You love doing procedures and have the ego of a surgeon, but don’t want to go through

你喜歡做手術，有外科醫生的自負，但不想通過

the hassle of surgical residency.

外科住院醫師的麻煩。

Let’s debunk the public perception myths of what it means to be an interventional cardiologist

讓我們來揭穿公眾對介入性心臟病醫生的看法的神話

and give it to you straight.

並把它直接交給你。

This is the reality of interventional cardiology.

這就是介入心臟病學的現實。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

Jubbal博士，MedSchoolInsiders.com。

Welcome to our next installment in So You Want to Be.

歡迎來到《你想成為什麼樣的人》的下一篇文章。

In this series, we highlight a specific specialty within medicine, such as interventional cardiology,

在這個系列中，我們強調醫學中的一個特定專業，如介入心臟病學。

and help you decide if it’s a good fit for you.

並幫助你決定它是否適合你。

You can find other specialties on our So You Want to Be playlist.

你可以在我們的 "你想成為 "播放列表中找到其他專業。

We decide what specialties to cover from our community polls.

我們從社區的民意調查中決定覆蓋哪些專業。

If you want to help decide what specialty we cover next, make sure you are subscribed.

如果你想幫助決定我們下一步報道什麼專業，請確保你已經訂閱。

If you’d like to see what being an interventional cardiologist looks like, check out my second

如果你想看看作為一名介入性心臟病醫生是什麼樣子的，請看我的第二篇文章

channel, Kevin Jubbal, M.D. and our series Day in the Life where we show you what a day

在這裡，我們將向您展示 "生活中的一天 "系列的內容，以及凱文-朱巴爾醫學博士。

actually looks like for doctors and surgeons of various specialties.

對於各專業的醫生和外科醫生來說，實際上是這樣的。

An interventional cardiologist is a cardiologist who has completed additional training in minimally

介入性心臟病專家是指完成額外培訓的心臟病專家，他們的培訓內容是微創技術。

invasive procedures of the heart.

侵入性的心臟手術。

Unlike surgeons, these procedures are typically performed in a cardiac cath lab instead of

與外科醫生不同的是，這些手術通常在心臟導管室進行，而不是像外科醫生那樣在心臟導管室進行。

an operating room, and involve live x-rays, contrast dye, and specialized equipment.

一個手術室，並涉及現場X射線、造影劑和專門設備。

Historically, the field of interventional cardiology has been limited to the treatment

從歷史上看，介入心臟病學的領域一直限於治療

of coronary artery disease with balloons and stents; however, it has since evolved to include

用球囊和支架治療冠狀動脈疾病；然而，它後來發展到包括

much more.

更多。

Although coronary artery stenting continues to be the bread and butter of interventional

雖然冠狀動脈支架手術仍然是介入治療的主要內容，但它也是一個重要的組成部分。

cardiology, their scope is now much broader.

現在，他們的範圍更廣了。

There have been significant advances in the treatment of coronary blockages.

在治療冠狀動脈阻塞方面已經取得了重大進展。

Specialized tools now exist allowing interventional cardiologists to break up calcium deposits

現在有了專門的工具，允許介入心臟病專家打破鈣質沉積。

to improve outcomes and take high-resolution images from within arteries to optimize interventions.

以改善結果，並從動脈內拍攝高分辨率的影像，以優化干預措施。

There are even a variety of percutaneous mechanical heart pumps now that can temporarily keep

現在甚至有各種經皮的機械心臟泵，可以暫時保持

a patient alive if the heart is failing from a heart attack or shock.

如果病人因心臟病發作或休克而導致心臟衰竭，那麼他就能活著。

One of the more commonly used devices is the Impella left ventricular assist device.

更常用的設備之一是Impella左心室輔助裝置。

This device is inserted through the femoral artery into the left ventricle of the heart

該裝置通過股動脈插入心臟的左心室。

and uses a motor to pull blood into the ascending aorta.

並使用一個馬達將血液拉入升主動脈。

This allows the heart to rest while the device circulates blood to the vital organs of the

這使心臟得以休息，而設備則將血液循環到重要器官。

body.

身體。

An intra aortic balloon pump is another less powerful device that sits in the aorta and

主動脈內球囊泵是另一種功率較小的設備，它位於主動脈內，並在主動脈內的位置。

pumps in sync with the heart.

與心臟同步的泵。

Then there is ECMO, which is essentially an external temporary heart-lung machine used

然後是ECMO，它基本上是一個外部臨時心肺機，用於

in extreme cases.

在極端情況下。

Interventional cardiologists’ scope extends beyond coronary artery disease as well.

