Name: 烏克蘭戰爭給全球糧食供應帶來壓力 | DW新聞 (Ukraine war putting pressure on global grain supply | DW News)
Uploaded: 2022-05-20T17:00:45.000Z
Duration: 18 min 13 s

程度副詞

EU Development ministers are meeting today just to discuss how the war in Ukraine is impacting global Food Security, A Ukraine is one of the world's most important suppliers of grain and sunflower oil.

歐盟發展部長今天舉行會議，討論烏克蘭戰爭如何影響全球糧食安全，烏克蘭是世界上最重要的穀物和葵花籽油供應商之一。

Russia's blockade of Black sea ports has halted shipments.

俄羅斯對黑海港口的封鎖已經停止了貨物運輸。

Ukrainian President Zelensky has accused Russia of using food as a weapon with global consequences.

烏克蘭總統澤倫斯基指責俄羅斯將糧食作為一種武器，造成了全球性的後果。

The colors of Ukraine, the country's endless golden wheat fields are reflected in its flag, but Russia's invasion means some of Ukraine's rich farmland now looks like this.

烏克蘭的顏色，該國一望無際的金色麥田反映在其國旗上，但俄羅斯的入侵意味著烏克蘭一些豐富的農田現在看起來像這樣。

Ukraine has accused Russia of deliberately targeting its agriculture sector, tearing up fields, planting landmines and destroying equipment and warehouses.

烏克蘭指責俄羅斯故意針對其農業部門，拆毀田地，埋設地雷，破壞設備和倉庫。

Farmers have been tasked with planting extra crops in a bid to make up for the losses elsewhere, but the threat to food security goes far beyond Ukraine.

農民被要求種植額外的作物，以彌補其他地方的損失，但對糧食安全的威脅遠遠超出烏克蘭。

The country is one of the world's biggest exporters of food products, like wheat, corn and sunflower oil.

該國是世界上最大的糧食產品出口國之一，如小麥、玉米和葵花籽油。

But Russia has blocked Ukraine's key ports, leaving it unable to ship vital food supplies without our agricultural exports, dozens of countries in different parts of the world are already on the brink of food shortages and over time the situation could become, frankly speaking, terrible.

但俄羅斯封鎖了烏克蘭的重要港口，使其無法運送重要的糧食供應，如果沒有我們的農產品出口，世界不同地區的幾十個國家已經處於糧食短缺的邊緣，隨著時間的推移，坦率地說，情況可能變得很糟糕。

Politicians are already discussing the possible consequences of the sharp rise in prices, famine in African countries, Asian countries, Russia has blamed the situation on Western sanctions, but some experts suggest Russia is manipulating grain markets using wheat as a bargaining chip to its own advantage as the world's number one wheat exporter.

政治家們已經在討論價格急劇上漲可能帶來的後果，非洲國家、亞洲國家的饑荒，俄羅斯將這種情況歸咎於西方的制裁，但一些專家認為，俄羅斯正在操縱糧食市場，將小麥作為談判的籌碼，對其作為世界頭號小麥出口國的自身有利。

There are warnings Russia could withhold its own wheat exports for political gain.

有人警告說，俄羅斯可能為了政治利益而扣留自己的小麥出口。

Around 4.5 million tons of grain is stuck in silos at Ukrainian ports.

大約有450萬噸糧食滯留在烏克蘭港口的筒倉中。

It's particularly disastrous for countries already suffering from food shortages.

這對已經遭受糧食短缺的國家來說尤其是災難性的。

Yemen, for example, gets more than half of its wheat from Ukraine and Russia.

例如，葉門有一半以上的小麥來自烏克蘭和俄羅斯。

This uh world, the Ukraine world has is overlapping.

這個呃世界，烏克蘭的世界有是重疊的。

The impact is overlapping with a crisis that has already been unfolding in several countries.

這種影響與已經在幾個國家展開的危機重疊在一起。

The EU is now racing to work out alternative routes across land to secure supply chains.

歐盟現在正爭分奪秒地研究出穿越陸地的替代路線，以確保供應鏈的安全。

Is leading negotiations to get shipping routes reopened and get vital food supplies to where they are desperately needed and for more, I'm joined now by DWS brussels Bureau chief Alexandra von Namen, Good morning Alex Alexandra.

