Let's look at how a tank works.

讓我們看看坦克的運作方式

We're gonna focus specifically,

這將是我們要專門關注的

on the American M1A2 Abrams Tank.

在美國M1A2艾布蘭坦克

We'll look at the caterpillar tracks, the turret,

我們來看一下履帶，砲塔，

where the crew sits,

組員坐的地方

and the engine in the back that powers it all.

和後面的引擎所提供的動力。

(buzz) (explosion)

（嗡嗡聲）（爆炸）

The M1 Abrams Tank was introduced in the year 1980.

M1艾布蘭坦克原為在1980年問世

The tank was named in honor

坦克的命名是為表彰

of United States Army General Creighton W. Abrams Jr,

美國陸軍將軍小克雷頓·W·艾布蘭

who was a commander in the Vietnam War.

他是越戰的指揮官

The idea with the M1 Abrams Tank,

M1艾布蘭坦克的設計概念

was to keep it low to the ground,

是要把它高度降到越低越好

so that it was harder to hit.

因此很難擊中

Angled sides on the tank,

坦克的斜邊

allowed enemy fire to deflect off the side.

可以讓敵人的炮火偏向一側

It's a bit cozy inside,

裡面有點舒服

so I hope you're not claustrophobic.

所以我希望你不會幽閉恐懼症

During operations, the crew may spend hundreds of hours

在操作過程中，乘組員可能要花費數百小時

inside with very little sleep.

在裡面睡得很少

There are many versions of the tank.

坦克有很多版本

We have the M1, then came the M1A1, and then the M1A2.

我們有M1，然後來了M1A1，然後是M1A2

There's also minor variants of the tanks,

戰車也有一些小變化

with many different enhancement packages.

與許多不同的增強組別

But to keep things simple, let's not worry about these,

但是為了簡單起見，我們不用擔心這些

just these three major versions.

只是這三個主要版本

They look very similar on the outside,

它們在外觀上非常相似

but there's been plenty of improvements,

但是有很多改進

to items such as the armor, electronics

諸如裝甲，電子產品

and the weapon systems.

和武器系統

Each new version is generally heavier, and slower,

每個新版本通常是更重，更慢

but the increased tech makes up for it.

但是技術的進步彌補了這一點

For the rest of the video,

對於其餘的影片

I'm gonna focus specifically on the M1A2 Abrams Tank.

我要專注在M1A2艾布蘭坦克上

Though some of what I'll say,

雖然我會說一些

will be true of the previous versions as well.

將是正確的以及以前的版本

Let's look at some specs.

讓我們看一些規格

The height is eight feet,

高度是 8 英尺(2.44公尺)

the length is 32 feet, and the width is 12 feet.

長度是 32 英尺(9.8公尺)，寬度為 12 英尺(3.7公尺)

For comparison, here's the size of a person.

為了比較，這裡是一個人的大小。

This tank weighs a whopping 68 US tons.

這個坦克重達 68 噸

That's equal to the weight of about 35 cars.

重量等於約 35 輛車

Even with all that weight,

即使有這麼大的重量

the tank is capable of speeds of up to 42 miles per hour.

坦克有速度的能力高達每小時 42 英里 (68公里)

It has a fuel capacity of just under 500 gallons.

它的燃料容量為不到 500 加侖

Again, just for comparison,

同樣，為了比較

most cars can only hold about 16 gallons.

大多數汽車只能容納 16 加侖

But tanks need all of that fuel

但是戰車需要所有這些燃料

because they only get about point six miles per gallon,

因為他們只能每加侖開到 6 英里 (9.7公里) 遠

compared to the average car 25 miles per gallon.

與平均水平相比每加侖行駛 25 英里 (40公里)

So it's a gas guzzler but it's heavy and powerful.

所以這是一個耗油量大，但它又重又強大

Let's look at some other features of a tank.

讓我們看看坦克的其他特徵

We have the caterpillar tracks,

我們有履帶，

the wheels, they're seven on the ground on each side,

車輪，每一側它們是七個

the main body which is called the Hull,

這個主體被稱為坦克的車體

and the Turret, which is the part that spins on top,

還有砲塔，在頂部旋轉的部分

and holds the weapons and other equipment.

設有武器和其他設備

The engine is housed in the very back.

引擎位於最後面

The tank holds a crew of four,

戰車可容納四名船員

three of them are inside the turret,

其中三個在砲塔內

and one of them is way up front.

另外一個在前面

Now that we're familiar with the outside of the tank,

現在我們熟悉了戰車的外部

let's look at more specifics,

讓我們看看更多細節

and we'll start with the caterpillar tracks.

我們從履帶開始

These are sometimes called tank treads.

這些有時稱為戰車踏面

They are made of steel with replaceable rubber pads.

它們由鋼製成，帶有可更換的橡膠墊

There are seven road wheels on each side of the tank,

在戰車的每兩側各有七個車輪

a raised idler wheel in the very front

前部抬高的惰輪

and the drive sprocket in the back.

傳動鏈輪在後面

This one has gear teeth on it,

這個有齒輪齒

and it's the only one that's powered by the engine.

