Name: アカデミー賞「視覚効果賞」の映像効果は何が悽かったのか | WIRED.jp (アカデミー賞「視覚効果賞」の映像効果は何が凄かったのか | WIRED.jp)
Uploaded: 2022-07-02T17:40:19.000Z
Duration: 11 min 59 s

the five films nominated for an Academy Award this year for visual effects were each selected for their own unique reasons.

今年獲得奧斯卡視覺效果獎提名的五部電影，都有各自獨特的原因。

情態副詞

But what they all do share in common is that they show technical artistry that is exceptional and usually they use some new techniques that people haven't actually seen before.

但它們的共同點是，它們表現出的技術藝術性是出類拔萃的，而且通常它們使用一些人們以前實際上沒有見過的新技術。

He's worked on some of Hollywood's biggest movies.

他曾為一些好萊塢的大電影工作。

There's some really fun stories about how each one of these films was made.

關於這些電影中的每一部是如何製作的，有一些非常有趣的故事。

Let's Break Down this year's Oscars Vfx Standouts.

讓我們來分析一下今年的奧斯卡視覺效果的突出表現。

Mhm Spiderman, No Way Home has 2400 visual effects shots in it, which is pretty much every shot in the entire movie and 12 visual effects studios with thousands of artists all over the world worked to make the film happen.

蜘蛛俠，沒有回家的路》有2400個視覺效果鏡頭，這幾乎是整部電影的每一個鏡頭，12個視覺效果工作室和世界各地的數千名藝術家為這部電影工作。

You wonder why credits are so long on movies these days.

你想知道為什麼現在的電影片頭都這麼長。

And you might have thought that Tom Holland was wearing a suit throughout all of his Spiderman action in the film.

而你可能認為湯姆-霍蘭德在影片中的所有蜘蛛俠動作都是穿著西裝。

And you'd be right, but you probably didn't notice is that that suit was actually replaced in post production with a suit that had a new design and had to interact with all of the lighting environments that he was in with all the action that he was in.

你是對的，但你可能沒有注意到的是，那件衣服實際上在後期製作中被替換成了一件有新設計的衣服，並且必須與他所處的所有燈光環境和他的所有動作互動。

A real technical challenge that I think they pulled off seamlessly.

一個真正的技術挑戰，我認為他們完美地完成了。

There were fully digital versions of every character in the film that were built and some of the characters relied much more heavily on visual effects than others, electro and Sandman are two examples of that.

影片中的每個角色都有完全的數字版本，有些角色比其他角色更依賴視覺效果，電和沙人就是其中的兩個例子。

And those two characters are driven by what we in the industry called effects simulations, the dust and the lightning.

而這兩個角色是由我們行業內所謂的效果模擬，即灰塵和閃電所驅動。

Their natural phenomena that are actually simulated by the computer using the laws of physics to make them look real.

他們的自然現象，實際上是由計算機利用物理定律模擬出來的，使其看起來很真實。

A lot of people think about the visual effects Award as a technical award, but the academy really considers whether the visual effects were used for a good purpose.

很多人認為視覺效果獎是一個技術獎，但學院真正考慮的是視覺效果是否被用於一個好的目的。

Spiderman deserves to be on this list based on creative and technical merits and it obviously killed it at the box office.

基於創意和技術上的優勢，《蜘蛛俠》理應上榜，而且它顯然在票房上大獲成功。

And I've got to say that it's really, really nice to see such a fun, wholesome film as part of the list of nominees.

我不得不說，看到這樣一部有趣、健康的電影成為提名名單的一部分，真的非常、非常高興。

No Time to Die is the latest in the James Bond series of films.

沒有時間死亡》是詹姆斯-邦德系列電影的最新作品。

It's actually the first James Bond film to be nominated for this award since Moonraker.

實際上，這是自《墾荒者》以來第一部被提名為該獎項的詹姆斯-邦德電影。

What makes this film really stand out amongst the other five is that the visual effects are there to really be invisible and to support the story rather than be the story.

這部電影在其他五部電影中真正脫穎而出的原因是，視覺效果在那裡是真正看不見的，是為了支持故事而不是成為故事。

A lot of the illusions in this film really came as a collaboration between three different teams, the stunts team, the visual effects team and the special effects Team.

這部電影中的很多幻覺都是由三個不同的團隊合作完成的，特技團隊、視覺效果團隊和特效團隊。

They often get used interchangeably, but they're two very different things.

它們經常被交替使用，但它們是兩件非常不同的事情。

Special effects happen in the real world.

Visual effects happen in the computer after the fact for example, there's a scene where a fishing troller is sinking with James Bond trapped inside of it and in order to do that When we're inside the ship, the special effects team built a giant 50-foot long version of the boat that they could submerge 20 ft into a water tank on a soundstage And they could rotate it 360° to really enhance the sense of peril for every shot that was outside though it was a completely digitally created version of the ship made by visual effects studio.

