Name: 辦公室是如何改變的？(How are offices changing? | The Economist）
Uploaded: 2022-08-15T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min 2 s

... where showing your face every day used to be the name of the game.

……每天在那露臉曾是辦公室的遊戲規則。

To think about the office as purely a container for your people and your equipment is very outdated.

認為辦公室只是區區用來容納員工和放置設備的想法已經非常落伍了。

For large multinational firms, the pandemic and hybrid working have changed the very idea and purpose of the office.

對於大型跨國企業而言，新冠疫情和混合辦公模式已經改變了辦公室的理念和用途。

The office of today in a post-pandemic world is a social destination.

後疫情時代的辦公室是一個社交地。

This is where we build the offices of the future.

這裡是我們未來建立辦公室的地方。

The changing office is changing the way bosses manage employees.

正在變化著的辦公室改變著雇主管理員工的方式。

A hybrid model requires a very high degree of trust.

混合辦公模式需要相當高的信任。

And this new world of hybrid working could shape what cities look like.

這樣混合工作的新世界可能會塑造城市的新面貌。

Remote working will affect the way we plan our cities.

遠端工作將影響我們對於城市的規劃。

Here in the bustling capital of India, this design consultancy is mapping out the offices of the future.

位於繁忙的印度首都，這家室內設計公司正在繪製未來辦公室的藍圖。

What we do here is not only test products, but we also test design.

我們所做的不僅對產品進行測試，也對設計進行測試。

We test human behavior; we test wellness.

我們測試人類行為；測試健康狀況。

How all of these come together to make good design.

看看如何把這些結合成好設計。

In the past, office design was functional at best.

在過去，辦公室設計充其量是功能性的。

It was simply the place where employees went because they had to.

它僅僅只是員工們去的地方，因為他們必須要去。

But, in management speak, there’s been a paradigm shift.

但是，用管理學的術語來說，已經出現了模式轉變。

Since the pandemic, the offices of multinational companies have had dramatic facelifts.

自疫情爆發以來，跨國公司的辦公室已經改頭換面。

So, our office in Delhi is a prime example of what kind of office designs organizations are looking for in the post-pandemic world.

我們在德里的辦公室是一個典型的例子，說明企業在後疫情時代正在尋找什麼樣的設計。

Out have gone rows of desks and cubicles.

一排排的辦公桌和隔間已經消失了。

In have come collaboration spaces and relaxation zones, and even restaurants and bars.

協作空間和放鬆區域也隨之而來，甚至還有餐廳和酒吧 。

From Ericsson and Standard Chartered to Boston Consulting Group and Beam Suntory, some of the world’s biggest companies have redesigned their offices.

愛立信和渣打銀行，到波士頓諮詢公司和三得利，這些世界上的幾大公司已經重新設計了他們的辦公室。

The main driver of this redesign boom is hybrid working.

混合辦公模式驅動重新設計的熱潮。

In the post-pandemic world, working partly at home and partly in the office is now seen as the new normal by many employees of multinational firms.

在後疫情時代，部分在家裡工作，部分在辦公室工作是許多跨國公司的員工的新常態。

This has redefined the purpose of company offices and the reasons why employees go there.

這重新定義了公司辦公室的目的以及員工去那裡的原因 。

The office of today in a post-pandemic world is about a social destination.

在疫情後的世界裡，辦公室是一個社交地。

It is a place where employees come in to have informal learning and build their social capital in the organization.

它是一個員工進行非正式學習的地方，並在公司組織中建立他們的社會資本。

In Singapore, Fae Wong is a senior manager for a multinational firm.

Fae Wong是一家在新加坡的跨國企業的高級經理。

For her, home is now where she does her day-to-day desk work, and the office is where she goes for actual face-time.

對她來說，家裡現在是她做日常工作的地方，而辦公室是她和同事真正面對面的地方。

I see the office as a base for me to go back to so that I can meet my colleagues, have lunch with them.

我把辦公室看作一個基地，我可以回去那裡和同事見面跟吃午餐。

So it’s really a place where I reconnect, where I socialize with people rather than get work done.