介入性心臟病專家的工作範圍也延伸到了冠狀動脈疾病之外。

There are a variety of innovative devices and therapies that allow interventional cardiologists

有各種各樣的創新設備和療法，使介入心臟病專家能夠

to treat a wide spectrum of issues involving the heart and vascular system.

以治療涉及心臟和血管系統的廣泛問題。

They can perform heart valve repairs and replacements, repair structural defects in the heart, and

他們可以進行心臟瓣膜的修復和替換，修復心臟的結構缺陷，以及

place a variety of other cardiac implantable devices.

放置各種其他的心臟植入裝置。

It should be noted that interventional cardiologists are not the same as cardiothoracic surgeons.

應該注意的是，介入性心臟病專家與心胸外科醫生並不相同。

Cardiothoracic surgeons are trained via surgical residencies and perform much more invasive

心胸外科醫生通過外科住院醫師培訓，進行更具侵入性的手術。

procedures than interventional cardiologists - most notably, open-heart surgeries.

與介入性心臟病專家相比，他們的手術--最顯著的是開胸手術。

That being said, as the field of interventional cardiology has evolved, there are now more

也就是說，隨著介入心臟病學領域的發展，現在有更多的

collaborative procedures than ever before.

協作程序比以往任何時候都多。

This brings me to an important method of differentiating an interventional cardiologist’s practice:

這使我想到了區分介入心臟病專家業務的一個重要方法。

academic versus hospital-employed versus private practice.

學術界與醫院僱員與私人診所。

Interventional cardiologists working in hospital-employed positions can expect to spend more dedicated

在醫院工作的介入心臟病學家可以預期花更多的時間專門從事

time in the cath lab doing procedures and less time doing general cardiology.

在導管室做手術的時間，而做普通心臟科的時間較少。

In academia, interventional cardiologists will further split their time between research,

在學術界，介入心臟病專家將進一步分擔他們的研究時間。

teaching, and other academic responsibilities.

教學和其他學術責任。

Large academic centers also tend to have a high volume of specialized and complicated

大型學術中心也往往有大量的專業和複雜的

patients such that there is a constant need for the expertise and specialization of an

病人，是以不斷地需要一個專業的和專業化的專家。

interventional cardiologist.

介入性心臟病專家。

In private practice, the majority of an interventional cardiologist’s time will be spent doing

在私人診所，介入心臟病專家的大部分時間將用於做

both procedures and general cardiology as volume and production is what drives private

由於數量和產量是推動私營企業發展的動力，是以在手術和普通心臟病學方面都有很大的發展空間。

practice revenue.

執業收入。

There are often more general cardiology duties involved in private practice compared to academic

與學術界相比，私人診所通常涉及更多的普通心臟病學職責。

or hospital-based positions.

或基於醫院的職位。

This means in addition to procedures, there are often inpatient rounds, office patients,

這意味著除了手術之外，還經常有住院病人查房、辦公室病人。

and reading imaging studies.

並閱讀成像研究。

That being said, the balance between procedure time and general cardiology can vary significantly

也就是說，手術時間和普通心臟病學之間的平衡可以有很大的不同

between practices.

做法之間。

Interventional cardiologists working in private practice tend to have higher average compensation

在私人診所工作的介入性心臟病專家的平均報酬往往較高

than their colleagues in academic or hospital-based settings.

與他們在學術或醫院環境中的同事相比，他們在醫院中的表現更好。

There is also more of a demand for interventional cardiologists in rural areas as opposed to

相比之下，農村地區對介入性心臟病醫生的需求也更大。

major metropolitan ones, so the compensation tends to be higher the more rural you get.

大都市的，所以越是在農村，報酬往往越高。

That being said, as the infrastructure of healthcare continues to change, so do the

話雖如此，隨著醫療保健的基礎設施不斷地變化，也在不斷地變化。

compensation models.

補償模式。

Let’s clear up some of the misconceptions about interventional cardiology.

讓我們澄清一些關於介入心臟病學的誤解。

A common stereotype about interventional cardiologists is that they are all workaholics with very

關於介入性心臟病專家的一個常見的刻板印象是，他們都是工作狂，有很強的責任心。

poor work-life balance.

工作與生活平衡不佳。

Although it should not be considered a “lifestyle” specialty, not all interventional cardiologists

雖然它不應該被認為是一個 "生活方式 "的專業，但並不是所有的介入心臟病專家都能做到這一點。

work terrible hours or are constantly on-call.

工作時間太長或經常待命。

There are many different types of jobs out there where you can have a decent quality

有許多不同類型的工作，在那裡你可以有一個體面的品質。

of life depending on what you prioritize.

