理學的關鍵定律之一是能量守恆，這基本上是說你投入一個系統的能量恰好是你以一種方式或另一種方式得到的能量，用戶通過給他們上發條把能量放進去，然後能量以運動的方式出來，這是我想要的部分。

But another way is in the sounds that takes energy to create the sounds.

但另一種方式是在聲音中，需要能量來創造聲音。

But most of it, a lot of it gets lost in heat due to friction where the things are rotating and rubbing.

但其中大部分，很多都會因摩擦而失去熱量，因為這些東西在旋轉和摩擦。

Roy is tinkered with different mechanisms and materials to try to curtail some of the energy loss.

羅伊對不同的機制和材料進行了修補，試圖減少一些能量損失。

So that's where it appears perpetual only because I worked really hard to reduce friction and sound.

是以，這就是它看起來是永久的地方，只是因為我非常努力地減少摩擦和聲音。

Roy has always had a strong grasp of the science and the mechanics behind his work, but he needed a little help with the artistry.

羅伊一直對他工作背後的科學和機械有很強的把握，但他在藝術上需要一點幫助。

I mean, you can make a neat thing, but you have to make it work visually and that was probably the hardest for me to learn over the years.

我的意思是，你可以做一個整潔的東西，但你必須讓它在視覺上發揮作用，這可能是我多年來最難學會的。

And that was my, my mentor and tutor of my wife.

而那是我的，我的導師和我妻子的導師。

In fact, it was David's wife, Margie who sparked his initial interest in kinetic sculpture.

事實上，正是大衛的妻子瑪吉激發了他對動態雕塑的最初興趣。

Margie was a sculpture major at Rhode Island School of Design and she made a project that is two cogs and wooden chain and she put it on the wall and she said this is my sculpture.

瑪吉是羅德島設計學院的雕塑專業學生，她做了一個項目，是兩個齒輪和木鏈，她把它放在牆上，她說這是我的雕塑。

And I said you can make a machine and call it a sculpture.

我說你可以做一臺機器，並稱它為雕塑。

And she looked at me and she said of course and I said okay, so it was that the idea that you could make wooden machines and call them sculpture that totally re channeled my creative ideas from the science world, the engineering world to the art world.

她看著我，她說當然，我說好吧，所以正是這個你可以製造木製機器並稱之為雕塑的想法，完全將我的創造性想法從科學世界、工程世界重新引導到藝術世界。

And it was all brand new and very exciting and what started as a hobby quickly became a full fledged business.

而且這一切都是全新的，非常令人興奮，開始時的愛好很快就變成了一個成熟的業務。

Most people and I have to admit I didn't think it was a long term thing, it was something we were doing because we could, we had no obligations and I was playing, I was having a great time decades later Roy is still making and selling kinetic sculptures and his continued passion is due to one thing I like to solve problems that I dream up.

大多數人和我必須承認，我不認為這是一個長期的事情，這是我們正在做的事情，因為我們可以，我們沒有義務，我正在玩，我有一個偉大的時間，幾十年後，羅伊仍然在製作和銷售動感雕塑，他持續的熱情是由於一件事，我喜歡解決我夢想的問題。

I created the first sculptures and then they were noisy and annoying and I wanted to make him quiet.

我創作了第一批雕塑，然後他們很吵，很煩人，我想讓他安靜。

So then I had to develop a mechanism that was quiet and he did in a piece called anticipation.

所以後來我不得不開發一個安靜的機制，他在一篇名為《預期》的作品中做到了。

But the problem solving didn't stop there getting longer run times has been one of the challenges that I enjoy the first pieces they ran for 20 minutes, 25 minutes.

但問題的解決並沒有停止，獲得更長的運行時間一直是我喜歡的挑戰之一，他們的第一個作品運行了20分鐘，25分鐘。

When I got that up to an hour, I thought I was in Nirvana and then it got 23 hours.

當我把它弄到一個小時時，我以為我在涅槃，然後它就變成了23小時。

This is over years.

這是多年來的事情。

This didn't happen quickly.

這並不是迅速發生的。

The current peace.

目前的和平。

The longest one I've run is probably runs for 48 hours, 50 hours.

我運行的最長的一次可能是運行48小時，50小時。

But there's a cost to these long run times.

但這些長的運行時間是有代價的。

What gets you?

是什麼讓你心動？

The really long run times is really slow motion, which you know, it can be nice, but it just isn't as entertaining.

真正長的運行時間是真正的慢動作，你知道，它可以是很好的，但它只是不那麼有娛樂性。

In fact, that's another challenge Roy has set for himself over the years to get his sculptures to produce all kinds of different motion.

