is just what's in front of you… there’s such an adrenaline rush with jousting

就是你面前的東西......比武的時候有一種腎上腺素的刺激。

Playing the role of a knight… you're not acting, you are being

扮演一個騎士的角色......你不是在演戲，你是在做人

You've got to learn how to ride a horse

你必須學會如何騎馬

You've got to learn how to wear armour

你必須學會如何穿戴盔甲

And then you've got to use weapons

然後你得使用武器

And then you're going to do it on a horse

然後你要在馬背上做這件事

So you're combining all  these key skills at one point

是以，你在一個點上結合了所有這些關鍵技能

These are the key skills to becoming a knight

這些是成為騎士的關鍵技能

I'm Dominic Sewell of Historic Equitation

我是歷史性馬術的多米尼克-蘇維爾

History was the only thing I was good at school

歷史是我在學校唯一擅長的事情

It's the one thing that's always  fascinated me and drawn me back

這是一件始終讓我著迷並吸引我回來的事情。

I grew up in a castle town

我在一個城堡小鎮長大

I played in the castle ruins as a kid 

我小時候在城堡的廢墟上玩過

and it's been an interest that’s  stayed with me literally all my life.

這也是我一生的興趣所在。

I started off just playing  around with swords for fun

我一開始只是為了好玩而玩劍

and then I met a group of people doing some medieval banquets in Nottingham

然後我遇到一群人在諾丁漢做一些中世紀的宴會。

where I met some reenactors who had done these big, large, full scale battles

在那裡，我遇到了一些重演者，他們曾做過這些大型的、大型的、全規模的戰鬥

I was captivated when I first went to my first re-enactment, and the camaraderie amongst people

當我第一次去參加重演時，我被吸引住了，人們之間的友情。

and how lovely it was to be welcomed in

迎接他們的是多麼可愛的

and it just fired my imagination, fired my love of the 15th century

它只是激發了我的想象力，激發了我對15世紀的熱愛。

I remember meeting a friend  of mine at that first battle

我記得在那第一次戰鬥中遇到了我的一個朋友

Three battles later he rides by on  a horse and I couldn’t believe it

三次戰鬥後，他騎著馬經過，我簡直不敢相信。

I said: ‘what, you can put the things together 

我說："什麼，你可以把這些東西放在一起

and encapsulate that wonderful  image of a knight on a horse?’

並囊括了騎在馬上的騎士的美妙形象？

And so at that point in my mid-twenties I went to learn to ride horses

所以在我二十多歲的時候，我就去學騎馬了。

and I realised very quickly that this is something 

我很快就意識到這是一種

you have to take seriously because  you can’t just play with horses

你必須認真對待，因為你不能只是玩馬。

You have to respect them,  you have to learn about them

你必須尊重他們，你必須瞭解他們

and you have to learn how to ride them

你必須學會如何駕馭它們

So to actually paint this image of a medieval 

是以，要真正描繪出這個中世紀的形象

knight has taken 25 years to  actually become a reality.

騎士花了25年時間才真正成為現實。

Traditionally, what we find from records is that young men at the age of seven would be

傳統上，我們從記錄中發現，年輕男子在7歲時就會

sent to be educated by a knight

送去接受騎士的教育

He would work in their household as a Page, 

他將在他們的家庭中作為一個佩奇工作。

working his way up so he would learn  to serve at tables, serve meals.