的，取決於你優先考慮什麼。

The on-call obligations are also highly variable across different hospitals with some being

不同醫院的待命義務也有很大差異，有些醫院是

much more lax than others.

比其他國家要寬鬆得多。

Another common misconception is that all interventional cardiologists are cocky and have big egos.

另一個常見的誤解是，所有的介入心臟病專家都很自大，有很大的自負。

Although they may not be in their best mood when you wake them up at 3 AM to come in and

雖然當你在凌晨3點把他們叫起來，讓他們進來的時候，他們的心情可能不是很好。

do a procedure, a lot of interventional cardiologists are much more thoughtful and approachable

在做手術時，很多介入性心臟病專家會考慮得更周到，更容易接近。

than you might think.

比你想象的要好。

To become an interventional cardiologist, you must first complete 4 years of medical

要成為一名介入性心臟病醫生，你必須首先完成4年的醫學教育。

school, followed by 3 years of internal medicine residency, 3 years of general cardiology fellowship,

學校，然後是3年的內科住院醫生，3年的普通心臟病學研究員。

and 1 year of interventional cardiology fellowship.

和1年的介入心臟病學獎學金。

Some residents may also choose to do an optional chief resident year after internal medicine

一些住院醫師也可以選擇在內科之後做一個可選的總住院醫師年。

residency to increase their competitiveness for cardiology fellowship.

駐院醫生，以提高他們在心臟病學研究方面的競爭力。

Speaking of competitiveness, cardiology is consistently ranked as the most difficult

說到競爭力，心臟病學一直被列為最困難的學科。

internal medicine fellowship to get into.

內科獎學金的錄取。

High board scores, extensive research, and impressing your seniors and faculty in residency

聯考分數，廣泛的研究，以及在住院期間給你的學長和老師留下深刻的印象

are imperative for those wishing to pursue this career.

對那些希望從事這一職業的人來說，這一點是必不可少的。

As for the type of medical students who typically go for interventional cardiology, they tend

至於通常去做介入心臟病學的醫學生的類型，他們傾向於

to be those that are very studious and ambitious; the ones that are regularly accused of being

是那些非常好學和有抱負的人；是那些經常被指控為

gunners, overachievers, and workaholics.

槍手、成績優異的人和工作狂。

They also yearn for immediate satisfaction, are excited by cutting-edge technologies,

他們也渴望立即得到滿足，對前沿技術感到興奮。

and love working with their hands, although perhaps not as much as surgeon personalities.

並喜歡用自己的雙手工作，雖然可能沒有外科醫生的性格那麼好。

They also tend to be the students that thrive in high-stress situations and enjoy the challenge

他們也往往是在高壓力情況下茁壯成長的學生，並享受挑戰。

of taking care of some of the sickest and least stable patients in the hospital.

照顧醫院裡一些病情最嚴重和最不穩定的病人。

For interventional cardiologists who believe that 4 years of fellowship after IM residency

對於那些認為在IM住院醫師培訓後再做4年研究的介入心臟病醫師來說

isn’t punishment enough, there are a few additional 1-year fellowships to further subspecialize.

如果你認為這還不夠懲罰，還有一些額外的一年期研究金，以進一步細分專業。

Interventional cardiologists desiring further specialization in the treatment of coronary

希望在冠狀動脈治療方面進一步專業化的介入心臟病學家

artery disease can complete a year of additional training in advanced stenting procedures and

動脈疾病患者可以完成一年的高級支架手術的額外培訓和

learn specialized high-risk techniques to treat conditions like chronic total occlusion.

學習專門的高風險技術來治療慢性全閉塞症等疾病。

Those that want to specialize in valve interventions and repair of structural issues such as atrial

那些想專門從事瓣膜干預和修復結構問題的人，如心房

septal defects and left atrial appendage closures can complete an additional year of training

房間隔缺損和左心房附加物關閉術可以完成額外一年的培訓

in structural heart procedures.

在結構性心臟手術中。

Lastly, those that are interested in vascular procedures such as lower extremity revascularization,

最後，那些對血管手術感興趣的人，如下肢血管再造術。

carotid and subclavian stenting, abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, DVT and PE thrombectomy,

頸動脈和鎖骨下動脈支架植入術、腹主動脈瘤修復術、深靜脈血栓和靜脈血栓切除術。

and IVC filter placement, can complete an additional year of training in these procedures.

和IVC濾器置入術，可以完成這些手術的額外一年的培訓。

It should be noted that in the US, there is some overlap between interventional radiology

應該注意的是，在美國，干預性放射學之間有一些重疊。

and vascular surgery; however, it is still fairly common for interventional cardiologists

和血管手術；但是，對於介入性心臟病專家來說，這仍然是相當普遍的。

to perform vascular procedures.

