Name: ロボット工匠が解説、未來を測したロボット映畫の矛盾點|The Breakdown|WIRED.jp (ロボット工学者が解説、未来を予測したロボット映画の矛盾点 | The Breakdown | WIRED.jp)
Uploaded: 2022-05-18T01:20:40.000Z
Duration: 18 min 40 s

Chris is a professor at the robotics institute at Carnegie Mellon University.

克里斯是卡內基梅隆大學機器人研究所的教授。

I'll be breaking down clips from movie and tv about artificial intelligence and robotics out of control robots.

我將從電影和電視中分解出有關人工智能和機器人失控的片段。

You said they've all been programmed with the three laws.

你說他們都被編入了三大法則。

Isaac Asimov was one of the earliest science fiction writers who focused on robots and he came up with this scheme of the three laws.

艾薩克-阿西莫夫是最早關注機器人的科幻作家之一，他提出了這個三定律的方案。

Your perfect circle of protection robots don't hurt humans but doesn't the second law state that a robot has to obey any order given by a human being, except if it causes a violation of the first law, right?

你的完美保護圈機器人不會傷害人類，但第二定律不是說機器人必須服從人類發出的任何命令，除非它導致違反第一定律，對嗎？

But the third law states that a robot can defend itself unless it causes a violation of the second law.

但第三條定律指出，機器人可以自衛，除非它造成對第二條定律的違反。

And the first law, we have 1000 robots that will not try to protect themselves if it violates a direct order from a human.

而第一條定律，我們有1000個機器人，如果它違反了人類的直接命令，就不會試圖保護自己。

And I'm betting one who will got you get the hell out of here.

而且我敢打賭，有一個人會讓你離開這裡。

You saw a robot that somehow it's three laws were disabled and that left it with an existential crisis, what am I?

你看到一個機器人，不知為何它的三大法則被禁用，這讓它有了生存危機，我是什麼？

Which is sort of similar to what am I supposed to do next?

這有點類似於我接下來應該做什麼？

If I don't have any guiding purpose and if it was a case that robots ran on what we call expert systems or sets of laws that might actually be a reasonable way to program robots.

如果我沒有任何指導性的目的，如果是機器人在我們所謂的專家系統或法律集上運行的情況，這實際上可能是一個合理的機器人編程方式。

You know what they say, laws are made to be broken.

你知道他們說什麼，法律是用來被打破的。

But nowadays we're actually programming robots in a very different way by giving them lots of training examples and having them essentially learn parameters in formulas so that they do the right thing.

但如今我們實際上是以一種非常不同的方式對機器人進行編程，給它們大量的訓練實例，讓它們基本上學習公式中的參數，以便它們做正確的事情。

So we have this mismatch between logical rules and numbers in a formula.

是以，我們有這種邏輯規則和公式中的數字之間的不匹配。

So in robot movie after robot movie, they're obsessed with the robots actively turning against the humans and started killing humans.

是以，在一部又一部的機器人電影中，他們痴迷於機器人主動與人類反目，開始殺害人類。

And I get that the goddamn robots john far more likely is the robot will screw up, it will make a mistake and that mistake will have bad consequences.

我明白，該死的機器人嫖客更有可能的是機器人會搞砸，會犯錯，而這個錯誤會帶來壞的後果。

Should I really shoot the crazy robot that's coming to attack me?

我真的應該射殺那個要來攻擊我的瘋狂機器人嗎？

It is a potentially a pretty good way to stop a robot.

這有可能是阻止機器人的一個相當好的方法。

Now there might be parts of its chassis that you shoot a bullet through.

現在它的底盤可能有一些部分被你的子彈射穿。

It doesn't do anything, it doesn't cut any wires.

它不做任何事情，也不切斷任何電線。

So you might have to shoot it a bunch of times.

There are other ways to disable a robot that might not damage it in the same way.

還有其他禁用機器人的方法，可能不會以同樣的方式損害它。

For example, there's something called an electromagnetic pulse which will fry all its circuits but leave the mechanics intact.

例如，有一種叫做電磁脈衝的東西會燒燬它的所有電路，但使機械裝置保持完好。

Blade Runner is a fantastic movie, has this incredible vision of the future, which by the way, we've already caught up with learning from imitation terminator.

銀翼殺手》是一部神奇的電影，對未來有這種令人難以置信的設想，順便說一下，我們已經趕上了從模仿終結者那裡學習。

Hey buddy got a dead cat in there or what you were going to program robots to have conversations and dialogue and in many, many situations you can anticipate what happens next.

嘿，夥計，那裡有一隻死貓，或者你打算給機器人編程，讓它們進行對話，在很多很多情況下，你可以預見到接下來會發生什麼。

But sooner or later the robot's going to face the situation this new, it doesn't know what to say.

但機器人遲早要面對這種新的情況，它不知道該說什麼。

You know, the robot's going to have to wing it in.

你知道，機器人將不得不插上翅膀。

This clip was the way to go a screen came up and english words were there and it sort of moved a cursor down and picked one that's only there for the audience of the movie.

這個片段是這樣的，一個螢幕出現了，英語單詞在那裡，它有點像把遊標往下移，挑了一個只為電影觀眾存在的單詞。

You know, it's all electronics, little transistors going blip, blip, blip and it's gonna make the decision decided our fate in a microsecond programming the new Westworld.

你知道，這都是電子器件，小半導體在閃爍，閃爍，閃爍，它將在一微秒內做出決定，決定我們的命運，為新的西部世界編程。

Occasionally in Westworld you see a black box looks like a fancy keyboard in which they're sort of programming various sub behaviors.