所以它是一個讓我和同事連結互動的地方，而不是把工作完成的地方。

Demand for flexible working has risen for employees of multinationals across the world.

世界各地的跨國企業對靈活工作的需求已經上升。

A study found that at least some remote working is wanted by 76% of workers in Europe, 86% in America, and 78% in Asia.

一項研究發現，歐洲有76%的員工、美國86％、亞洲78％，希望能有一些工作是能遠端進行的。

Ben Hamley is the lead on the future of work in the Asia-Pacific Region for real-estate company JLL.

Ben Hamley是房地產公司仲量聯行在亞太地區規劃未來工作的領導者。

The office is certainly still the center of the work ecosystem for most of the world’s most progressive companies today.

對於當今世界上那些最最先進的公司來說，辦公室無疑還是工作生態系統的中心。

It includes much more flexible use of space and time to be able to deliver the needs of a future workforce.

包括更靈活地使用空間和時間，以便能夠滿足未來勞動力的需求。

In the post-pandemic era, many companies will need to change the layout of their offices and accept that employees have second offices in their homes or elsewhere.

在後疫情時代，許多公司需要改變其辦公室的佈局，並接受員工會在家中或其他地方有第二辦公室的情況。

This new concept of the office will change how employees need and expect to be managed.

這種新的概念將改變員工所需要的以及期望被管理的方式。

If I was looking for a new job, I think having that flexibility to continue to do remote working will be my top priority, even more important than salary itself.

如果我正在尋找一份新工作，我想比工資更重要的是，我會優先考慮這份工作有沒有能遠端工作的彈性。

So, in management speak, bosses will need to think outside the box, and outside of the traditional office.

所以，用管理學來說，老闆們需要擺脫思維定勢，擺脫傳統辦公室的束縛。

Being judged on how often you show your face in the company office will no longer cut it.

以在公司露面的頻率為員工進行評價的做法不再適用。

Even in parts of the world where there has traditionally been a strong culture of presenteeism.

即使在世界上一些看重出勤的地區也是如此。

Thinking that we are being assessed or appraised by attendance rather than performance, that’s a very Asian culture.

能力所受到的評估或受到的稱讚是根據出勤率而不是工作表現是一種很亞洲的辦公室文化。

Making hybrid offices a success will require managers to give employees more autonomy.

混合式辦公室的成功建立在雇主能給予員工自主權上。

So, a hybrid model requires a very high degree of trust between employers and employees.

因此這種混合模式需要勞雇雙方的高度信任。

Now, we find that to be a real challenge for managers, and that’s true not just in the Asia-Pacific but all over the world.

而今天我們發現，那對於經理級而言會是一個挑戰，不僅僅只是亞太地區會產生的挑戰，而是全球都面臨著的。

Better management of employees who are not always in the same physical office will be crucial to companies’ ability to retain and recruit the best talent.

更好的管理不全然會在同一個實體辦公室工作的員工，考驗了公司保留和招聘最適人才的能力。

'Cause what happens then is, managers start to move toward a way of evaluating employees that’s based on their results, not on the hours that they're putting in.

因為接下來會發生的是，經理開始要根據員工的成果而不是投入時間進行評價。

Employees are more engaged in their work, work quality increases.

員工對工作的參與度更高的話，工作品質就會提高。

However, there could also be losers from the hybrid-office revolution.

然而，在這場混合式辦公室革命中，也可能有失敗者。

Things may get worse for groups, such as working mothers who are likely to spend less time in company offices.

對於一些群體來說情況可能會變得更糟，例如須兼顧家庭的職業婦女可能會減少在公司辦公室的時間。

Although this will be a global problem, it could be more pronounced in Asia,

雖然這將是全球都會碰到的問題，但在亞洲可能更顯著。

where discriminatory attitudes towards working mothers tend to be worse than in western Europe and North America.

亞洲對於職業婦女的歧視往往比西歐和北美的情況更糟。

We already have a great deal of gender inequality.

我們已經有了諸多的性別不平等現象。

Hybrid work could carry a risk that the inequality would become even greater.