他正在上司談判，以重新開放航運路線，並將重要的食品供應送到急需的地方。更多資訊，我現在請來了丹麥婦女協會布魯塞爾辦事處主任亞歷山德拉-馮-納門，早上好，亞歷山德拉。

The main focus of today's summit is the threat to food security.

今天峰會的主要焦點是對糧食安全的威脅。

How great is the concern in brussels right now?

I think we have to say that the european union is very concerned, not so much about its own dependence on Ukrainian weed or sunflower oil, it's more about what could be happening soon in the neighboring countries or in the most vulnerable countries in parts of africa or in the Middle East.

我認為我們必須說，歐洲聯盟非常擔心，與其說是擔心自己對烏克蘭雜草或葵花籽油的依賴，不如說是擔心鄰國或非洲部分地區或中東地區最脆弱的國家很快會發生什麼。

So there is a major concern that we could see mass hunger and famine if this crisis is not going to be solved.

是以，有一個重大關切是，如果這場危機得不到解決，我們可能看到大規模的飢餓和饑荒。

And we just have to remember as we saw in the report that Ukraine is one of the biggest exports of food.

而且我們必須記住，正如我們在報告中看到的那樣，烏克蘭是最大的糧食出口國之一。

The World Food Program for instance, that is feeding more than 120 million people buys 50% of its weed from Ukraine.

例如，為超過1.2億人提供食物的世界糧食計劃署，其50%的雜草是從烏克蘭購買的。

So the dimension is huge and Russia stands not only accused of blocking Ukrainian ports but also and we saw in the report of deliberately targeting Ukrainian food sector, the Eu foreign Policy chief Josep Borrell is chairing the meeting.

是以，這個層面是巨大的，俄羅斯不僅被指控封鎖烏克蘭港口，而且我們在報告中看到故意針對烏克蘭食品部門，歐洲外交政策負責人Josep Borrell正在主持會議。

What proposals is he likely to put forward to tackle an issue of just such magnitude?

他可能會提出什麼建議來解決這樣一個巨大的問題？

Well, the Ukrainian commission has already proposed to help Ukraine transport.

那麼，烏克蘭委員會已經提議幫助烏克蘭運輸。

It's wheat and other grains on roads by road, by river and by rail and they are looking for alternative routes.

這是小麥和其他穀物通過公路、河流和鐵路的道路，他們正在尋找替代路線。

但這項任務是巨大的，非常複雜。

We have to keep in mind for instance, that there is a difference of gauge of tracks.

例如，我們必須牢記，軌道的軌距是有區別的。

If we are speaking about railway ways of transporting weed so the weeds would need to be reloaded and border crossings between Ukraine and for instance, Poland the neighboring countries.

如果我們說的是鐵路運輸雜草的方式，那麼雜草將需要重新裝載，並在烏克蘭和例如波蘭等鄰國之間的邊界過境。

So the solution still needs to be found to be honest, how to deal with this huge crisis looming.

是以，說實話，仍然需要找到解決方案，如何處理這個迫在眉睫的巨大危機。

The EU foreign ministers are also meeting today in Turin, can you give us an idea of what we will be on the agenda there?

歐盟外長今天也在都靈開會，你能給我們介紹一下我們在那裡的議程上會有什麼？

They will be meeting in a much broader format.

We're talking here about the council of europe and its members are not only members of the european union, but also countries outside the bloc like Turkey for an instance.

我們在這裡談論的是歐洲委員會，其成員不僅是歐洲聯盟的成員，還有集團外的國家，例如土耳其。

So, Ukraine is of course front and center of the agenda.

是以，烏克蘭當然是議程的前線和中心。

But I think this meeting is more about exchanging views and proposals on how to help Ukraine.

但我認為這次會議更多的是就如何幫助烏克蘭交換意見和建議。

Dws Alexandra phenomenon brussels, thank you MS Urpilainen, you're attending a G seven Development Ministers meeting here in Berlin.

