And one of these three, the one I'm most interested in at the moment, read, “certainty

而這三個中的一個，也是我目前最感興趣的一個，內容是："確定性

brings ruin.”

帶來毀滅。"

And in /Ecce Homo/, Nietzsche wrote, “It is not doubt, it is certainty which makes

尼采在《智者》一書中寫道："不是懷疑，而是確定，這使得

mad…But to feel in this way one must be profound, abyss, philosopher…We all /fear/

瘋了......但要有這種感覺，就必須是深刻的、深淵的、哲學家的......我們都是/害怕/的。

truth…”

真相......"

Even Socrates said that all he knew was that he didn't know.

甚至蘇格拉底也說，他所知道的就是他不知道。

So it seems that the wise are united in at least one quality: they refuse to be certain.

這樣看來，智者至少在一個品質上是一致的：他們拒絕確定。

And so we're left to wonder: /why/ do they refuse to be certain?

是以，我們不禁要問。/為什麼他們拒絕確定？

I think I might have an idea why.

我想我可能有一個想法，為什麼。

All of your actions have an effect on the world.

你的所有行為都會對世界產生影響。

And for the purposes of this essay, let's say that if you know the effect that each

為了這篇文章的目的，讓我們說，如果你知道每個人的效果

of your actions will have on the world, then you know the truth.

你的行為會對世界產生什麼影響，那麼你就知道真相。

So if you knew the truth, then you'd know how to act to achieve any effect in the world.

是以，如果你知道真相，那麼你就會知道如何行動，以達到世界上的任何效果。

And in this way, the truth would set you free.

這樣一來，真理會使你自由。

And if you ask me, I think the only way to reach the truth is to doubt everything you

如果你問我，我認為達到真理的唯一途徑是懷疑你的一切

think you know.

認為你知道。

And that's why the wise refuse to be certain: doubt is the way to truth.

這就是為什麼智者拒絕確定：懷疑是通往真理的道路。

Let me explain.

讓我解釋一下。

Imagine an area of land.

想象一下，有一片土地。

The land has locations and ways to those locations.

土地有位置，也有通往這些位置的途徑。

The land represents truth.

土地代表真理。

Now imagine that you have a map of that land.

現在想象一下，你有一張那片土地的地圖。

You have a map that indicates the locations of the land and the way to those locations.

你有一張地圖，上面標明瞭土地的位置和通往這些地方的道路。

The map represents your knowledge.

地圖代表你的知識。

So if your map overlaps with the land, then your knowledge is true, or for the purposes

是以，如果你的地圖與土地重疊，那麼你的知識就是真實的，或者為了

of this video, we can say you have the truth.

的這段視頻，我們可以說你掌握了真相。

Now imagine if the land was constantly changing, literally changing every second.

現在想象一下，如果土地不斷變化，簡直是每秒鐘都在變化。

Your map would rarely ever be true.

你的地圖很少會是真的。

You'd rarely have the truth.

你很少會有真實的情況。

But what if your map could account for the changing land.

但是，如果你的地圖能夠說明不斷變化的土地，會怎麼樣呢？

What if it updated just as fast as the land changed, so you could always reach your destination?

如果它的更新速度和土地的變化一樣快，所以你總是可以到達你的目的地呢？

Then we'd say the map was always true.

那麼我們就會說地圖一直是真實的。

We could say you have the truth.

我們可以說你掌握了真相。

And so what would it mean to have the truth?

那麼，擁有真理意味著什麼呢？

/It means having knowledge that works across any space and at any time./ And to return

/它意味著擁有在任何空間和任何時間都能發揮作用的知識。

to our original question, how does doubt lead to truth?

對於我們最初的問題，懷疑是如何導致真理的？

Doubt is testing knowledge across space and time.

懷疑是跨越空間和時間測試知識。

Doubting your beliefs means taking what you think you know and finding a space or a time

懷疑你的信念意味著把你認為你知道的東西，找到一個空間或一個時間

where it doesn't hold true.

在那裡它不成立。

This will destroy the belief and force you to remake it in a way where it does hold true.

這將摧毀這個信念，並迫使你以一種它確實成立的方式來重塑它。

And if you continue to doubt and test your knowledge in this way, you will make your

如果你繼續以這種方式懷疑和測試你的知識，你將使你的

knowledge better.

知識更好。

Your knowledge will start to hold true across more spaces and more times.

你的知識將開始在更多的空間和更多的時間裡保持真實。

It will become more useful and more true, and you yourself will have more truth.

它將變得更加有用，更加真實，而你自己也將擁有更多的真理。

And if doubt leads to truth, and truth will set you free, then doubt will also set you

如果懷疑導致了真理，而真理將使你自由，那麼懷疑也將使你

free.

免費的。

That concludes my exploration of Nietzsche's teaching.

我對尼采教誨的探索到此為止。

As always, this is just my opinion and understanding of Nietzsche, not advice.

一如既往，這只是我對尼采的看法和理解，並不是建議。

If you're looking for another video to watch after this one, I recommend watching my video

如果你想在這個視頻之後再看另一個視頻，我建議看我的視頻

“Nietzsche - Challenge Yourself, Learn the Truth”.

"尼采--挑戰自我，瞭解真相"。

I'll put a link to it in the description below and in the top right of the screen

我會在下面的描述中和螢幕的右上方放一個鏈接。

right now.

就在此時。