視覺效果是在事後發生的，例如，有一個場景，一艘捕魚船正在下沉，詹姆斯-邦德被困在裡面，為了做到這一點，當我們在船上時，特效團隊建造了一個巨大的50英尺長的船，他們可以把它浸入聲音舞臺上的水箱中20英尺，他們可以360°旋轉，以真正加強每個鏡頭的危險感，雖然它是一個完全由視覺效果工作室創建的數字版的船。

The premise of Dune relies on putting us into a totally fictitious universe, but every aspect of this movie work so well together that we actually believe that it exists and that were there with Paula treaties.

沙丘》的前提是讓我們進入一個完全虛構的宇宙，但這部電影的每個方面都配合得很好，以至於我們真的相信它的存在，相信我們和寶拉條約在那裡。

Everything about how they filmed, Dune was really designed to be as if they were shooting the real scene in front of the real camera for example.

關於他們如何拍攝的一切，《沙丘》的設計真的就像他們在真實的攝影機前拍攝真實的場景一樣，比如說。

Whereas a normal movie would use blue screens or green screens behind an actor when they're planning to put a virtual world behind them.

而一般的電影在計劃把一個虛擬世界放在演員身後時，會使用藍屏或綠屏。

They didn't want to do that on this film because blue screens and green screens, they kind of bounce blue or green light onto the actors and it sort of makes some artificial looking and the artists have to do a lot of work to undo that artificial.

他們不想在這部影片中這樣做，因為藍屏和綠屏，它們會把藍色或綠色的光線反射到演員身上，這就會使一些人看起來很假，藝術家們必須做大量的工作來消除這種假象。

What they did is they used white or sand colored screens behind the actors in this film.

他們所做的是，在這部影片中，他們在演員背後使用白色或沙色的螢幕。

Now that made the jobs of the composite er whose job it is to put the virtual background behind the actor quite a bit harder.

現在，這使得合成師的工作變得更加困難，因為他們的工作是把虛擬背景放在演員後面。

But as they say no pain, no gain and as a result of being sand colored light bouncing onto the actors instead of green or blue light.

但正如他們所說的，沒有痛苦，就沒有收穫，由於是沙色的光反彈到演員身上，而不是綠色或藍色的光。

Once the composite er was done with their job the shot just looks completely natural as if you shot it right there in the desert.

一旦合成師完成了他們的工作，這個鏡頭看起來完全自然，就像你在沙漠中拍攝一樣。

The dragonfly inspired flying machines that they fly on.

蜻蜓啟發的飛行器，它們在上面飛行。

Iraqis are called Ornithology Tres And the production actually built a bunch of life size full scale Ornithology tres so that the actors would have something to sit in and touch and they would fly those things around on cranes or attach them to motion bases which are these big mechanical hydraulic machines so they can move them around and have the actors actually believe that they're flying around in these things for scenes that required digital ornithology Tres The production still went through the trouble of shooting real helicopters in the shots and then they replaced them with the digital Ornithologist.

伊拉克人被稱為鳥類學Tres，製作方實際上建造了一堆真人大小的全尺寸鳥類學Tres，這樣演員就有東西可以坐在裡面觸摸，他們會用起重機把這些東西飛來飛去，或者把它們固定在運動基座上，也就是這些大的機械液壓機器上，這樣他們就可以移動它們，讓演員真正相信他們在這些東西里飛來飛去，用於需要數字鳥類學Tres的場景，製作方仍然費盡心思在鏡頭中拍攝真正的直升機，然後他們用數字鳥類學取代它們。

Er Now you might say well why do they go through the trouble of shooting a real helicopter?

現在你可能會說，為什麼他們要費盡心思拍攝一架真正的直升機？

Well by doing it that way we make sure that the shot looks plausible because it was something that was actually filmed for real the imperfections in the camera motion and the vehicle motion.

通過這種方式，我們確保這個鏡頭看起來是可信的，因為它是實際拍攝的東西，攝影機運動和車輛運動中的不完美。

They all kind of tell our human brain that it's real.

它們都是在告訴我們的人腦，它是真實的。

The shot really looks plausible because of the fact that the ornithologist motion is based on a real helicopter and the camera is moving in the way that a real camera would move and the imperfections involved and all of that really would be impossible to create by visual effects artist from scratch the giant city of rakhine was actually built as if they were designing a real city in that real environment.