Dws Alexandra phenomenon brussels，謝謝你，MS Urpilainen，你正在柏林參加七國集團的發展部長會議。

你從中得到的主要啟示是什麼？

We had very constructive, a good meeting and several very timely topics we discussed on uh I would say that the main message is that even though the Ukrainian war or war in Ukraine is taking place in europe, the crisis is global and that's why we cannot turn our back to the rest of the world because we see that the consequences of the war are very, very serious.

我們舉行了非常有建設性的、良好的會議，我們討論了幾個非常及時的話題，呃，我想說的主要資訊是，儘管烏克蘭戰爭或烏克蘭境內的戰爭發生在歐洲，但危機是全球性的，這就是為什麼我們不能背對著世界其他地方，因為我們看到戰爭的後果非常、非常嚴重。

For instance, in the Global South, are we turning the back on the Global South now?

例如，在全球南部，我們現在是否背棄了全球南部？

And that's very important to tell also to our partners in the Global South um taking into account for instance, food security and food crisis, which is a huge challenge for instance, in the Horn of Africa or in the southern part of the Sahel in Africa, We are giving as the European Union and as a team Europe.

這也是非常重要的，要告訴我們在全球南方的合作伙伴，嗯，考慮到例如糧食安全和糧食危機，這是一個巨大的挑戰，例如在非洲之角或非洲薩赫勒地區的南部，我們作為歐洲聯盟和歐洲團隊，正在提供。

So commission and the member states or €1 billion, mainly humanitarian assistance to those regions so that they can really buy more food and they are able to feed their citizens.

是以，委員會和成員國或10億歐元，主要是對這些地區的人道主義援助，以便他們能夠真正購買更多的食物，他們能夠養活他們的公民。

Um but that's not the only action we are taking, we are also investing in the food production capacities in Africa because Africa imports 80% of the food it uses.

嗯，但這不是我們正在採取的唯一行動，我們也在投資非洲的糧食生產能力，因為非洲使用的糧食有80%是進口的。

So Africa for instance, as a continent is very dependent on the import.

是以，比如說非洲，作為一個大陸，非常依賴進口。

And that's why we also want to strengthen the capacity of production capacity in Africa.

而這就是為什麼我們也想加強非洲的生產能力。

And uh, and I'm personally front loading some of our EU Developing cooperation financing so that we can support food, sustainable food systems in our partner countries.

而且，我個人正在為我們的歐盟發展合作融資做前期準備，以便我們能夠支持我們的夥伴國家的食品、可持續食品系統。

You just mentioned the dependence of several African countries when it comes to imports, it is believed that nearly 25 million tons of grains are in Ukraine.

你剛才提到幾個非洲國家在進口方面的依賴性，據說有近2500萬噸的穀物在烏克蘭。

What are you trying to do to get this food out to the international markets?

你想做什麼來把這種食品推向國際市場？

Well, of course, we also try to work with with Ukraine so that we could still export the food which is still existing in Ukraine.

當然，我們也試圖與烏克蘭合作，以便我們仍然可以出口在烏克蘭仍然存在的食品。

So this is the first target we are we are working on then.

是以，這是我們的第一個目標，我們當時正在努力。

The second one is that we are working with the humanitarian organizations in order to provide humanitarian assistance, especially to the Horn of Africa, but also to to the Sahel at the southern part of Solon, also Lake Jack region.

第二個是，我們正在與人道主義組織合作，以提供人道主義援助，特別是向非洲之角，但也向索倫南部的薩赫勒地區，以及傑克湖地區提供人道主義援助。

And then like I said, it's always of course important too.

然後就像我說的，這當然也總是很重要的。

Two act rapidly and look at the current crisis, but I think it's also at the same time important too, to have this kind of a mid term perspective.

兩個人迅速採取行動，看看當前的危機，但我認為同時也很重要，要有這種中期的觀點。

How would you define the relationship between the european union and Africa, Is it a relationship on an eyesight on a level or is it still europe telling africa how they should produce things, how they should import, how they should export.

你如何定義歐盟和非洲之間的關係，它是一種水準上的視覺關係，還是仍然是歐洲告訴非洲他們應該如何生產東西，他們應該如何進口，他們應該如何出口。

I would define our partnership as equal and mutual partnerships.