在《西部世界》中，你偶爾會看到一個黑色的盒子，看起來像一個花哨的鍵盤，他們在其中對各種子行為進行編程。

There's been this controversy of, do you build up behaviors from twitch here and a twitch there or do you have a few fundamental behaviors and then you combine them.

一直有這樣的爭議，你是在這裡和那裡建立起抽動的行為，還是有一些基本的行為，然後把它們結合起來。

You must have I slipped it in there without telling anyone.

你一定是我在沒有告訴任何人的情況下把它塞到了那裡。

It turns out you can learn a lot faster if you combine these fundamental behaviors rather than adding up a lot of twitches, he calls them reveries.

事實證明，如果你把這些基本行為結合起來，而不是把大量的抽動加起來，你可以學得更快，他稱之為遐想。

The old gestures were just generic movements.

These are tied to specific memories and this is a spoiler things in Westworld go bad because they couldn't completely wipe the memory of a robot.

這些都是與特定的記憶相聯繫的，這是一個破壞者，《西部世界》中的事情變壞了，因為他們無法完全抹去機器人的記憶。

The memories are purged at the end of every narrative.

記憶在每次敘述結束時都會被清除。

They're still in there waiting to be overwritten.

他找到了一個訪問它們的方法。

It turns out in complex machines so you've got lots of different kinds of memory in lots of different kinds of places.

事實證明，在複雜的機器中，所以你有很多不同種類的內存在很多不同種類的地方。

For example the CPU is gonna have a little bit of memory in it.

It will also have something called cache memory.

它還會有一個叫做緩存的東西。

We have what's called a memory hierarchy.

我們有一個所謂的記憶層次結構。

There's fast memory and then there's slower memory like a subconscious a hooker with hidden depths.

有快速的記憶，然後有較慢的記憶，就像一個潛意識一個有隱藏深度的妓女。

If you totally fried the machine, all you'd end up with is a broken robot.

如果你完全燒燬了機器，你最終得到的只是一個壞掉的機器人。

It's the tiny things that make them seem real, robotics.

正是這些微小的東西使它們看起來很真實，機器人。

You look at that scene you say why is chemistry happening in robotics lab?

你看那個場景，你會說為什麼化學會發生在機器人實驗室？

The future of robotics is where we make materials using chemistry to make soft materials.

機器人技術的未來是我們利用化學制造材料，使之成為軟性材料。

So that's actually it looks very similar to what goes on.

是以，這實際上是它看起來與所發生的事情非常相似。

And some of my colleagues labs at Carnegie Mellon.

還有我在卡內基梅隆大學的一些同事實驗室。

I thought showing you these tapes might help to make you more familiar with the drawing.

我想給你看這些錄音帶可能有助於讓你更熟悉這幅畫。

We video record all our experiments and in fact often you know when we press an on button to say do something that simultaneously turns the cameras on programming the android takes him just so far.

我們對所有的實驗進行錄像，事實上，你經常知道，當我們按下一個開機按鈕，說做一些事情，同時打開攝影機的程序，安卓機帶他到目前為止。

Watching video feedback is very helpful to debug behavior.

觀看視頻反饋對調試行為非常有幫助。

We had some difficulty with those gross motor functions before we modified his cerebral muscular coordination.

在我們修改他的腦部肌肉協調能力之前，我們在這些大運動功能方面有一些困難。

好的，所以你剛剛看到了一些胡言亂語。

He's mixing things we'd say about a human who had a disease.

他把我們對一個有病的人說的話混在一起。

We modified his cerebral muscular coordination and a robot that doesn't know how to walk gross motor functions.

我們修改了他的腦部肌肉協調和一個不知道如何行走的機器人的大運動功能。

Oh, my robots actually fell down much more than their robot did robot malfunction.

哦，我的機器人實際上比他們的機器人做的機器人故障摔得多。

Can you design an input to a robot that will cause it to malfunction or crash?

你能為機器人設計一個會導致其發生故障或崩潰的輸入嗎？

只有奧斯汀-鮑爾斯能做到這一點。

Minority Report One area of research and robotics is what we call multi agent robotics.

少數派報告 研究和機器人學的一個領域是我們所說的多代理機器人學。

Which is to get a bunch of robots to work together.

這就是讓一群機器人一起工作。

We model that on humans working together like a sports team or when we're searching for somebody lost in the woods.

我們以人類像運動隊一樣一起工作，或者當我們在樹林中尋找迷路的人時，作為模型。

Small robots in this clip, it would seem very smart and complicated.

這個片段中的小機器人，會顯得非常聰明和複雜。

The dream in robotics is can we make a lot of stupid cheap robots that by working together?

機器人領域的夢想是，我們能否通過合作製造出大量愚蠢的廉價機器人？

What we saw in this clip is they were using some kind of imaging radar to figure out where people are likely to be tom cruise hidden in the bathtub that water shields him from radar as you saw.

我們在這個片段中看到的是，他們正在使用某種成像雷達來計算人們可能在哪裡，湯姆-克魯斯藏在浴缸裡，正如你所看到的，水將他從雷達中屏蔽。

But it also tries to hide his thermal signature.

So he's hotter than everything else around him And any kind of infrared imaging would have found him.

所以他比周圍的一切都要熱，任何一種紅外成像都會發現他。

字幕列表影片播放

ロボット工匠が解説、未來を測したロボット映畫の矛盾點|The Breakdown|WIRED.jp (ロボット工学者が解説、未来を予測したロボット映画の矛盾点 | The Breakdown | WIRED.jp)

stuff

sort

essentially

bunch