Home to over 20,000 classes to teach you a new life skill.

超過20,000個課程的家，教你一個 新的生活技能。

The first 500 people to sign up with the link below will get their first 2 months for free.

前500人註冊鏈接 以下將免費獲得前2個月。

50.1 years.

50.1年。

According to the World Health Organization, this is the average life expectancy

根據世界衛生組織，這是獅子山共和國的平均預期壽命

in the country of Sierra Leone.

根據世界衛生組織，這是獅子山共和國的平均預期壽命

As of now, one of the lowest in the world.

是到目前為止，預期壽命最低的國家之一。

At the other end of the spectrum, we have countries like Italy, Iceland, Singapore & Switzerland

在世界其他地方，有意大利，新加坡及瑞士，

all with an average life expectancy well into their 80's.

他們的平均預期壽命都有80年以上。

Now beating all those countries however, is of course Japan

然而日本勝過上述所有國家，

topping the list at 83.7 years.

以83.7歲高齡佔據榜首。

(Note that the UN data is a little different).

注意聯合國的數據稍有不同。

Regardless, this is the country with the longest average life expectancy.

儘管如此，日本仍是平均預期壽命最長的國家，

But, this video is not about Japan, because there is a city with an even longer life expectancy.

但是，此影片不談日本，因為有一個比日本更長壽的城市。

This is Hong Kong, a city with over 7.4 million people

這是香港，有超過740萬人的城市，

living on about a thousand square kilometres of land (or 400 square miles).

居住在1100平方公里(400平方英里)的土地上。

One of the most densely populated places on the planet - a fast paced city that never sleeps.

世界上人口最密集的城市之一 - 生活節奏急速得不能睡，

It's a city of contradictions with towering buildings next to lush green mountains,

是一個矛盾的城市，高樓大廈旁是青山綠水、

street food stalls alongside McDonald's & KFC's,

街頭小吃的兩旁駐紮著麥當勞和肯德基、

markets selling cheap counterfeits in front of designer stores

亦有在時裝店前售賣便宜的假貨店。

but the most surprising perhaps is the extremely long life expectancy

但最令人驚訝的是其預期壽命非常長，

of the people living in what is one of the most polluted cities in the world.

而他們居住在世界上污染最嚴重的城市之一。

Hong Kong has an average life expectancy of 84.3 years.

香港人均預期壽命是84.3歲。

Ironically enough, Hong Kong, or Heung Gong as it's pronounced in Cantonese

十分諷刺的是，香港，

literally translates to 'Fragrant Harbour'.

以廣東話直譯為芬香的港口。

This title may have been more fitting back in the day when fragrant wood products and incense

這稱謂或更適合以往在香港交易的

were traded in the region

芬香的木製品和煙香。

but today, in all its smoggy glory, it's perhaps just another addition to the city of contradictions.

但今日，煙霧繚繞的香港，或只是這個城市增添另一個矛盾。

With the 200,000 plus red taxis trawling the roads, uniform high-rises impacting air circulation,

二十萬架紅色的士奔走在路上，統一的高樓影響著空氣循環，

idling engines of cars, trucks, buses;

汽車、貨車、巴士的空轉引擎，

cargo-ship emissions, giant coal-fired power stations,

貨輪碳排放，巨型燃煤發電站

and the thousands of factories in neighbouring Mainland China puffing out fumes,

和以千計在鄰近的中國大陸工廠排放出來的毒霧，

pollution is considered a serious problem in Hong Kong.

在香港，污染是一個嚴重的問題。

Note the city has among the highest density of vehicles in the world

注意，香港是世界上車輛密度最高的城市之一，

and visibility there is also less than eight kilometers for 30% of the year.

而可視度每年有三分之一時間少於八公里。

When London was hit by The Great Smog of 1952, one of the worst air pollution events in history,

倫敦在1952年發生倫敦煙霧事件，是歷史上最嚴重的空氣污染事件之一，

an estimated 12,000 people died due to the high concentrations.