這個鏡頭看起來真的很有道理，因為鳥類學家的動作是基於真實的直升機，攝影機的移動方式是真實的攝影機的移動方式，涉及到的不完美之處，所有這些真的不可能由視覺效果師從頭開始創造，巨大的拉赫因城實際上是像他們在那個真實環境中設計一個真實的城市一樣建造的。

You notice that there's not a lot of windows in there to keep the heat out.

你注意到，那裡沒有很多窗戶來阻擋熱量。

They even went as far as to figure out what the flow of the wind direction given the surrounding geography would be.

他們甚至還計算出鑑於周圍的地理環境，風向的流動會是什麼。

And then placed sand in spots where it would actually naturally accumulate based on that wind.

然後將沙子放置在根據該風向實際會自然積聚的地方。

Neg built the city, they also had to build it with destroying it in mind because the Harkins were going to come and unleash missiles and a giant laser on it and tear it apart.

Neg建造了這座城市，他們也不得不在建造時考慮到摧毀它，因為哈金斯人要來向它釋放飛彈和巨大的脈衝光，把它撕碎。

The scale of the world of Dune was incredible.

沙丘》世界的規模令人難以置信。

And the director of dan even knew he was telling me a story about how when he was working with Jessica Ferguson and she was acting in one of the final scenes in the film where they're facing off against one of these giant sand worms and he kept directing her to look higher and higher and higher and you know, she's a great actress, she did it but it wasn't until when the final movie was on the big screen in front of her that she came to and said, oh now I get why you're asking me to look that much higher.

而丹的導演甚至知道，他告訴我一個故事，當他與傑西卡-弗格森合作時，她在影片的最後一場戲中表演，他們與這些巨大的沙蟲之一對峙，他一直指揮她看得越來越高，你知道，她是一個偉大的演員，她做到了，但直到最後電影在她面前的大屏幕上出現時，她才過來說，哦，現在我明白為什麼你要求我看得那麼高了。

Everything in the world of dune is giant.

So the entire team really had to do what Rebecca was doing on that day.

是以，整個團隊真的必須做麗貝卡在那一天所做的事。

They're imagining in their heads, whether it's the sand worms or the cities or the spaceships, they're having to imagine in their heads how giant all this stuff is when they're filming the actual movie as the sand worms close in on us, the sand kind of begins to liquefy around the actors.

他們在腦海中想象，無論是沙蟲、城市還是飛船，他們不得不在腦海中想象，當他們在拍攝真正的電影時，當沙蟲向我們靠近時，沙子開始在演員周圍液化，這些東西是多麼巨大。

And when I was watching the movie and this scene in particular, I was wondering like how did they do that in the computer?

當我在看電影，尤其是這一幕時，我在想，他們是如何在電腦中做到這一點的？

而事實證明，他們是真正做到了這一點。

The special effects, the physical effects team.

They buried a steel plate underneath the sand and then vibrated it intensely and that created this really cool pattern on the surface and caused the actors to really sink into the sand.

他們在沙子下面埋了一塊鋼板，然後強烈振動，在表面形成了這種非常酷的圖案，使演員真正沉入沙子。

Dune was a film where not only was the directing and acting superb, but all of the craft's visual effects, special effects cinematography, sound music, They all work together and they clicked in a way that really every craft elevated every other craft to create a work of art.

沙丘》是一部不僅導演和演技高超的電影，而且所有工藝的視覺效果、特效攝影、聲音音樂，他們都在一起工作，他們以一種真正的方式點擊，每個工藝都提升了其他工藝，創造了一件藝術作品。

What happens if you don't stay in the pocket?

如果你不呆在口袋裡會怎麼樣？

What does that mean shang chi and the legend of the 10 rings really belongs on this list because of the fantastical worlds that are created really from scratch in the film along with a kitchen sink variety of characters and natural effects that are in the movie, even though the world's themselves were oftentimes fully digitally created, the team opted to shoot real people or real vehicles in a field instead of creating everything from scratch.

什麼意思呢？《尚志》和《十環傳奇》確實屬於這個名單，因為影片中的奇幻世界是真正從頭開始創造的，同時還有各種人物和自然效果的廚房水槽，儘管世界本身往往是完全數字創造的，但團隊選擇在野外拍攝真人或真實車輛，而不是從頭開始創造一切。

And a good example of this is our introduction to the mythical location of Tallow.

而一個很好的例子就是我們對塔洛的神話地點的介紹。

We follow a car through a few bamboo shoots that they had there on stage.

我們跟著一輛車穿過他們在舞臺上的一些竹筍。

But you look at the final film and it's a giant bamboo forest of the lake and mountains, right?

但是你看最後的影片，它是一個巨大的湖光山色的竹林，對嗎？

And the reason they do this is because if we have reality to test ourselves against, that helps us make the end result look as real as it possibly can.