來進行血管手術。

It should be noted that in the US, interventional cardiology has some overlap with interventional

應該注意的是，在美國，干預性心臟病學與干預性醫療有一些重合。

radiology and vascular surgery; however, it is still fairly common for interventional

放射科和血管外科；但是，對於干預性治療來說，它仍然相當普遍。

cardiologists to perform vascular procedures.

心臟科醫生進行血管手術。

That being said, it is less common in other countries.

也就是說，這在其他國家不太常見。

There’s a lot to love about interventional cardiology.

介入心臟病學有很多值得喜愛的地方。

To start, the bread and butter is coronary artery stenting for heart attacks which often

首先，麵包和黃油是用於治療心臟病發作的冠狀動脈支架手術，這通常是指

offers immediate gratification.

提供即時的滿足感。

You can save the life of someone on your table within minutes by threading a catheter through

你可以在幾分鐘內拯救你桌子上的人的生命，只要將導管穿過

a tiny hole in their wrist and opening up an occluded artery in the heart.

在他們的手腕上開了一個小洞，並打開了心臟上閉塞的動脈。

There are few specialties where you can have such a profound life-saving impact in such

很少有哪個專業能讓你在這樣的情況下產生如此深遠的拯救生命的影響。

a short amount of time.

短時間內。

Compensation is also on the higher end of the spectrum.

補償金也處於較高的水準。

The median salary for interventional cardiologists varies by geography, and lies somewhere between

介入性心臟病專家的工資中位數因地域而異，介於兩者之間。

$450,000 to $500,000 per year, with top earners exceeding $750,000.

每年450,000至500,000美元，最高收入者超過750,000美元。

That’s the highest of any non-surgical specialty.

這是所有非手術專業中最高的。

Cardiology is also one of the most heavily researched fields and with all the money and

心臟病學也是研究最為深入的領域之一，在所有的資金和

resources poured into it, it’s rapidly evolving.

傾注的資源，它正在迅速發展。

Another advantage is that as an interventional cardiologist, you are still a fully-trained

另一個優勢是，作為一名介入性心臟病專家，你仍然是一名受過全面訓練的

cardiologist.

心臟科醫生。

This means that you can often find a position that balances your desired clinical interests

這意味著，你通常可以找到一個平衡你所期望的臨床興趣的職位

and work-life balance.

和工作與生活的平衡。

If you ever get to the point where you can’t tolerate wearing lead aprons and standing

如果你有一天到了無法忍受穿戴鉛圍裙和站立的程度

long hours each day performing procedures, you can take comfort in knowing that you can

如果你每天都要進行長時間的手術，你可以放心地知道，你可以

still fall back on general cardiology which is less physically demanding.

但我仍會選擇體力要求較低的普通心臟病學。

Lastly, heart disease continues to be the number one cause of mortality with no sign

最後，心臟病仍然是導致死亡的頭號原因，沒有跡象表明

of slowing down.

的慢下來。

As unfortunate as this is, it also means that there will always be plenty of demand for

儘管這很不幸，但這也意味著，對 "中國人 "的需求總是很多的。

interventional cardiologists.

介入性心臟病學家。

While interventional cardiology is an awesome specialty, it’s not for everyone.

雖然介入心臟病學是一個了不起的專業，但它並不適合所有人。

With a total of 7-8 years minimum of additional training after medical school, depending on

在醫學院畢業後，總共至少有7-8年的額外培訓，這取決於

whether you opt for an additional chief resident year, becoming an interventional cardiologist

無論你是否選擇了額外的總住院醫師年，成為一名介入性心臟病醫師

is one of the longest training paths in medicine.

是醫學中最長的培訓途徑之一。

The rapidly evolving nature of the field also means that you will have to stay up-to-date

該領域快速發展的性質也意味著你必須保持最新的進展。

on the most current literature and understand how to analyze clinical trials and research

掌握最新的文獻，瞭解如何分析臨床試驗和研究。

papers well.

文件很好。

While many love the excitement and innovation of a rapidly evolving field, you might not

雖然許多人喜歡快速發展的領域的興奮和創新，但你可能不會

be as enamored by the work it takes to keep on top of new developments.

對保持新的發展所需的工作也很著迷。

In addition, the lifestyle of an interventional cardiologist is often more demanding than

此外，干預性心臟病專家的生活方式往往比其他醫生的要求更高。

most specialties.

大多數專業。

If you’re on STEMI call, for instance, you will regularly have to come into the hospital

例如，如果你在STEMI呼叫中，你將經常不得不進入醫院。

in the middle of the night for urgent procedures.