事實上，這是羅伊多年來為自己設定的另一個挑戰，讓他的雕塑產生各種不同的運動。

The initial ones were simple motion.

最初的是簡單的運動。

Just creating the motion as I gained control.

在我獲得控制權的同時，只是創造了這個動作。

I developed ones that create patterns and optical patterns and there's basically two circular wheels going in opposite directions or the same direction, depending on the pattern.

我開發了那些創造圖案和光學圖案的，基本上有兩個圓形輪子向相反的方向或相同的方向前進，這取決於圖案。

The next category that came were more the floating motion.

接下來的一類，更多的是浮動的運動。

I call that the bird motion.

我把這稱為鳥的運動。

And that's where um you'll get a motion up and down, back and forth.

這就是嗯，你會得到一個向上和向下，來回的運動。

But straight line motion or spiral motion mixed amongst those.

但直線運動或螺旋運動混在其中。

I've tried to do other ones that create randomness so that your optical pattern doesn't stay the same.

我試著做其他創造隨機性的，這樣你的光學模式就不會保持不變了。

It changes these days.

這些天來，它發生了變化。

Roy is focused on creating chaotic motion in his pieces, chaotic motion is motion that changes at unpredictable intervals so it can go fast.

羅伊專注於在他的作品中創造混亂的運動，混亂的運動是以不可預測的間隔變化的運動，所以它可以快速發展。

It can go slow, but you can't tell when that's gonna happen.

它可以走得很慢，但你無法判斷何時會發生。

And so chaotic motion.

就這樣混亂的運動。

That's a term, it's well defined.

這是一個術語，它的定義很明確。

It's used in physics.

它被用於物理學中。

It's used in engineering.

它被用於工程。

But to try to use it in art and to create a chaotic motion is extremely challenging.

但要嘗試在藝術中使用它，並創造一個混亂的運動，是極具挑戰性的。

Roy was able to deliberately create chaotic motion for the first time a few years ago in a piece aptly named chaos.

幾年前，羅伊能夠在一個被恰當地命名為 "混亂 "的作品中首次有意地創造出混亂的運動。

And I'm working in other ones now, trying to to use what I learned from that and to push the envelope.

我現在在其他地方工作，試圖利用我從那裡學到的東西，並推陳出新。

Well, what can I do next?

那麼，我接下來能做什麼呢？

Building one of these sculptures can be a slow and complicated process.

建造這些雕塑之一可能是一個緩慢而複雜的過程。

The initial designs float around in my head.

最初的設計在我腦中浮現。

So there's a lot of daydreaming a lot of thinking.

所以有很多白日夢，很多思考。

Next Roy sketches out his designs on the computer.

接下來，羅伊在電腦上畫出了他的設計草圖。

I draw an illustrator and I animate usually in adobe after effects, animating the piece before building.

我畫一個插圖，我通常在adobe after effects中製作動畫，在建造之前將作品做成動畫。

It helps Roy understand what the sculptures patterns will look like.

這有助於羅伊瞭解雕塑的圖案會是什麼樣子。

There's also another program, it's called Working Model.

還有一個項目，它叫工作模式。

I use it to calculate the center of mass of complicated arrangements of parts.

我用它來計算複雜零件排列的品質中心。

That calculation is critical to getting the balance right so that the sculpture moves in the intended way.

這種計算對於獲得正確的平衡是至關重要的，這樣才能使雕塑以預期的方式移動。

The trouble with the program is it doesn't exist anymore, at least, it doesn't for Mac, there hasn't been a current version for years, but Roy has a workaround.

這個程序的麻煩在於它已經不存在了，至少，在Mac上不存在了，多年來一直沒有最新的版本，但羅伊有一個解決方法。

I buy really old Ibooks, which are the last computers that would run it.

我買了非常舊的Ibook，這是最後一臺可以運行它的電腦。

So that is actually a key program, but it's what I live in fear that all my old computers are going to die one day and it won't work anymore and I'm probably retired at that point.

是以，這實際上是一個關鍵的程序，但它是我生活在恐懼中的，我所有的舊電腦有一天會死掉，它不會再工作，而我可能在那個時候已經退休了。

Roy tinker's in these computer programs until he's satisfied with the overall design.

羅伊在這些計算機程序中進行修補，直到他對整體設計感到滿意。

Then he sends the file over to a local woodworker who cuts out some of the individual parts on a CNC machine.

然後他把文件發給當地的一個木工，由他在數控機床上切割出一些單獨的零件。

The rest of it all has to be done by hand.

其餘的都要靠手工完成。

The basic tools are drill press Sanders and band saw and then there's a lot of kind of hand tools, hammers and hand drills and all of that.