引擎提供的動力只會傳輸到這個輪子

It moves the entire track along.

它沿著整個履帶傳輸動力移動

(upbeat music)

（歡快的音樂）

The other wheels spin freely,

其他輪子被拖著自由旋轉

as the tank treads move past it.

坦克的履帶越過它。

The road wheels also have suspension built into them.

車輪也有內置於其中的懸吊系統

The whole reason we use caterpillar tracks,

我們使用履帶的唯一原因

is to allow the tank to go over some very rough terrain.

是為了讓坦克走在一些非常崎嶇的地形上

(upbeat music)

（歡快的音樂）

Most barriers don't pose any problem for the tank to pass.

大多數障礙都沒有構成坦克通過的問題。

(upbeat music)

（歡快的音樂）

Regular vehicles with four wheels have limited surface area

一般四輪車的車輪接觸地面面積有限

in contact with the ground.

一般四輪車的車輪接觸地面面積有限

They can get stuck much easier.

它們會更容易卡住

That's why it's a good idea to stay on paved roads.

這就是為什麼普通車留在鋪好的道路上

The tank on the other hand,

另一方面，戰車

has a much larger surface area to displace all that weight.

具有更大的接地面積承受所有的重量。

Obstacles in the way are usually not a problem.

障礙通常不是問題

(bouncy piano music)

（彈力鋼琴音樂）

The tank can even climb some very steep hills.

坦克甚至可以爬一些非常陡峭的山丘

(bouncy piano music)

（彈力鋼琴音樂）

Most of the time it's still a smooth ride

在大多數情況下，它仍然很平穩

for those inside the tank.

對於坦克里面的人

The tank is steered by altering the speed of the tracks.

坦克改變方向的方法為改變履帶的速度

For example to turn left,

例如向左轉

the right tracks need to move faster than the left tracks.

右邊的屐帶需要運轉的比左邊快。

Unfortunately, the caterpillar tracks,

不幸的是，履帶

are the most likely part of the tank to break.

是最可能損壞的部分

The good news is that the tank usually carries tools,

好消息是戰車通常會攜帶工具

and spare parts so that broken links can be replaced,

和備件，以便損壞的履帶可以替換，

and the tank can keep moving again.

讓坦克可以繼續移動

Next up is the engine,

接下來是引擎

which is in the very back of the tank.

在戰車的後部

For repairs, the entire engine

維修時，整個發動機

can be lifted up out of the tank.

可以把整個引擎吊出來

This is an AGT 1500 engine,

這是AGT 1500發動機

which can run off of several different fuels

可以使用幾種不同的燃料

but most of the time it runs off of jet fuel.

但大多數時候使用噴射機燃料

In your car, you'll find what's called a piston engine

在您的車中，您會發現所謂的活塞發動機

with the pistons moving up and down to rotate the shaft.

活塞上下來回移動來旋轉軸

But in the tank, you'll find a turbine engine.

但是在戰車裡，你會找到渦輪發動機。

This one works a little bit more like a jet engine,

有點像噴射機的發動機

that you would find on an airplane.

您會在飛機上找到的

However, this engine is actually fairly quiet.

但是，這個引擎其實還算安靜

Which is really important,

是一項非常重要的事情

so you don't give away the tanks position to nearby enemies.

所以你不需擔心坦克被附近的敵人定位到

The engine gets very hot,

引擎非常熱

so these two side cooling units will help remove the heat.

所以這兩個側面冷卻單元將有助於消除熱量

The exhaust comes out the back,

廢氣從後面出來

so make sure and stay clear when the engine is on.

所以請確保引擎啟動時後面沒有任何人及物

There's actually a phone, on the back of the tank.

實際上，坦克的背面附有電話

This way soldiers on the outside

這樣外面的士兵

can communicate with the crew on the inside.

可以與裡面的組員溝通

The sides have armored plates, called Side Skirts

兩側都有裝甲板，稱為側裙

to protect the wheels and the caterpillar tracks.

保護車輪和履帶

These can be opened up in sections,

這些可以按部分打開

for better access to the road wheels.

以便更方便地接近車輪

On the front, there's headlights here,

在前面，這裡有頭燈

and four tow hooks down here.

以及四個拖鉤在這裡

Remember there are many different variants

請記住，M1A2艾布蘭坦克

of the M1A2 Abrams Tank.

有許多不同的變體

So another tank, might have slightly different features

所以另一輛戰車可能在外部上，

on the outside.

有功能略有不同

And this top part is called the turret.

頂部的部分稱為砲塔

It can rotate all the way around and in about nine seconds.

它可以在大約九秒鐘內旋轉一圈

This is the main gun,

這是主砲

which is a 120 millimeters Smoothbore Cannon.

這是 120 毫米滑膛砲。

This means that the shells

這意味著砲彈

or ammunition are 120 millimeters.

或彈藥為 120 毫米

And so is the bore or the hole that it goes through.

讓炮彈可以穿過炮孔

(loud explosions)

（大聲爆炸）

The shells leave the barrel at about 3500 miles per hour.

砲彈離開槍管每小時約 3500 英里 (5632公里)

(bouncy piano music)

（彈力鋼琴音樂）

It can hit a target two miles away.

