This is news review from BBC learning english, I'm rob and joining me to talk about the language behind the headlines is Neil hello NEal Hi there rob and hello everyone.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論，我是Rob，和我一起討論頭條新聞背後的語言是Neil hello NEal 嗨，Rob，大家好。

If you'd like to test yourself on the vocabulary we look at in this program, there is a quiz on our website at BBC learning English dot com.

如果你想測試一下我們在這個節目中看到的詞彙，在我們的網站BBC learning English dot com上有一個測驗。

But now let's have a look at some details of that story from this BBC news report.

但現在讓我們看看BBC新聞報道中關於這個故事的一些細節。

The Ministry for the propagation of virtue and prevention advice warned that employees would risk losing their jobs if they failed to adhere to these rules and to pray five times a day.

弘揚美德和預防建議部警告說，如果員工不遵守這些規定，不每天祈禱五次，就有可能失去工作。

This is the latest of several new restrictions imposed by the taliban in recent weeks.

這是最近幾周塔利班實施的幾項新限制中的最新一項。

So as you just heard there, the taliban government in Afghanistan which took control back in august have put out an order that men without beards will be sent home and lose their jobs.

是以，正如你剛才聽到的，8月控制阿富汗的塔利班政府已經發布命令，沒有鬍子的男人將被送回家並失去工作。

It's amongst a series of measures that have been brought in and we've got three words and expressions that you can use to talk about this story from news headlines.

這是在一系列的措施中，我們有三個詞和表達方式，你可以用新聞頭條來談論這個故事。

What are they please kneel, We have hard liners bars and show up, That's hard liners bars and show up.

What are they please kneel, We have hard liners bars and show up, That's hard liners bars and show up.

Okay, let's have a look at the first news headline please.

好吧，讓我們看看第一個新聞標題，請。

The first headline is from the Times of India and it reads taliban hardliners, turning back the clock in Afghanistan, That's hard liners, People with strong beliefs or views.

第一個標題來自《印度時報》，內容是塔利班的強硬派，使阿富汗的時間倒流，這是強硬派，有強烈信仰或觀點的人。

That's right, Yes.

沒錯，是的。

So the first thing to say is that this word hardliner is quite clearly made up of two parts hard and liners and in this headline, in this version of it, the words are separated or connected even with a hyphen but you will often see this word as just one word.

是以，首先要說的是，這個詞hardliner很明顯是由hard和liners兩部分組成的，在這個標題中，在這個版本中，這兩個詞是分開的，甚至用連字元連接，但你經常會看到這個詞只是一個詞。

Yeah, so if we break this this expression down, we've got hard which is something very strong and then liners or a line is when you follow a particular belief or opinion, you you follow a particular line, don't you?

是的，所以如果我們把這個表達方式分解開來，我們已經有了硬的東西，這是非常強的東西，然後襯裡或線是當你遵循一個特定的信仰或意見時，你你遵循一個特定的線，不是嗎？

Yeah, that's a really useful way of thinking about it.

是的，這是一種非常有用的思考方式。

The word hard in this case means strong and line as you said, is opinion.

在這種情況下，"硬 "這個詞的意思是強烈的和行，正如你所說，是意見。

So we can use the word line to refer to your point of view or opinion.

所以我們可以用行這個詞來指代你的觀點或意見。

What is your line on something?

你對某事的看法是什麼？

It means what do you think about it?

它的意思是你怎麼想的？

And so a hard liner is someone who has a very strong interpretation of how something should be.

是以，一個硬漢是對某件事情應該如何發展有非常強烈解釋的人。

So it's very difficult to get them to change their mind, I guess.

所以要讓他們改變主意是非常困難的，我想。

Yes, these are inflexible people, people whose minds don't change and who often have the strongest interpretation of a particular point of view or opinion even amongst a group of people with the same opinion.

是的，這些人是不靈活的人，他們的思想不會改變，甚至在一群有相同觀點的人中，他們往往對某一觀點或意見有最強烈的解釋。

So within for example, a political party, the people in the party will have a similar opinion to each other but the hardliners are the ones with the most extreme or strongest or strictest interpretation and in the headline we were using Hardliners as a noun but you can also use this as an adjective, can't you?

是以，例如在一個政黨內，黨內的人彼此會有類似的意見，但強硬派是那些最極端或最強烈或最嚴格的解釋，在標題中我們是把強硬派作為一個名詞，但你也可以把它作為一個形容詞，不是嗎？

Yes, you can use it as an adjective for example, ahead of the word approach.

是的，你可以把它作為一個形容詞來使用，例如，在接近這個詞之前。

A hardline approach to something and again, it means that you have a very strict approach to whatever situation.

對某件事情采取強硬態度，同樣，它意味著你對任何情況都有非常嚴格的態度。

So if I was in the office and you know, I like to drink tea, I won't consider drinking coffee.

是以，如果我在辦公室，你知道，我喜歡喝茶，我不會考慮喝咖啡。

Does that mean I'm taking I'm taking a hardline approach towards drinking tea.

這是否意味著我對喝茶採取了我的強硬態度。

Well you could say that it would be a little bit strange to be honest because we use hardliner or hardline approach usually to refer to something which is pretty serious and your decision between tea and coffee, I'm afraid rob is not that serious.

好吧，你可以說，說實話這有點奇怪，因為我們用強硬派或強硬方法通常指的是相當嚴重的事情，而你在茶和咖啡之間的決定，我擔心搶劫並不那麼嚴重。

However, you could use it in a sort of humorous way because it exaggerates the importance of of this thing.