基本的工具是鑽床桑德斯和帶鋸，然後還有很多種類的手工工具，錘子和手鑽等等。

Roy uses these tools to build small parts like police and lovers as well as to smooth out and finish off the larger machine cut pieces once all the pieces are finished and stained.

羅伊用這些工具來建造像警察和戀人這樣的小零件，以及在所有零件完成並上色後，對較大的機切件進行平整和修整。

Roy then assembles and tests the sculptures.

然後，羅伊組裝並測試了這些雕塑。

All of the large wooden parts have to be balanced because wood is not uniform.

所有的大型木製部件都必須保持平衡，因為木材是不均勻的。

I have developed techniques that I use tiny little brass weights that are embedded in the back to get things to balance the assembly probably is where I spend most time.

我已經開發了一些技術，我使用嵌在後面的微小的黃銅砝碼來使東西達到平衡，裝配可能是我花最多時間的地方。

And then also very important is testing.

然後，同樣非常重要的是測試。

So I have large walls, I put up the sculptures and I leave them running for days.

所以我有大牆，我把雕塑掛起來，讓它們運行好幾天。

Um and I want to get all the bugs out before a customer gets it.

嗯，我想在客戶得到它之前把所有的錯誤都解決掉。

So testing is also a big part of the assembly and making process.

是以，測試也是組裝和製作過程中的一個重要部分。

One of Roy's new sculptures is in this phase production.

羅伊的一個新雕塑在這個階段生產。

He's been using tape and small breast weights to tinker with the balance.

他一直在用膠帶和小的乳房重量來修補平衡。

Eventually I get an intuitive feel but the only way to get that is by spending hours adding weight then standing and staring at it.

最終，我得到了一種直觀的感覺，但唯一的辦法是花幾個小時增加重量，然後站著盯著它。

My wife laughs.

我的妻子笑了。

I just stand around and stare at sculptures all day.

我只是站在那裡，整天盯著雕塑。

But that's how I learn and get a feel for what they need after a sculpture is assembled perfectly balanced and quality controlled.

但這就是我學習的方式，在雕塑被完美地平衡和品質控制後，我可以感受到他們需要什麼。

There's still one final step.

還有最後一個步驟。

So a big part of the design and the work Is naming and we have a list that we have kept of all different names that we thought of over the years must have two or 300 names.

是以，設計和工作的很大一部分是命名，我們有一個清單，我們保留了多年來想到的所有不同的名字，必須有兩到三百個名字。

Now we've used Two or 300 names already when a new son in law joined the family.

現在，當一個新的兒子媳婦加入家庭時，我們已經用了兩三百個名字了。

He was fresh to the game and he was good.

他對比賽很新鮮，而且表現不錯。

He got several right off the bat but its naming is difficult from designing to tinkering to naming the entire process can take a while.

他一開始就得到了幾個，但它的命名很困難，從設計到修補再到命名，整個過程可能需要一段時間。

I have had pieces that started and took over a year more some I put aside because they couldn't get what I liked and then went back to them after a while and then some, I have an idea and it comes out and it comes out right and those are kind of boring because they just worked and while it's frustrating when things don't work.

我有一些作品，開始的時候花了一年多的時間，還有一些我放在一邊，因為他們不能得到我喜歡的東西，然後過了一段時間再去找他們，還有一些，我有一個想法，它出來了，它出來了，那些是有點無聊的，因為他們只是工作，雖然當事情不成功的時候是令人沮喪的。

Roy recognizes that it's all part of the process.

羅伊認識到，這都是過程的一部分。

The frustration, it's kind of nice to have because it makes the joy after better.

挫折感，它是一種很好的東西，因為它使之後的快樂更好。

But one follows the other that I don't think I've ever done a piece.

但一個跟著一個，我想我沒有做過的作品。

So I haven't been disappointed in it initially and then had to work through that and try to figure it out.

是以，我最初並沒有對它感到失望，然後不得不通過這種方式工作，並試圖弄清楚它。

And Roy's passion for finding creative solutions isn't slowing down anytime soon.

而羅伊對尋找創造性解決方案的熱情也不會很快放緩。

I had a brother in law who when we started this, he said, this is great, but you're gonna run out of ideas and then what are you gonna do?

我有一個兄弟，當我們開始做這個的時候，他說，這很好，但是你會沒有想法的，然後你要做什麼呢？

And that was 40 years ago.

而那是40年前的事了。

It has just been one thing after another.

這只是一件又一件的事情。

I thought I would run out, but I'm, you know, pushing 70 years old and there's still lots of that I want to do.

我以為我會用完，但我，你知道，已經快70歲了，還有很多我想做的事情。

So it's because of the problems I like to solve the problems.

是以，正是因為有了這些問題，我才喜歡去解決這些問題。