在半夜裡進行緊急手術。

Even for the most experienced physicians, being called in at 3 AM on a weekday when

即使是最有經驗的醫生，在一個工作日的凌晨3點被叫去，當

you work the next day is always tough.

你第二天的工作總是很艱難。

Interventional cardiology is more physically demanding than many specialties as well.

介入心臟病學對體力的要求也比許多專科更高。

Having to wear heavy lead aprons and stand all day doing procedures can physically wear

穿著厚重的鉛質圍裙，整天站著做手術，會對身體造成傷害。

on you over time.

隨著時間的推移，對你的影響。

It’s also a specialty that deals with very sick patients.

這也是一個與重病患者打交道的專業。

As such, it is inevitable that you will have challenging cases and complications occur.

是以，你不可避免地會有挑戰性的案件和併發症發生。

Despite your best efforts, there will still be times where patients die on you, and those

儘管你盡了最大努力，但仍會有病人死在你面前的時候，而這些

family conversations are never easy.

家庭對話從來都不容易。

How can you decide if interventional cardiology is right for you?

你如何決定介入心臟病學是否適合你？

If you love practicing medicine and are willing to dedicate the time and effort to treat the

如果你熱愛行醫，並願意奉獻時間和精力來治療。

arguably most important organ in the human body, interventional cardiology might be for

可以說是人體中最重要的器官，介入心臟病學可能是為

you.

你。

You should be okay with the occasional sleepless night and nontraditional work hours if it

你應該接受偶爾的不眠之夜和非傳統的工作時間，如果它是

means having the opportunity to treat the patients who need you most.

這意味著有機會治療最需要你的病人。

You should thrive in high-stress situations and have the mental fortitude to accept the

你應該在高壓力的情況下茁壯成長，並有精神毅力接受。

complications and bad outcomes that come along with treating very sick patients.

伴隨著治療重病患者而出現的併發症和不良後果。

You should also have some degree of physical stamina as wearing lead aprons and standing

你還應該有一定程度的體力，因為穿著鉛質圍裙和站立

still all day performing procedures can wear on you.

一整天都在進行手術，會讓你感到疲憊。

Lastly, if you enjoy working with your hands and doing procedures but don’t want to become

最後，如果你喜歡用你的雙手工作和做程序，但不想成為

a surgeon, interventional cardiology offers a great balance between clinical medicine

作為一名外科醫生，介入心臟病學在臨床醫學和醫學研究之間提供了一個巨大的平衡。

and procedures.

和程序。

Huge shout out to Interventional Cardiologist Dr. Ali Haider for helping me with the creation

衷心感謝介入性心臟病專家阿里-海德爾博士幫助我創作。

of this video.

這個視頻的。

Check out his YouTube channel and Instagram - links in the description.

查看他的YouTube頻道和Instagram - 描述中的鏈接。

Are you hoping to become an interventional cardiologist?

你是否希望成為一名介入性心臟病醫生？

To get into medical school, match into internal medicine residency, and get into a cardiology

為了進入醫學院，匹配到內科住院醫生，並進入心臟科。

fellowship, you’ll need a rock-solid application, not only with test scores but the soft components

同學們，你們需要一個堅如磐石的申請，不僅要有考試成績，還要有軟性成分

as well.

也是如此。

As you look at resources and companies to work with, seek out those who are actual M.D.

在你尋找合作的資源和公司時，要尋找那些真正的醫學博士。

physicians, not Ph.D. or other types of doctors that didn't go to medical school.

醫師，而不是博士或其他類型沒有上過醫學院的醫生。

Look for those who have achieved stellar results themselves, a track record of success with

尋找那些自己取得過輝煌業績的人，有成功記錄的人。

positive ratings from customers, and a systematic approach so you know you'll always receive

客戶的積極評價，以及一個系統的方法，所以你知道你將總是收到

high-quality service.

高質量的服務。

If you decide on Med School Insiders, we'd love to be a part of your journey in becoming

如果你決定選擇Med School Insiders，我們很願意成為你的旅程的一部分，成為

a future physician.

未來的醫生。

Visit us on MedSchoolInsiders.com.

請在MedSchoolInsiders.com上訪問我們。

Thank you all so much for watching!

非常感謝大家的觀看!

If you enjoyed this video, check out So You Want to Be an Internist, or another specialty

如果你喜歡這個視頻，請查看《你想成為一名內科醫生》，或其他專業

in our So You Want to Be playlist.

在我們的So You Want to Be播放列表中。

Much love and I’ll see you guys there.