估計一萬二千人因高濃度空氣污染而死亡。

So it's no surprise that in Hong Kong, bad air quality is responsible for about 90,000 hospital admissions

因此香港每年因空氣質素欠佳導致九萬人入院

and 2800 premature deaths every year.

和二千八百人提前死亡，亦不足為奇。

A study found that air pollution in Hong Kong increased the risk of dying from

研究顥示，香港的空污將罹患任何癌症致死的機率

any type of cancer by 22%.

提升了22%。

So, what's going on here?

所以，到底發生了什麼？

How can this not-so-fragrant, "Fragrant Harbour" harbour a population

這個不太香的香港，如何在高度污染下

with the longest average life expectancy in the world?

仍有全球最長的平均預期壽命？

Japan had traditionally been the one to beat, but over the last few decades,

日本以往是要超越的地方，但過去幾十年，

Hong Kong had caught up in a huge way, overtaking Japan about five years ago.

香港增長迅速，五年前接替日本的位置。

Ok, if we take a look at where Hong Kong is positioned,

如果觀望香港所在的位置，

it's in a region that's not too hot and not too cold.

是不太熱也不太冷的地區，

It's a subtropical climate which makes life easier and more comfortable.

亞熱帶的氣候使人們活得更輕鬆。

There aren't, for example, harsh winter months that take a toll on the elderly

不像其他地方，持續一月的寒冬能使長者染上寒疾，

like in the US or UK where there's an excess of deaths during wintertime.

如英美等國在冬天就會出現更多死亡。

But, other places or countries also known for longevity

但是，其他同樣長壽的地方，

can actually have very different climates than Hong Kong

可能會有與香港非常不同的氣候。

so this certainly isn't the only factor.

所以氣候不是唯一的因素。

In fact, this is just the first of eight that I'll be covering.

事實上，氣候只是我們要揭露的八個原因之一。

The last two here I find particularly fascinating.

最後兩個因素我覺得特別有趣。

Now of course food is on this list.

榜上有食物的因素。

Hong Kong's geographical access to good food isn't surprising

由於香港處於沿海和門戶接近亞洲其他國家，

given the region's position as a marine and land gateway to many parts of Asia.

香港的地理環境創造出好食物並不出奇。

The local cuisine is also in many ways similar to the Mediterranean diet

當地餐飲亦與所有主要科學機構鼓勵預防慢性疾病的

which most if not all major scientific organizations encourage for prevention of major chronic diseases.

地中海式飲食相似。

They also drink copious amounts of herbal tea which has plenty of antioxidants

他們亦飲用擁有豐富抗氧化劑

and lowers blood pressure levels.

和可降低血壓的涼茶。

Not surprisingly, like in many parts of Asia, you see very few big or overweight people in Hong Kong

因此，像其他亞洲國家，你很少在香港看到肥大或過重的人。

actually I've already covered some of this in my video on

事實上我已經在這一條影片提及

why Asians supposedly don't get fat (a reference to the stereotype)

為甚麼亞洲人不會肥胖

which you can find in the description below.

可以在下方描述找到。

Right, accessibility is also a factor.

可及性亦是因素之一。

Despite living in a dense urban area, Hong Kongers have easy access to most amenities

儘管住在高密度的市區，港人容易到達大部分的設施，

there are numerous walkways and footbridges that seem to connect anything to everything

有大量的走廊和天橋可以連接到所有地方，

actually it can be quite a maze

這可以將一個迷宮一般。

but this means more walking and less driving (which is good).

但這也意味著人們走更多路而更少駕駛（也是好事）

And this despite public transportation being easy and cheap.

儘管公共交通工具方便又便宜。

Beaches and mountains are just a short drive away so taking part in physical outdoor activities

到達海灘和山上的距離不遠，所以參與戶外活動

like swimming and hiking is not an issue.