混合式辦工可能會有讓不平等現象變得更加嚴重的風險。

Hybrid work may not only change office management cultures and office designs,

混合式工作不僅可能改變辦公室管理、文化和設計，

it could also lead to multinational companies building more offices, namely, smaller and more local ones.

它也可能讓跨國企業建立更多的辦事處，也就是更小和更多的在地辦公室。

In the commercial-property trade, this is known as the hub and spoke model.

在商業地產市場中，這被稱為「中心輻射模式」。

So, as companies have become more comfortable with hybrid work, the concept of having multiple locations that all form part of that office ecosystem has become much more popular.

隨著公司越來越適應混合式辦公，擁有多個辦公地點的新辦公室文化已經變得越來越流行。

One of the driving forces here is reduced appetite for commuting into city centers.

員工降低通勤到市中心去工作的需要是一切的驅動力之一。

In Singapore, only 30% of workers have returned to their offices in the central business district since the pandemic.

新加坡在疫情過後只有30%的工人回到辦公室。

And this pattern has repeated in cities across the world.

而這種情況在世界各地的城市重複出現。

In the City of London, office vacancies have nearly doubled since the last quarter of 2019.

在倫敦，自2019年最後一個季度以來，辦公室空置率幾乎增加了一倍。

In Hong Kong, office vacancies have doubled.

And in Paris La Défense, office vacancies have nearly tripled.

而在巴黎的拉德芳斯，辦公室空置率近增了兩倍。

This trend could mean more offices and co-working spaces popping up in residential areas.

這一趨勢可能意味著更多的辦公室和聯合辦公空間將出現在住宅區。

Not least in Asia, where large multigenerational households are common and space to work at home can be at a premium.

尤其亞洲，多代同堂的大家庭很普遍，因此在家裡的空間可能很有限。

Employees will increasingly want office options closer to home.

員工會越來越希望選擇離家近的辦公室。

Those locations not only attract more competitive businesses but they also attract more competitive talent.

而那些辦公地點不僅吸引了更具競爭力的企業，也吸引了更有競爭力的人才。

Changes to the concept, design, and location of offices could have wider repercussions for the look of cities.

對辦公室的概念、設計和地點的改變可能會對城市的面貌產生更廣泛的影響。

In countries across the globe, urban planners are returning to design models which incorporate concepts used after the Industrial Revolution.

全球各國的城市規劃者所規劃的新模式將包含工業革命後所使用的設計概念。

Back then, businesses and industries were often found close to or in residential areas, before the arrival of the car changed this.

當時的商業和工業區常常在住宅區附近，直到汽車的誕生改變了一切。

In the last 100, 150 years, the cities has [sic] evolved from one that is very mixed in function into cities that are becoming more and more segregated.

在過去的100年、150年裡，城市內的功能從互相交織演變為劃分越來越明顯。

But we are beginning to see a reverse in this trend.

但我們開始看到這一趨勢出現了逆轉。

You live, work, play, learn, etc., in close, close proximity.

人們生活、工作、娛樂、學習的地方彼此相當靠近。

Now, urban planners in Singapore are pushing design concepts like the 15-minute city, 5-minute city, and even 1-minute city, where all daily necessities are within easy reach.

現今，新加坡的城市規劃者正在推動像是15分鐘的城市，5分鐘的城市，甚至是1分鐘的城市這樣的設計理念，讓日常所需都在咫尺之間。

Although Singapore has often been ahead of the curve in urban planning, this trend could become more global.

儘管新加坡在城市規劃方面經常領先於其他國家，但這種趨勢可能變得更加全球化。

There’s really no reason why offices cannot be mixed with residential

真的沒有不該把辦公室和住宅結合在一起的理由。

And I think it will be a win-win⏤it’s not just the individual, but it’s individual, community, and business.

而我認為這將是一個雙贏的結果，不僅僅是個人，而且是個人、社區和企業。

Hello, I’m Tom Standage, deputy editor at "The Economist".

大家好，我是《經濟學人》的副主編Tom Standage。

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如果你想了解更多關於這個主題的資訊，請點擊鏈接

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