Name: 戈登-帕克斯看到了什麼 (What Gordon Parks Saw)
Uploaded: 2022-05-18T00:35:17.000Z
Duration: 7 min 12 s

I felt the need for me to somehow another use humanity to get people to become aware of how people suffered.

我覺得我有必要以某種方式再利用人性，讓人們意識到人們是如何受苦的。

That was what drove me into it to expose something to the public that I felt was being hidden.

這就是驅使我進入這個領域的原因，向公眾揭露我覺得被隱藏的東西。

It's kind of insane all the things Gordon Parks did in his life.

戈登-帕克斯一生中做的所有事情都有點瘋狂。

He was a poet, a novelist, a jazz pianist, a classical composer.

他是一位詩人，一位小說家，一位爵士樂鋼琴家，一位古典作曲家。

He co founded essence magazine and served as its editorial director for its first three years.

他與他人共同創辦了《精華》雜誌，並在頭三年擔任該雜誌的編輯部主任。

In 1969 he became the first black director of a major Hollywood movie called The Learning Tree, which was based on a semi autobiographical book that he wrote and for which he adapted the screenplay and composed the score.

1969年，他成為好萊塢大型電影《學習之樹》的第一位黑人導演，這部電影是根據他寫的一本半自傳體書改編的，他為這部電影改編了劇本並譜寫了曲子。

He also directed shaft, a huge commercial hit that helped to spawn the blaxploitation genre and helped to save MGM and the larger studio system from bankruptcy.

他還執導了《軸》（ shaft），這是一部巨大的商業作品，幫助催生了blaxploitation流派，並幫助挽救了米高梅和更大的工作室系統的破產。

But it leaves out Parks his greatest contribution to american art in the 20th century.

但它忽略了帕克斯在20世紀對美國藝術的最大貢獻。

One day I saw a newsreel of the bombing of the american gunship called right after that the intercom boomed here is norman alley.

有一天，我看到了美國炮艇被炸的新聞片，緊接著，對講機響起，這裡是諾曼衚衕。

And when I got to Seattle Washington, I had about $12.50 and I went right into a pawn shop and bought myself a camera at 25.

當我到達華盛頓州西雅圖時，我有大約12.5美元，我直接進入一家當鋪，在25歲時給自己買了一臺相機。

Parks picked up of white lander, brilliant his first camera and taught himself how to take photos with it.

帕克斯拿起白色的著陸器，亮出他的第一臺相機，並教自己如何用它拍照。

Three years later he was an official photographer for the town and country department store in ST paul Minnesota.

三年後，他成為明尼蘇達州聖保羅市城鄉百貨公司的官方攝影師。

He worked for local newspapers and began to document life on the south side of Chicago, for which he won the Rosenwald Fellowship.

他為當地報紙工作，並開始記錄芝加哥南區的生活，為此他獲得了羅森沃爾德獎學金。

All that attention landed him a job at the Farm Security Administration, a New deal government project that involved documenting poor rural workers to generate political support for government aid.

所有這些關注使他在農場安全管理局獲得了一份工作，這是一個新政的政府項目，涉及記錄貧窮的農村工人，以便為政府援助爭取政治支持。

Parks took what would become his most famous picture.

帕克斯拍攝了後來成為他最著名的照片。

Told me her name was Ella Watson and I asked her if I could photograph her.

她告訴我她的名字叫埃拉-沃森，我問她我是否可以為她拍照。

I had really thought of Grant Woods picture of the american Gothic.

我真的想到了格蘭特-伍茲的美國哥特式圖片。

I put a broom in one hand and a mop on the other and told her look directly into the camera.

我一手拿著掃帚，一手拿著拖把，告訴她直接看著鏡頭。

American Gothic shows that Parks knew the power of iconography, how juxtapositions and comparisons can make a statement that sticks in the mind.

美國哥特式》顯示，帕克斯知道圖標的力量，知道並列和比較如何能使一個聲明在腦海中留下痕跡。

In fact, the head of the FSA Roy stryker felt that the statement of american Gothic may have been too strong.

事實上，FSA的負責人羅伊-斯泰克（Roy stryker）認為，美國哥特式的說法可能過於強烈。

He said, well you're getting the idea, but you're going to get us all fired.

他說，好吧，你已經明白了，但你會讓我們都被解僱。

And that picture is an indictment against America.

Parks learned that the camera could be a powerful tool.

帕克斯瞭解到，相機可以成為一個強大的工具。

It forced people to see the cruelties in their own society, which is important when so often what allows those cruelties to persist is people's determination not to see them.

它迫使人們看到他們自己社會中的殘酷現象，這一點很重要，因為讓這些殘酷現象持續存在的往往是人們不願意看到它們的決心。

The bluntness of american Gothic is the reason for its power, but in his autobiography Parks called the photo Unsubtle as he became a more experienced photographer, he learned how to capture a more nuanced vision of the America he saw without losing any of american Gothic six moral force.

美國哥特式的直率是其力量的原因，但在他的自傳中，帕克斯稱這張照片是不含蓄的，因為他成為一個更有經驗的攝影師，他學會了如何在不失去美國哥特式的六種道德力量的情況下捕捉他所看到的美國的更細緻的視野。

In 1948 Park shot the photo essay that landed him a position at Life magazine as their first ever black staff photographer.

1948年，帕克拍攝了一篇攝影文章，使他在《生活》雜誌獲得了一個職位，成為該雜誌有史以來第一位黑人員工攝影師。

The essay followed Red Jackson, a 17 year old leader of a Harlem gang called the midtown Urz.

