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  • In Ancient Greece, at the Temple of Apollo, three maxims of critical importance were inscribed.

    在古希臘,在阿波羅神廟,刻有三條至關重要的格言。

  • And one of these three, the one I'm most interested in at the moment, read, “certainty

    而這三個中的一個,也是我目前最感興趣的一個,內容是:"確定性

  • brings ruin.”

    帶來毀滅。"

  • And in /Ecce Homo/, Nietzsche wrote, “It is not doubt, it is certainty which makes

    尼采在《智者》一書中寫道:"不是懷疑,而是確定,這使得

  • madBut to feel in this way one must be profound, abyss, philosopherWe all /fear/

    瘋了......但要有這種感覺,就必須是深刻的、深淵的、哲學家的......我們都是/害怕/的。

  • truth…”

    真相......"

  • Even Socrates said that all he knew was that he didn't know.

    甚至蘇格拉底也說,他所知道的就是他不知道。

  • So it seems that the wise are united in at least one quality: they refuse to be certain.

    這樣看來,智者至少在一個品質上是一致的:他們拒絕確定。

  • And so we're left to wonder: /why/ do they refuse to be certain?

    是以,我們不禁要問。/為什麼他們拒絕確定?

  • I think I might have an idea why.

    我想我可能有一個想法,為什麼。

  • All of your actions have an effect on the world.

    你的所有行為都會對世界產生影響。

  • And for the purposes of this essay, let's say that if you know the effect that each

    為了這篇文章的目的,讓我們說,如果你知道每個人的效果

  • of your actions will have on the world, then you know the truth.

    你的行為會對世界產生什麼影響,那麼你就知道真相。

  • So if you knew the truth, then you'd know how to act to achieve any effect in the world.

    是以,如果你知道真相,那麼你就會知道如何行動,以達到世界上的任何效果。

  • And in this way, the truth would set you free.

    這樣一來,真理會使你自由。

  • And if you ask me, I think the only way to reach the truth is to doubt everything you

    如果你問我,我認為達到真理的唯一途徑是懷疑你的一切

  • think you know.

    認為你知道。

  • And that's why the wise refuse to be certain: doubt is the way to truth.

    這就是為什麼智者拒絕確定:懷疑是通往真理的道路。

  • Let me explain.

    讓我解釋一下。

  • Imagine an area of land.

    想象一下,有一片土地。

  • The land has locations and ways to those locations.

    土地有位置,也有通往這些位置的途徑。

  • The land represents truth.

    土地代表真理。

  • Now imagine that you have a map of that land.

    現在想象一下,你有一張那片土地的地圖。

  • You have a map that indicates the locations of the land and the way to those locations.

    你有一張地圖,上面標明瞭土地的位置和通往這些地方的道路。

  • The map represents your knowledge.

    地圖代表你的知識。

  • So if your map overlaps with the land, then your knowledge is true, or for the purposes

    是以,如果你的地圖與土地重疊,那麼你的知識就是真實的,或者為了

  • of this video, we can say you have the truth.

    的這段視頻,我們可以說你掌握了真相。

  • Now imagine if the land was constantly changing, literally changing every second.

    現在想象一下,如果土地不斷變化,簡直是每秒鐘都在變化。

  • Your map would rarely ever be true.

    你的地圖很少會是真的。

  • You'd rarely have the truth.

    你很少會有真實的情況。

  • But what if your map could account for the changing land.

    但是,如果你的地圖能夠說明不斷變化的土地,會怎麼樣呢?

  • What if it updated just as fast as the land changed, so you could always reach your destination?

    如果它的更新速度和土地的變化一樣快,所以你總是可以到達你的目的地呢?

  • Then we'd say the map was always true.

    那麼我們就會說地圖一直是真實的。

  • We could say you have the truth.

    我們可以說你掌握了真相。

  • And so what would it mean to have the truth?

    那麼,擁有真理意味著什麼呢?

  • /It means having knowledge that works across any space and at any time./ And to return

    /它意味著擁有在任何空間和任何時間都能發揮作用的知識。

  • to our original question, how does doubt lead to truth?

    對於我們最初的問題,懷疑是如何導致真理的?

  • Doubt is testing knowledge across space and time.

    懷疑是跨越空間和時間測試知識。

  • Doubting your beliefs means taking what you think you know and finding a space or a time

    懷疑你的信念意味著把你認為你知道的東西,找到一個空間或一個時間

  • where it doesn't hold true.

    在那裡它不成立。

  • This will destroy the belief and force you to remake it in a way where it does hold true.

    這將摧毀這個信念,並迫使你以一種它確實成立的方式來重塑它。

  • And if you continue to doubt and test your knowledge in this way, you will make your

    如果你繼續以這種方式懷疑和測試你的知識,你將使你的

  • knowledge better.

    知識更好。

  • Your knowledge will start to hold true across more spaces and more times.

    你的知識將開始在更多的空間和更多的時間裡保持真實。

  • It will become more useful and more true, and you yourself will have more truth.

    它將變得更加有用,更加真實,而你自己也將擁有更多的真理。

  • And if doubt leads to truth, and truth will set you free, then doubt will also set you

    如果懷疑導致了真理,而真理將使你自由,那麼懷疑也將使你

  • free.

    免費的。

  • That concludes my exploration of Nietzsche's teaching.

    我對尼采教誨的探索到此為止。

  • As always, this is just my opinion and understanding of Nietzsche, not advice.

    一如既往,這只是我對尼采的看法和理解,並不是建議。

  • If you're looking for another video to watch after this one, I recommend watching my video

    如果你想在這個視頻之後再看另一個視頻,我建議看我的視頻

  • Nietzsche - Challenge Yourself, Learn the Truth”.

    "尼采--挑戰自我,瞭解真相"。

  • I'll put a link to it in the description below and in the top right of the screen

    我會在下面的描述中和螢幕的右上方放一個鏈接。

  • right now.

    就在此時。

In Ancient Greece, at the Temple of Apollo, three maxims of critical importance were inscribed.

在古希臘,在阿波羅神廟,刻有三條至關重要的格言。

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