如游泳和登山不成問題。

And speaking of keeping fit, people in Hong Kong are always consciously aware

談到保持身體健康，港人經常自覺地注意

of the need to exercise.

運動的需要。

There seems to be a slight obsession with jogging in particular

港人對慢跑有某程度上的上癮

at least compared to other place I've been to.

最少比起我去過的地方是這樣。

It's a frequent sight to see people of all shapes and sizes

這很常見人們不同身材，身型

and of all ages (so it's not just the hardcores)

和不同年齡（不只是集中一部分人）

running outside on the narrow walking routes.

在狹窄的步行徑跑步。

For older people, if not jogging, you'll see many of them up early in parks and gardens

長者而言，如果不跑步，你會看見不少長者很早在公園

practicing Tai Chi or Qigong.

練習太極或者氣功。

And these places they practice in, have been designed with their needs and capacities in mind.

練習的地方，都是在設計時考慮到他們的需求和能力。

It's an enabling environment, where almost all districts in Hong Kong are members of

這有利環境，當中近乎所有香港地區

the WHO global network of age-friendly cities.

都是世衛全球年長友好網絡城市。

Now, here comes the sexy stuff, because Hong Kong's healthcare system is also top notch.

這來到性感的部分(?)，因為香港健康照顧系統亦是首屈一指。

Older people generally do not have to pay for primary care

普遍而言，長者毋須為初級照顧繳費，

and everyone has access to hospital treatment.

所有人都可以到醫院接受治療。

Nobody here is denied due to a lack of means

沒有人會因為沒有相關程序而被拒絕治療

and not surprisingly accessible health care leads to longevity.

毫無懸念，普及的健康照顧可達致長壽。

The downside though is that people tend to go to doctors or emergency rooms

不足之處的是人們太頻繁看醫生

a little too often.

或到急症室求診。

Final note here is that Hong Kong also has a low proportion of smokers

最後注意香港的煙民比例也較低，

where only about 10% of the population smoke every day

只有一成人每日吸煙。

you can compare this with the 20% in Japan.

相比之下，日本有兩成人每日吸煙。

Ok, here's a statement: “people who live alone, die sooner”.

這有個說法「孤獨之人，死得更快」。

Many studies have shown this.

這有很多研究證明。

However this isn't an issue in Hong Kong, because, like in many east Asian societies,

但對香港不是什麼問題，因為像很多東亞社會一樣，

there's a cultural emphasis on respect and care for the elders

社會文化注重尊敬和關心長者，

strong family ties lead to considerable financial and social support for people as they get older.

強大的家庭聯繫引致更關注長者的財政與社會幫助。

You'll often see large families dining together for their weekly dimsum

你能看見很多大家庭每周飲茶一趟

with younger members of the family ensuring grandma or grandpa is served first, and served well.

及年輕一輩確保祖父母獲得優先服務。

Family comes first, whether you like it or not

家庭優先，不論你喜歡與否。

and it's not uncommon to find three or four generations of the family living under one roof.

一個家同時居住三至四代並非罕見。

With all this care and attention, how can it not improve lifespan?

有這些照顧和關注，怎能不延年益壽？

And it's not just family... but friends.

這不只是家人，還有朋友。

Hong Kong's senior citizens love a bit of socializing.

香港老一輩喜愛社交。

They also love their mahjong; a super popular centuries-old Chinese tile game

他們亦喜歡一種十分受歡迎的中國骰牌遊戲：打麻將

often played in side alleyways and in parlors.

多數在小巷邊和商店裏打。

Ageing experts say this mentally stimulating game helps with the retention of memory

老齡化專家認為麻將刺激大腦，有助保留記憶，

delaying the onset of dementia.

延緩老人痴呆發作。

And all this is assuming they're not still working

這是假設他們已退休，

because in Hong Kong, there is no statutory retirement age

因為香港沒有法定退休年齡，

so you'll find many working well beyond the age of 65

所以即使超過65歲，你仍可以找到工作。

which isn't such a bad thing as prolonged engagement in organized work

而這不是壞事，長期參與組織工作

often leads to a higher age of mortality.