它可以擊中 2 英里(3.2公里)外的目標

The automatic stabilizers,

自動穩定器

allow the gun to stay locked on targets,

讓炮管保持鎖定在目標上

even while going over rough terrain.

即使在崎嶇的地形上也是如此

This way the driver doesn't have to stop

這樣，駕駛員不必停車

every time the tank needs to fire.

每當坦克需要開火時

The tank can even spin in place

坦克甚至可以旋轉到位

while the main gun remains locked on target.

而主砲保持鎖定目標

Right next to this, is the smaller coaxial machine gun.

緊挨著的是較小的同軸機槍。

Up on top,

而在砲塔頂部

there's usually at least one more machine gun to operate.

通常至少還有一個機槍可以使用

On the sides, are smoke grenade launchers.

側面是煙霧彈發射器

There's one on each side of the tank.

坦克的每一側都有一個

These make it harder to be seen during combat.

這些使它變得更難在戰鬥中被看到

There's not much room for equipment inside of the tank,

坦克裡面沒有太多空間可以放設備

so oftentimes the crew put it out here on the bustle rack.

所以組員常常把裝備放在後架上

There are two hatches on top of the turret;

在砲塔頂部有兩個艙口

the commander's hatch and the loaders hatch.

車長艙口和裝填手艙口

Inside of the turret,

在砲塔里面

you'll find three out of the four crew members.

您會發現 4 名乘組員裏的 3 名

It's a bit cozy in here.

這裡有點舒服

The gunner sits down below to the very right.

砲手坐在下方的右側

The commander sits directly behind the gunner.

指揮官直接坐在砲手後面

The loader is off to the left of the main gun.

裝填手在主砲的左側。

When the turret rotates,

當炮塔旋轉時

all three of these crew members rotate with it.

所有這三個組員隨之旋轉。

Underneath here, this is called the turret basket.

在下面，這是叫做砲塔籃

The seal between the turret and the hull is so good,

炮塔與主體之間的密封很好

that it could protect the crew inside

可以保護裡面的組員

I wanna show you about this tank.

我想向您介紹這個坦克

The commander can see 360 degrees around the tank,

指揮官可以看到坦克周圍 360 度的景像

through the viewing ports.

經由這個觀察口

The shells for the main gun

主砲的砲彈

are stored in a large compartment on the back of the turret.

存放在砲塔的背面的隔間中

The loader can then open up an access door,

然後裝填手可以打開隔間門

grab a shell and load the main gun.

抓住砲彈並裝入主砲

This must be done quickly during combat situations.

在戰鬥情況下必須盡快完成

(loud explosion)

（大聲爆炸）

If any of the ammunition is ignited,

如果任何一種彈藥被點燃

the panels on top are weak to blow off,

頂部的面板非常容易被炸開

so that the explosion goes up

這樣爆炸力道就往上方了

instead of into the turret where the crew is located.

而不是進入砲塔，乘組員所在的位置

The driver sets up at the very front.

駕駛設置在最前面。

There's a hatch up here that can be opened to go inside.

這裡有一個艙口可以打開進去

There's not much room up here either,

這裡也沒有多少空間

so the driver has to lay back in the seat.

所以駕駛員必須向後躺

The controls are up here and two brake pedals down here.

控件在這裡，這裡有兩個制動踏板。

There's no gas pedal in the tank,

坦克裡沒有油門踏板

just use the two black handlebars,

只需使用兩個黑色把手

for acceleration and steering.

用於加速和轉向

The driver also has periscopes,

駕駛也有潛望鏡

that allow him to see a 120 degree field of view.

讓他可以擁有 120 度的視野。

Usually the driver enters through the hatch up front.

通常駕駛員進入的方式是由前面的艙口

But if needed, the driver can climb into the turret,

但是如果需要的話，司機也可以爬進砲塔

and then through a tiny door in the basket,

然後通過一個小小的籃子裡的門，

and into the seat.

進入座位

The United States isn't the only ones,

美國不是唯一使用

to use the M1 Abrams Tanks.

M1 艾布蘭坦克的國家

It's been sold to other countries,

它已經賣到其他國家了

such as Australia, Egypt, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia.

例如澳大利亞，埃及，科威特和沙烏地阿拉伯。

The M1A2 Abrams Tank has been in use

M1A2 艾布蘭坦克已服役

for almost 30 years now.

至今已有近30年的時間

At some point it may be replaced

在未來它可能會被替換

but for now it continues to be the main battle tank,

但現在它仍是美軍的

for the United States military.

主力戰車

My name is Jared,

我叫Jared

and I create 3D animations on how things work.

製作關於東西如何運作的 3D 動畫

Visit my YouTube channel,

訪問我的 YouTube 頻道

for lots more animations just like this one.

以觀看更多像這部影片的動畫

Go ahead and click on the link here,

點擊此處的連結

or click below to watch another video.

或點擊下面的影片觀看其他影片

And thanks again to War Thunder.

再次感謝 War Thunder

Download the game for free.

免費下載遊戲

Just use my link in the video description below.

只需在下面的影片說明

(upbeat music)

（歡快的音樂）