他的工作方式是讓他學會在餐桌前服務，提供膳食。

He would learn... from the age  of seven he would learn how to 

他將學習......從七歲開始，他將學習如何

ride and how to fight with weapons

騎馬和如何使用武器作戰

He was trained to be a soldier, essentially

他被訓練成一名阿兵哥，基本上是這樣的

And from there, his whole life until he was 

從那時起，他的整個人生，直到他在

15 or 16, would be dedicated  to his own personal training

15或16歲，將致力於他自己的個人訓練

The process in which people learn  to train with arms takes time

人們學習使用武器訓練的過程需要時間

You have to use and understand  and learn what a sword does

你必須使用並理解和學習劍的作用

You have to learn and understand what  a lance does and how it should be used

你必須學習和了解長槍的作用以及如何使用它

This is our arming sword

這就是我們的武裝劍

It's a simple sword: two edges, a cross guard and a wheel pommel, and the grip

這是一把簡單的劍：兩邊，一個十字護手和一個輪狀鞍座，而握把

Now the sword can be used with  both edges at the same time

現在，這把劍可以同時使用兩邊的劍刃了

We call this the leading edge or long edge

我們把這稱為前緣或長緣

This, the false edge

這，就是假的邊緣

You can cut down, parry around, and then use the false edge backwards

你可以往下砍，在周圍招架，然後向後使用假邊

So, for example, if I cut forwards and miss I can still cut back again with the other side

是以，舉例來說，如果我向前切，沒有切中，我仍然可以用另一邊再切回來。

What's most common in the 15th century that we're based in for the jousting  

在我們所處的15世紀，什麼是最常見的比武？

is the hand and a half sword

是手和半劍

The blade is tapered and slightly diamond-shaped

刀片呈錐形，略呈菱形

It's not particularly sharp until  the very end where it tapers away

它並不特別尖銳，直到最後才逐漸變細。

This is because we can use a technique called half-swording, where the sword can be gripped

這是因為我們可以使用一種叫做半截式的技術，即可以握住劍

and used to set aside a blade and  thrust into an opponent's body

並用於擱置刀片和刺入對手的身體

This is particularly useful when fighting against another armoured opponent, where you

這在與另一個裝甲對手作戰時特別有用，你可以

can search for the gaps within  the armour and strike through

可以尋找盔甲內的空隙，並通過它進行攻擊。

Knights were trained to use lots of weapons

騎士們接受了使用大量武器的訓練

But the most common weapon used by  a knight on foot was the poleaxe

但步行的騎士最常使用的武器是桿狀斧頭

and in a tournament it was one of  the first things that you would see

而在比賽中，它是你首先看到的東西之一。

Clive takes up a defensive  position with a lower guard

克萊夫佔據了一個下位防守的位置

Lisa takes a high guard, and what she'll do is strike forward onto her right foot and

麗莎採取高位防守，她要做的是用她的右腳向前擊打，然後用她的右腳向右轉。

strike down upon her opponent's head, who parries it and then strikes towards her face

擊打對方的頭部，對方抵擋後又向她的面部擊打

Clearly, the blow from Clive  would have won that point

顯然，克萊夫的打擊會贏得這一分

However, if it is a different course of affairs, Lisa does the same thing

然而，如果是不同的事情，麗莎也會做同樣的事情

She strikes to the head

她打到頭部

Clive powers it down but Lisa turns, knocks 

克萊夫把它放下，但麗莎轉過身來，敲了敲門。

the cue out of the way and  strikes again to the head

將球杆移開，再次向頭部擊打

One point to Lisa

給麗莎的一點意見

Here is a lance

這裡有一把長槍

It's 12 foot of pine topped  with a training coronel

它是12英尺高的松樹，上面有一個訓練用的冠冕。

This is a cast polyurethane coronel instead 

這是一個澆鑄的聚氨酯冠詞，而不是。

of a traditional steel one that  would be used with a solid lance

傳統的鋼製長矛，將與固體長矛一起使用。

But you can see how a lance like this would work

但你可以看到像這樣的長槍是如何工作的

In the grip of an opponent... imagine that the wall is our opponent, we strike his shield

在對手的控制下......想象牆是我們的對手，我們打擊他的盾牌

and then we can see the flex  of the lance start to break

然後我們可以看到長槍的彎曲開始斷裂

and once our horse goes forward and that lance 

而一旦我們的馬向前走，那把長槍

has gripped the shield, the  lance can only do one thing

抓緊了盾牌，長槍只能做一件事

which is to break

這是要打破

and once it breaks, that energy  explodes upwards into a shower of shards

一旦斷裂，這些能量就會向上爆炸，變成一片片的碎片。

It is truly an exhilarating display of force

這確實是一種令人振奮的力量展示

[Increasingly faster drum beats]