可延遲死亡年齡。

Alright, now, we're at the most fascinating point of all (at least I find it fascinating).

現在是所有因素之中最為吸引的一個(最少我認為)。

Let me explain.

讓我道來。

An estimated 70% of Hong Kongers over the age of 70 were NOT born in Hong Kong.

據估計超過七十歲的香港人有七成不是在香港出生。

They were born in mainland China, having come over in search of better opportunities

他們在中國大陸出生，到香港來尋求更好的機遇。

they had suffered greatly from the Cultural Revolution, which included vast famine.

他們在包括大饑荒的文化大革命中遭受苦堪

Right now, these people are at an age where they should be dying

現在，這些人到了離世的年齡。

indeed that's what's happening to their relatives and peers back in their village.

而事實上，他們故鄉的親人和朋輩正面臨離世。

But they aren't, at least not at the same rate.

但他們並沒有，最少不是同樣的速度。

And this seems to point to one thing - their attitude.

這顯示一件事-他們的態度。

Because, the ones that made it to Hong Kong had to be tough - both physically and mentally.

因為到達香港的人必需堅強 - 無論是生理上還是心理上。

They climbed, they ran, they swam

他們攀爬、奔跑、游泳

and there were many who attempted the journey that didn't make it.

而且有許多嘗試的人無法成功。

Neither East Germans climbing the Berlin Wall

無論是東德人攀爬柏林圍牆，

nor the North Koreans crossing over to China

還是北韓人越境到中國，

were comparable to this mass exodus to Hong Kong.

都比不上這個前往香港的大型難民潮。

So, why are they not yet dying off?

所以，為甚麼他們還沒有死呢？

Well, the physical and psychological attributes that helped them get to Hong Kong in the first place

生理和心理的特質幫助了他們抵達香港，

may in part be responsible for what's driving them forward today.

成為了推動他們前進的動力。

Thus at least for the present time, and in combination with the previous factors

因此至少現在，連同上述幾個因素，

this has lead to Hong Kong having the longest average life expectancy

令香港即使是世界上最污染的城市之一，

despite being one of the most polluted cities in the world.

也能做到世界預期壽命最長。

Which makes you wonder - how long they would actually live for

這也令人想到 - 他們會活多久

(and get ready for an outdated reference here)

（請預備會有過期參考）

if not for Hong Kong's 50 shades of grey.

如果沒有「香港的50道陰影」的話。

If you want to exercise your brain and live a long, healthy life, you can always take

（廣告）

a mentally stimulating course like this very one on Skillshare.

像這樣的精神刺激課程 一個在Skillshare上。

You see, Skillshare is an amazing place to learn what you want to learn.

你知道，Skillshare是一個令人驚嘆的地方 學習你想學的東西。

They have over 20,000 classes on pretty much anything

他們幾乎有超過20,000個課程 什麼

from how to improve your health through meal planning or yoga

從如何通過膳食計劃或瑜伽來改善您的健康

to how to create your own successful educational video on YouTube...

如何在YouTube上創建自己的成功教育視頻......

hopefully like this one.

希望喜歡這個。

I've personally found this class by Simon Sinek incredibly useful

我親自在西蒙找到了這個課程 Sinek非常有用

on how to deliver an effective presentation.

如何提供有效的演示文稿。

If you're curious about some of the principles I use when presenting the topics in my YouTube videos

如果您對我在YouTube視頻中展示主題時使用的一些原則感到好奇

this is one you should check out.

這是你應該看看的。

A membership to Skillshare is less than $10 a month

Skillshare的會員資格少於 每月10美元

BUT if you're one of the first 500 people to sign up with the link below

但如果您是首批註冊的500人之一 以下鏈接

you will get the first 2 months for free.

你將免費獲得前2個月。

Now just get out there

現在就出去吧

and live a long happy life.

過著幸福快樂的生活。