Name: World War I: The Seminal Tragedy - The July Crisis - Extra History - #3（World War I: The Seminal Tragedy - The July Crisis - Extra History - #3）
Uploaded: 2022-06-26T22:35:59.000Z
Duration: 8 min 39 s

加夫里洛·普林西普(Gavrilo Princip)被押入大牢

但事情還沒到無法挽回的地步。

We open on an Austrian  delegation arriving in Potsdam.

奧地利代表正要抵達波茨坦(Potsdam)。

It is now a week after the  assassination of Franz Ferdinand.

時間是法蘭茲·斐迪南(Franz Ferdinand) 遇刺的一星期後。

who they think are behind the  group of ragged young men

他們認為塞爾維亞人背後支持那群衣衫襤褸的年輕人

但在他們能得到他們想要的戰爭前，

they decide they must consult  with their much stronger ally:

他們決定要先和 比他們強好幾倍的盟友，

所以他們派了一位代表去波茨坦

和凱撒(Kaiser)威廉二世(Wilhelm II)會面。

They've been restrained  before by Germany,

德國曾阻止他們在巴爾幹半島大張旗鼓，

so they need to know  what Germany plans to do.

所以他們必須知道德國的如意算盤。

They go to the Kaiser and  tell him that this is intolerable,

他們去找凱撒，並告訴他，這是不可容忍的，

that they cannot abide  such a humiliation,

that they cannot let this act of  terrorism go unpunished.

他們不能讓此次恐怖攻擊的策劃者逍遙法外。

And the Kaiser says to them,  “We'll back you, whatever you do.

然後凱撒對他們說，「不論你們要做什麼，我們會支持你們的。

Germany is behind you,  without reservation.”

The Kaiser thinks that  general war can be avoided,

凱撒認為全面戰爭是可以避免的，

that if the Austrians strike while all of Europe  is enraged over this assassination,

只要奧地利人趁著全歐洲對這次刺殺義憤填膺之時 反擊，

if they act while the brutal slaughter  of the Archduke and Duchess

只要他們趁著大公夫婦慘死一事仍然在

no one will raise a  finger to defend Serbia.

沒有人會願意插一根手指來保護塞爾維亞。

even if the Russian Empire decided that  they wanted to protect their Serbian allies,

即使俄羅斯帝國(Russian Empire)決定他們要保護塞爾維亞的小兄弟，

if the Austrians can strike quickly  it'll be a fait accompli

只要奧地利迅速攻擊，勝利就會成為「既定事實」─

The war will be over before the  Russians can mobilize their forces.

俄羅斯人還沒動員，戰爭就會結束了。

This is what he thinks as  he tells the Austrian delegation

當他告訴奧地利代表時，這是他所打的如意算盤

that Germany will back  them whatever they do.

「不管他們做什麼，德國會支持他們。」

on a boat for three weeks,  where he can't be reached.

長達三周的渡船之旅，此時沒有人能聯絡上他。

So the Austrians come home,  German assurances in hand,

所以奧地利人帶著德國人的保證回家了，

The Hungarian part of their  empire initially objects to war.

奧匈帝國中的匈牙利(Hungary)一開始反對戰爭

They hoped that a peaceful  solution might be found.

他們希望能有一個和平的解決方案

Where were the other voices of reason  or the other arguments for peace?

其他理性的聲音和 替和平發聲的論辯去哪了呢？

大都已經葬在塞拉耶佛(Sarajevo)的街道上。

The Archduke was perhaps the greatest  defender of the Serbs in the Empire,

大公可能是當時帝國中挺塞爾維亞人一派最顯赫的人。

所以當有人呼籲大家節制一點時，

the parties for war simply  had to point to his death and say,

主戰派只需指向他的遺照，說：

“He was their greatest friend  and look what they did to him!

「他曾是他們最要好的朋友，可是你看他們對他怎麼了？

What do you think  they're gonna do to us?”

你覺得他們會對我們做什麼？」

於是所有的反戰論調都被壓制了。

So, at last, the Hungarians  relented on one condition,

於是，最後，匈牙利人指要求一項條件作為宣戰的前提─

a condition that will be  important later--

that the Austro-Hungarian Empire  would not annex a foot of Serbian land.

奧匈帝國不會吞併塞爾維亞的寸草寸土。

And with that, the Austrians began  drafting an ultimatum to Serbia.

於是，奧地利人開始草擬對塞爾維亞的最後通牒。

But this ultimatum is delayed  by a chance for peace.

但這張最後通牒被一次和平的可能拖延了

兩個男人，在塞爾維亞之心的兩位對手，

in Belgrade, the very capital  in the center of this crisis,

在貝爾格勒(Belgrade)，此次危機的正中央中，

are two of the only men  farsighted enough

唯有這兩個男人有足夠的遠見，

to see the clouds gathering  on the edge of Europe.

看得到從歐洲邊緣逼近的烏雲。

They are the ambassador from Austria  and the ambassador from Russia to Serbia.

他們是奧地利和俄羅斯駐塞爾維亞的大使。

They both have come to the same  conclusion about where this storm will end,

so they plan to put aside  their differences

and meet to perhaps  work out a plan for peace.

互相碰面，找出維護和平的方案。

On the 10th of July, the Russian  ambassador arrives

at the house of the ambassador  from Austria-Hungary.

All that's left is one final meeting  to perhaps smooth out tensions,

只差最後一次會面，以求舒緩緊繃的形勢，

Both sides are open,  things are going well,

雙方大方討論，事情順遂地進展。

The Russian ambassador  falls dead of a heart attack.

俄羅斯大使心臟病突發，猝死。

Rumors circulate that they had the  Russian ambassador assassinated,

謠言說奧地利人刺殺了俄羅斯大使，

that the Austrian ambassador  killed him in his own house.

奧地利大使在他家裡把俄羅斯大使殺了。

Worse still, this leaves the Russians  without an ambassador in Serbia.

更糟的是，現在俄羅斯人在塞爾維亞沒有使節了。

As events begin  to accelerate toward war,

當一切都朝向戰爭加速推進時，

they have no diplomatic channel  at the center of everything.

他們在一切的中心沒有外交管道。

They have nobody with the experience,  connections, or familiarity with Serbia

他們沒有人跟前任大使一樣對塞爾維亞有足夠的經驗、連結或熟悉度

that the former ambassador  had to send out.

And even if they did, it'd take  weeks to get them appointed

即使他們有這樣的人才，仍需要好幾個禮拜才能把他安排上任

But with this last overture  turning to catastrophe,

當最後的序章即將轉入大災難的正曲時，

the Austrians decide it's finally  time to send their ultimatum.

奧地利人決定該是時候交上他們的最後通牒。

You see, President Poincaré  the leader of France,

其實，法國總統普恩加萊(Raymond Poincaré)，法國的領導人，

is going to Russia  to meet with the czar.

And the Austrians, ever nervous,  decide that they can't send the ultimatum

奧地利人見狀，緊張了起來，並決定他們不能在他們的

while their two greatest adversaries  are meeting together in the same place.

兩個頭號敵人在同一地會面的時候送出最後通牒。

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World War I: The Seminal Tragedy - The July Crisis - Extra History - #3（World War I: The Seminal Tragedy - The July Crisis - Extra History - #3）

opportunity

crisis

strike

conquer