我將我們的夥伴關係定義為平等和相互的夥伴關係。

So we definitely, mainly we share the same values most of the African citizens.

是以，我們肯定，主要是我們與大多數非洲公民的價值觀相同。

They try for democracy, rule of law and also respect of human rights, but at the same time Africa also shared the same challenges as as we are facing in terms of climate change but also digitalization.

他們努力爭取民主、法治和尊重人權，但同時，非洲也面臨著與我們一樣的挑戰，即氣候變化和數字化。

And that's why we, the european union adopted a new global gateway strategy in in december where we wanted to really support green and digital transitions globally.

這就是為什麼我們，歐盟在12月通過了一個新的全球網關戰略，我們想真正支持全球的綠色和數字轉型。

But our main focus is of course in Africa you said that the relationship is equal and mutual.

但我們的主要重點當然是在非洲，你說的關係是平等和相互的。

Do you think that your African counterparts seed like that as well?

你認為你的非洲同行也是這樣的種子嗎？

There has been criticism that usually when the EU is helping, it's also a lot of value based, not with for example, chinese are also increasing their influence in Africa.

有人責備說，通常歐盟在提供幫助時，也是以價值為基礎的，而不是以例如中國人也在增加他們在非洲的影響力。

Do you think that there should be some way approach or some mistakes that were made by european union institutions regarding Africa, I think it's quite clear that everything the european union is doing is based on the values we represent because for me the european union is the community of values.

你是否認為歐盟機構在非洲問題上應該有一些方法或一些錯誤，我認為很清楚，歐盟所做的一切都基於我們所代表的價值觀，因為對我來說，歐盟是價值觀的共同體。

So that's why for instance is global gateway strategy and all those investments we are trying to accelerate through the global gateway strategy are very much linked to the values, how I see the strategy, it's a positive offer to our partner countries in the Global South not only africa globally really to to accelerate investments in energy but also to agriculture, transport, digital and also soft infrastructure like health and education.

是以，這就是為什麼全球門戶戰略和我們試圖通過全球門戶戰略加速的所有這些投資都與價值觀有很大關係，我怎麼看這個戰略，它是對我們在全球南部的夥伴國家的一個積極提議，不僅是全球的非洲，實際上是為了加速對能源的投資，也是對農業、運輸、數字和軟基礎設施如健康和教育的投資。

So we are you know um combining those investments to high quality standards in terms of environment and and also social standards and and also to our values.

是以，我們將這些投資與環境和社會標準方面的高質量標準相結合，也與我們的價值觀相結合。

So I think I think this global gateway strategy at least the feedback I have received from the Global South East, the strategy is very much appreciated.

是以，我認為我認為這個全球門戶戰略，至少我從全球東南地區收到的反饋，這個戰略是非常值得讚賞的。

You spoke about values and as many western countries are trying to decrease the dependence to Russian all heading to other countries with dire human rights records like Venezuela like Iran like Saudi Arabia or Qatar.

你談到了價值觀，由於許多西方國家正試圖減少對俄羅斯的依賴，所有的人都去了其他人權記錄糟糕的國家，如委內瑞拉、伊朗、沙特阿拉伯或卡達。

Are you concerned about this development?

Well I think it's it's very understandable that because of the war in Ukraine we really want to decrease our dependence on the Russian energy and fossil fuels.

我認為這是非常可以理解的，因為烏克蘭的戰爭，我們真的想減少我們對俄羅斯能源和化石燃料的依賴。

Um I think it's necessary really to create new new partnerships also in terms of energy.

嗯，我認為在能源方面也有必要建立新的新的夥伴關係。

Um how I see the partnership is that if you have a real partnership equal partnership then you can also raise uh difficult topics to your discussions and and tables.

嗯，我怎麼看夥伴關係是，如果你有一個真正的夥伴關係平等的夥伴關係，那麼你也可以提出呃困難的話題到你的討論和和表。

So of course I personally hope that even though we are creating new contracts in terms of energy with different partners globally, we can also you know, despite that we can also raise those value value based topics to those in those discussions with them as well.