這篇文章跟隨雷德-傑克遜，他是哈林區一個名為中城烏爾茲的幫派的17歲的領導人。

The lead photo features red hiding out in an abandoned building, trapped there by a rival gang on the street below.

這張照片的主角是躲在一棟廢棄大樓裡的紅色，被下面街道上的一個敵對幫派困在那裡。

It's a stark image highly dramatic in its chiaroscuro lighting Red is shrouded in darkness, peering through a window of shattered glass.

這是一個鮮明的影像，在其明暗對比的燈光下，紅色被籠罩在黑暗中，透過破碎的玻璃窗向外看，非常戲劇化。

You can feel his isolation behind him is shadow in front of him the world, but the light is no safer for red than the darkness in both directions.

你能感覺到他身後的孤立是影子在他面前的世界，但光明對紅色來說並不比兩個方向的黑暗更安全。

A few photos Later, we learned that red was coming from the funeral of a buddy, a 15 year old named Maurice who the police found on a Harlem sidewalk and decided Had died accidentally.

幾張照片之後，我們瞭解到紅色是來自一個夥伴的葬禮，一個名叫莫里斯的15歲少年，警察在哈林區的人行道上發現他，並認定他是意外死亡。

當紅和他的朋友們離開禮拜堂時。

They get ambushed and forced into that abandoned building.

他們遭到伏擊，被迫進入那座廢棄的建築。

But the following night, the two gangs brawl, Harlem gang leader shows the stressful and exhausting reality for Harlem youth in the late 40s.

但第二天晚上，兩個幫派發生爭吵，哈林區的幫派頭目展示了40年代末哈林區青年的壓力和疲憊的現實。

But Parks isn't documenting that world like some kind of anthropologist, his portrait of Harlem is an intimate one earned by spending time with Red in his community, you get the full effect of this intimacy.

但帕克斯並不像某種人類學家那樣記錄那個世界，他對哈林區的描述是一種親密的描述，通過與瑞德在他的社區中相處，你可以得到這種親密關係的全部效果。

When you look at the photos that life chose not to include in the essay.

當你看了生活中選擇不包括在文章中的照片。

These are kids trying to be kids, but forced to navigate circumstances they can't control and don't deserve.

這些孩子試圖成為孩子，但被迫在他們無法控制和不值得的情況下航行。

I pointed my camera people mostly who needed someone to say something for them who couldn't speak for themselves.

我把我的相機對準那些需要有人為他們說話的人，他們不能為自己說話。

In 1956, parks went to Alabama to document segregation in the south.

1956年，公園去阿拉巴馬州記錄南方的種族隔離情況。

The pictures he captured there are some of his most iconic and most moving lovecraft country on HBO paid homage to a few in its season premiere and that speaks to their enduring power.

他在那裡拍攝的照片是他最有代表性和最感人的愛國主義國家，HBO在本季首映中向一些照片致敬，這也說明了它們的持久力量。

A more mature photographer at this point, Parks is able to record the monstrousness of racism in quotidian reality in moments of quiet dignity by people who refuse to be dehumanized even as forces that deny their dignity and their humanity literally hanging over their heads.

在這一點上，帕克斯是一個更加成熟的攝影師，他能夠在人們拒絕被非人化的時刻，記錄下現實生活中種族主義的可怕性，即使那些否認他們的尊嚴和人性的力量真的懸在他們頭上。

In so many of parks's photographs, his lens has a profound empathy, a friendliness you can't help but to identify with his subjects and once you do that, you're implicated.

在公園的許多照片中，他的鏡頭有一種深刻的共鳴，一種友好的態度，你不能不認同他的主題，一旦你這樣做，你就會被牽連。

His pictures in their gentleness become persuasive acts of protest, showing many in America what they had never seen or what they had seen, but refused to acknowledge for this reason and more their magnificent and important works of art from an artist who has no shortage of them.

他的照片在溫和中成為有說服力的抗議行為，向美國的許多人展示了他們從未見過的東西，或者他們已經見過的東西，但由於這個原因和更多的原因拒絕承認他們的宏偉和重要的藝術作品，這些作品來自一個不缺乏的藝術家。

Hey, everybody thank you so much for watching this episode was brought to you by squarespace.

嘿，大家好，非常感謝大家收看本期節目，本期節目由squarespace為大家帶來。

If you don't know, you can use squarespace to make beautiful websites for anything.

如果你不知道，你可以用squarespace來製作任何東西的漂亮網站。

You might need a personal site, a wedding website, a site for your business or portfolio.

你可能需要一個個人網站，一個婚禮網站，一個企業或投資組合的網站。

And in just a few clicks you can have that website up and running.

只需點擊幾下，你就可以讓該網站啟動並運行。

Their design team has crafted really beautiful templates that work on computer browsers and on mobile, switching perfectly between the two.

他們的設計團隊精心製作了非常漂亮的模板，可以在電腦瀏覽器和手機上使用，在兩者之間完美切換。

You can integrate your own photos and videos with just a few clicks and you can even link your social accounts so that you can auto post to twitter and facebook all from within squarespace.

你只需點擊幾下就可以整合你自己的照片和視頻，你甚至可以鏈接你的社交賬戶，這樣你就可以在squarespace內自動發佈到twitter和facebook。

Head over to squarespace dot com for a free trial And when you're ready to launch that sudden go to squarespace dot com slash nerd writer for 10% off your first purchase.

到squarespace dot com獲得免費試用，當你準備好突然啟動時，到squarespace dot com slash nerd writer獲得首次購買的10%折扣。