[越來越快的鼓點]

The process of making armour  is a long and complicated one

製作盔甲的過程是一個漫長而複雜的過程

Traditionally, armour is made by heating steel plates and forming them to shape the body

傳統上，盔甲是通過加熱鋼板並使其成型來塑造身體的。

What we do in the modern generation is we are reproducing armour of the past, a whole

我們在現代所做的是我們在複製過去的盔甲，整個

process that could take up to six months: shaping grinding, filing, fitting, and then

這個過程可能需要長達6個月的時間：定型研磨、銼削、裝配，然後

we can start the polishing, until we're finally happy with what we've got

我們可以開始拋光，直到我們最終對我們得到的東西感到滿意。

The first piece of equipment that a rider 

騎手的第一件裝備

puts on when he's getting ready to  joust are the lower leg defences

當他準備比武時，他穿上的是小腿的防衛。

These are called the greaves

這些被稱為護膝

Next, we move on to the knees and the upper thighs

接下來，我們轉向膝部和大腿上部

Here we have a corset of maille

這裡我們有一件郵差的胸衣

This is all made from six  millimetre rings of maille

這都是由六毫米的環形郵件製成的。

so it's more of a textile type  of armour than solid plate armour

所以它更像是一種紡織品類型的盔甲，而不是實心板甲。

This is a two-part cuirass

這是一個由兩部分組成的護身符

This is the armour that  protects most of the upper body

這是保護大部分上半身的盔甲

It's all made of hardened  and tempered spring steel

它全部由硬化和回火的彈簧鋼製成

It's as near as it is to the  original type of steel used

它儘可能地接近於原來使用的鋼材類型

– With the steel like this,  it's not a stainless steel

- 像這樣的鋼，它不是一個不鏽鋼

A fingerprint will leave an oily residue on 

指紋會留下油性殘留物在

it, and that will start  rusting effective immediately

它將開始生鏽，立即生效

so it takes maintenance,  and it's absolutely critical

是以，它需要維護，而且這絕對是至關重要的。

So around the bottom of the  cuirass, I'm attaching extra plates

是以，在護身符的底部，我正在連接額外的板子

This one at the back hangs  down and protects the buttocks

後面的這個垂下來，保護了臀部

These plates are called tassets and they give extra protection to the groin

這些板塊被稱為Tassets，它們為腹股溝提供額外保護。

So the next pieces are the arm defences

是以，接下來的作品是手臂的防禦措施

These are generally called vambraces

這些通常被稱為藍寶石

You may notice that the elbow piece on the 

你可能會注意到，彎頭部分在

left-hand side is significantly  bigger than the one on the right

左邊的比右邊的大得多

When you're fighting on horseback with a lance, you’re using the lance over the neck of

當你在馬背上用長矛作戰時，你是用長矛套住對方的脖子的。

the horse to the left, so the more that your 

馬的左邊，所以你越是

left-hand side is defended,  the better it will be for you

左手邊的防守，對你來說就越好

This is a pauldron

這是個包羅萬象的東西

These are the shoulder defences

這些是肩部的防禦措施

Again, just like the arms, we find that this pauldron is bigger than its right-hand side

同樣，就像手臂一樣，我們發現這根柱子比它的右手邊要大。

so, again, we are asymmetrical

所以，我們又是不對稱的。

So the final two pieces to  put on are the gauntlets 

是以，最後兩件要穿上的是鎧甲。

and - most importantly - the helm

以及--最重要的--舵手

Training people on horses is  a long and complicated process

訓練人騎馬是一個漫長而複雜的過程

but it's helped enormously by some of the medieval fighting manuals at the time

但當時的一些中世紀戰鬥手冊對它有很大的幫助

particularly one written by  the King of Portugal in the 

特別是葡萄牙國王在其《世界日報》上發表的一篇文章。

early 15th century, Dom Duarte, wrote a  book called 'How to Ride on Every Saddle'