他們這樣做的原因是，如果我們有現實來測試自己，這有助於我們使最終結果看起來儘可能真實。

The martial arts work in the film is beautiful and it is augmented by swirling leaves and dust that helped to make really magical choreography look actually magical.

影片中的國術作品非常漂亮，它被旋轉的樹葉和灰塵所增強，有助於使真正神奇的編排看起來真的很神奇。

One of my personal favorite moments from the film, even though it's really short.

我個人最喜歡的電影片段之一，儘管它真的很短。

So beautiful is when water starts to emanate from a room and hangs in midair and the actors actually get to interact with it in a way that is just beautiful and emotional.

如此美麗的是，當水開始從房間裡散發出來，懸掛在半空中時，演員們實際上是以一種美麗和情感的方式與它互動。

There are a lot of really fun mythical characters including Morris, who's Ben Kingsley's sidekick.

有很多非常有趣的神話人物，包括莫里斯，他是本-金斯利的跟班。

It manages to somehow be extremely cute and funny despite the fact that he doesn't have a face now for animators that are the ones responsible for bringing these characters to life, bringing that level of emotion across without the character having a face is pretty tall feet.

儘管他沒有臉，但它卻能以某種方式變得非常可愛和有趣，現在對於負責將這些角色帶入生活的動畫師來說，在角色沒有臉的情況下將這種程度的情感表現出來是相當高的。

Not all of the visual effects in shanghai were of the fantastical variety.

在上海，並非所有的視覺效果都是幻想式的。

For example, some of the more elegant and long stunt fight scenes involved stunt actors and martial artists doing the fights and then the teams use deepfake technology, artificial intelligence driven technology to take the faces of our hero actors and transpose them on to the martial artists.

例如，一些更優雅、更長的特技打鬥場面涉及特技演員和武術家的打鬥，然後團隊使用deepfake技術，人工智能驅動的技術，把我們的英雄演員的臉，移植到武術家身上。

All of that combines to make shang chi a fast paced visual spectacle that really has the kitchen sinks worth of visual effects techniques in it.

所有這些結合在一起，使Shang Chi成為一個快節奏的視覺奇觀，其中真的有廚房水槽價值的視覺效果技術。

Free Guy, which largely takes place inside of a video game in a fictitious city called Free City makes some really great deliberate choices to blend the line between reality and the digital in a way that the hero character whose name is guy played by Ryan Reynolds, that he doesn't notice everything that's happening around him no matter how insane it is, buildings are exploding, People are running around on fire.

自由人》主要發生在一個視頻遊戲中，在一個名為 "自由城 "的虛構城市中，它做了一些非常棒的刻意選擇，將現實和數字之間的界限融合在一起，主角的名字是由瑞安-雷諾茲扮演的傢伙，他沒有注意到他周圍發生的一切，不管它有多瘋狂，建築物正在爆炸，人們在火上奔跑。

It's just part of his everyday normal experience.

這只是他日常正常經歷的一部分。

And it really creates a unique concept and that uniqueness is something that the academy really responds well to when nominating a film like this towards the climax of the film.

它真的創造了一個獨特的概念，而這種獨特性是學院在提名這樣一部接近高潮的電影時真正反應良好的東西。

Guy faces off against a super muscular adversary named dude.

蓋伊麵對的是一個名叫花花公子的超級肌肉發達的對手。

The joke is that dude is a version of guy.

笑話是，老兄是一個版本的傢伙。

They actually shot a real bodybuilder as a foundation visual effects artist.

他們實際上拍攝了一個真正的健美運動員作為基礎視覺效果藝術家。

Got to work on taking footage of Ryan's face and swapping it onto the body builder to create the seamless illusion that Ryan was fighting a muscular version of himself.

開始工作，將瑞安的臉部鏡頭換到健美運動員身上，以創造瑞安在與自己的肌肉版戰鬥的無縫幻覺。

Free Guy was a great example of a combination of technology and creative choices coming together to make something that we really haven't seen before.

自由人是一個很好的例子，將技術和創意選擇結合在一起，做出了我們以前真的沒有見過的東西。

We don't matter that building that's fake this street, it's fake, that car.

我們不關心那個建築是假的，這條街是假的，那輛車也是假的。

The thing I love about this list of nominees is that every one of these films is on here for a different reason.

我喜歡這份入圍名單的原因是，這些電影中的每一部都是出於不同的原因出現在這裡。

They all made great choices about which techniques and tools to use to tell their specific stories.

他們都對使用哪些技術和工具來講述他們的具體故事做出了偉大的選擇。

 And I really enjoyed watching these films and talking about them and hope you enjoyed learning a little bit more about how they were made. 

我真的很喜歡看這些電影並談論它們，希望你喜歡瞭解更多關於它們是如何製作的。