是以，我個人當然希望，即使我們正在與全球不同的合作伙伴在能源方面創建新的合同，我們也可以你知道，儘管我們也可以在與他們的討論中向他們提出那些基於價值的話題。

Do you think that should happen after the partnership?

你認為這應該發生在夥伴關係之後嗎？

So first the business, the economy to see when it comes to energy and then raise those topics or making a condition to go into a partnership?

是以，首先要看企業，看經濟，當它涉及到能源，然後提出這些話題，或提出一個條件，進入一個夥伴關係？

I think at least from my own experience, I think you can do it parallel so you can you can have your own interest, you can also you know prom promote your own strategic interest.

我認為至少從我自己的經驗來看，我認為你可以做到平行，所以你可以你可以有自己的利益，你也可以你知道促進自己的戰略利益。

And this is of course part of the global gateway.

而這當然是全球門戶的一部分。

We see that also as a as a strategic interest of the european union and the europe, but on the same time, you can also discuss on values and and where and what are the values the partnership is based on.

我們認為這也是歐洲聯盟和歐洲的戰略利益，但與此同時，你也可以討論價值觀，以及夥伴關係的基礎是什麼。

So I think you can do both german development Minister, Svenja Schulze accused Russia of using in hunger is a weapon.

是以，我認為你可以同時做德國發展部長斯文雅-舒爾茨指責俄羅斯在飢餓中使用的是一種武器。

Unfortunately, one can really have this kind of interpretation because as we've already discussed a little bit earlier, we see that there is a lot of food in the storage is in Ukraine and Ukraine is not able to export that.

不幸的是，人們真的可以有這樣的解釋，因為正如我們先前已經討論過的那樣，我們看到烏克蘭有大量的糧食儲存，而烏克蘭無法出口這些糧食。

And at the same time people are starving for instance in africa, but also in the Middle East in some countries because they are so dependent on on on the food uh import.

同時，人們正在捱餓，例如在非洲，還有中東的一些國家，因為他們非常依賴進口的食物。

So I think my main message and and and also thinking is that we should try to end that war in Ukraine as soon as possible.

是以，我認為我的主要資訊和和想法是，我們應該努力盡快結束烏克蘭的這場戰爭。

I think I think that's that's the benefit of people in Ukraine of course, because they are the ones who are suffering the most.

我認為我認為那是那是烏克蘭人民的利益，當然，因為他們是受苦最深的人。

But that's also the benefit of the Global citizens in the Global South.

但這也是全球南方的全球公民的好處。

Because we see that every day of this war is causing more and more suffer also in the Global South.

因為我們看到，這場戰爭的每一天都在全球南方造成越來越多的痛苦。

I'd like to ask you about G20 because Russia is not part of the G7, but is part of the wider group of the G-20.

我想問你關於20國集團的問題，因為俄羅斯不是7國集團的一部分，但卻是20國集團這一更大集團的一部分。

Do you think that that is a mistake, as many countries that are part of the G-20 are asking for Russia to be excluded?

你認為這是一個錯誤，因為許多屬於20國集團的國家都要求將俄羅斯排除在外？

Well, historically Russia has been part of the G20 and Russia has been part of the different international organization as well.

嗯，歷史上俄羅斯一直是20國集團的一部分，俄羅斯也一直是不同國際組織的一部分。

My uh my understanding is that Russia is probably going to participate in the G-20 meeting.

我呃我的理解是，俄羅斯可能會參加20國集團會議。

We'll see that in the autumn, Uh what kind of consequences it might cause.

我們將在秋天看到這一點，呃，它可能造成什麼樣的後果。

I think it's still something uh different 20 members are discussing on.

我認為這仍然是呃不同的20名成員正在討論的問題。

But my personal wishes that hopefully we could end this war Sooner than later.

但我個人希望，希望我們能儘早結束這場戰爭。

So that then we could also be in the new new situation, but also relating to my own portfolio.

這樣的話，我們也可以在新的新形勢下，但也與我自己的投資組合有關。

We plan to have achieved 20 development ministers meeting in in the Indonesia in September and as far as I'm informed also, Russia is going to participate in it.

我們計劃於9月在印度尼西亞舉行20個發展部長會議，據我所知，俄羅斯也將參加會議。