15世紀初，Dom Duarte寫了一本名為《如何在每個馬鞍上騎行》的書。

and in this, he describes in absolute implicit context how a man should joust

在這一點上，他在絕對隱含的背景下描述了一個人應該如何比武

how to look at your opponent, how to carry 

如何看待你的對手，如何攜帶

your lance, how to do it safely on  your behalf and on your horse's behalf

你的長槍，如何為你和你的馬安全地做這件事

So this is why we use the teachings of five hundred years ago, because they’re still  

所以這就是為什麼我們使用五百年前的教義，因為它們仍然是

relevant today

與今天有關

There's something really profound about what happens to your senses when you’re  

在你的感官上發生了一些非常深刻的事情，當你

encased in armour

盔甲包裹著

and a visor shut and you can see very little, and that focuses your mind

和遮陽板關閉，你可以看到很少的東西，這使你的思想集中起來。

You can't just dive into it, you can't try  

你不能只是潛入它，你不能嘗試

jousting. You have to joust

比武。你必須要比武

and that's a very long journey from when you say 

而這是一個非常漫長的旅程，從你說的

‘I’d quite like to do that’  to actually achieving it

從 "我很想這麼做 "到真正實現它。

Riding horses just isn't enough for jousting

騎馬只是不足以進行比武而已

You have to be able to wear armour

你必須能夠穿上盔甲

so you have to be physically strong

所以你必須要有強健的體魄

You have to learn how to carry a lance for 

你必須學會如何攜帶長矛進行

long periods of time and to cope  with the energy of a breaking lance

長時間，並應對斷裂的長矛的能量

You've got to have a lot of aerobic support

你必須要有大量的有氧支持

You have to deal with a lot of mental stress

你必須處理大量的精神壓力

You have to deal with physical discomfort

你必須處理身體不適的問題

You have to deal with cold, with heat

你必須應對寒冷，應對炎熱

Sometimes all of those things at the same time

有時，所有這些事情都同時發生

– "Laissez... Allez!"

- "Laissez...來吧！"

What English Heritage offers is a chance to step back in time to something that is as close to

英格蘭遺產提供的是一個機會，讓我們回到過去，去了解那些與我們的生活息息相關的東西。

jousting as is actually possible to do

爭奪戰，因為實際上是可以做到的

Because it is jousting

因為它是比武

There's no pretend

不存在假裝

People are breaking lances upon each other, 

人們正在互相折斷長矛。

how it happened with the equipment  that was used at the time

當時使用的設備是如何發生的

So what you're achieving is a very authentic 

所以你所實現的是一個非常真實的

joust, and that's not something  that anybody else can offer

比武，而這不是其他人可以提供的。

There's many facets to my  job and I love most of it

我的工作有很多方面，我喜歡其中的大部分。

I love being able to train and watch their journey to being very proficient riders

我喜歡能夠訓練和觀察他們成為非常熟練的騎手的過程。

and then performing in front  of the public at a high level

然後在公眾面前進行高水準的表演

And again, the same with the animals themselves

同樣，對動物本身也是如此

The horses are very, very  important to what we do. Vital

馬匹對我們的工作非常、非常重要。生命力

And watching their progression in training from young horses that are completely untrained

看著他們在訓練中的進步，從完全沒有受過訓練的年輕馬匹開始

never had a horseman on their back, to the 

從未有騎手在他們的背上，到

high levels of performance  that they can do is wonderful

他們所能做到的高水平的表現是非常好的。

There's nothing better than seeing  a horse when it has its first joust

沒有什麼比看到一匹馬的第一次比武更好的了。

That never leaves you

從未離開過你

It's more than just a job,  more than just an income

這不僅僅是一份工作，不僅僅是一份收入

It's something that has become a way of life

這是已經成為一種生活方式的東西

It's something that's imbued within me

這是在我內心深處灌輸的東西

Doing what we do for English Heritage is just a wonderful way of… really, not growing up!

我們為英國遺產所做的工作只是一種美妙的方式......真的，沒有長大！"。