然而，你可以以一種幽默的方式使用它，因為它誇大了這件事的重要性。

Okay, let's have a summary.

好吧，讓我們來做個總結。

So we're talking about the taliban today and of course last year we covered the story where they took over Kabul and the rest of Afghanistan in our news review program.

所以我們今天討論的是塔利班，當然去年我們在新聞回顧節目中報道了他們佔領喀布爾和阿富汗其他地區的故事。

How can we watch that video again?

我們怎麼能再看那段視頻呢？

All you have to do is click on the link below.

你所要做的就是點擊下面的鏈接。

Okay, now let's have a look at your next news headline please.

好了，現在讓我們看看你的下一個新聞頭條吧。

The next headline comes from Reuters and it reads taliban bars government employees without beards from work.

下一個標題來自路透社，內容是塔利班禁止沒有鬍子的政府僱員工作。

So that's bars officially prevent something from happening.

是以，這就是酒吧正式阻止了一些事情的發生。

Yes, that's spelled B A R s in this headline.

是的，這個標題中的拼寫是B A R s。

It's a verb to bar something, but it's useful to think of it as its noun form a bar.

它是一個動詞，用來禁止某些東西，但把它看作是它的名詞形式a bar是很有用的。

Now a bar is usually a long piece of Mackel often used for example on a prison window or door to prevent people getting out.

現在，欄杆通常是一塊長長的麥片，通常用在監獄的窗戶或門上，以防止人們逃出去。

And that is how it's used as a verb.

而這就是它作為動詞的使用方式。

It means to prevent something from getting through.

它的意思是阻止某些東西通過。

If you imagine for example a pathway or you're trying to get through a door and there is a bar, the bar is going to prevent you from getting through where you want to go.

如果你想象一下，例如一條小路，或者你想通過一扇門，而那裡有一個欄杆，這個欄杆就會阻止你通過你想去的地方。

And as a verb, if you bar someone from doing something, it means you stop them.

而作為一個動詞，如果你禁止某人做某事，就意味著你阻止他們。

Yeah.

是的。

And a criminal, if you put them in prison, we sometimes say you put them behind bars, don't we?

而一個罪犯，如果你把他們關進監獄，我們有時會說你把他們關進監獄，不是嗎？

That that's the now and again, the physical bars.

那就是現在和以後，身體的酒吧。

That's right.

這就對了。

Yes, yes.

是的，是的。

And we can use other words such as bands and prevents and stops as well.

我們也可以使用其他的詞，如帶子、防止和停止。

Yeah.

是的。

Yes, bands prevents stops.

是的，帶子可以防止停止。

They all have the same meeting as this word bars.

他們都有和這個詞條一樣的會議。

Great, Thanks for that.

很好，謝謝你的幫助。

Let's have a summary.

讓我們來做個總結。

Mm hmm.

嗯，嗯。

So we were looking at words like bars, bands and prevents, we did a program about the difference between prevents and avoid its english in a minute.

是以，我們正在看像酒吧、樂隊和防止這樣的詞，我們做了一個關於防止和避免之間的區別的節目，它的英語在一分鐘內。

How can we watch that again?

我們怎麼能再看一遍呢？

Please kneel?

請跪下？

If you've got just one minute to spare, you could learn something really useful.

如果你有一分鐘的時間，你可以學到真正有用的東西。

Click the link below.

點擊下面的鏈接。

Now let's have a look at your next headline please.

現在讓我們來看看你的下一個標題，請。

Yes, my next headline comes from the Daily Sabah and it reads taliban order afghan government employees to show up at work with beards that show up appear at a place.

是的，我的下一個標題來自《薩巴赫日報》，內容是：塔利班命令阿富汗政府僱員帶著出現在一個地方的鬍鬚出現在工作中。

So show up is a phrase of verb made up of two parts show and up.

所以show up是一個由show和up兩部分組成的動詞短語。

Hmm.

嗯。

Now let's break that down.

現在我們來分析一下。

I know about a show.

我知道一個節目。

A show is something I might go and see it in the West End where people are dancing and singing and things like that.

一場演出是我可能會去西區看的，那裡的人在跳舞和唱歌，諸如此類。

Is it that kind of show we're talking about here?

我們在這裡討論的是那種節目嗎？

No, it's not rob show in this sense is connected to a rival appearance.

不，在這個意義上說，這不是搶戲，而是與競爭對手的出現有關。

So to show up somewhere is to arrive or to appear in that place.

是以，出現在某個地方就是到達或出現在那個地方。

Often in a slightly unplanned way.

往往是以一種略帶計劃外的方式。

So for example, you might want to make a reservation in a restaurant for example, and you phone up and you say, do I need a reservation or can I just show up?

是以，舉例來說，你可能想在一家餐廳訂位，你打電話說，我需要預訂還是我可以直接出現？

And that means arrive, appear.

而這意味著到達、出現。

As I said, without necessarily a kind of firm plan.

正如我所說，不一定有一種堅定的計劃。

Mm hmm.

嗯，嗯。

But if you do have a plan and you're late, then we can say you show up late.

但如果你確實有計劃，而你遲到了，那麼我們可以說你遲到了。

Yes.

是的。

It can also be used kind of generally to mean arrive and informally, as you just said, then if somebody arrived late, you could ask them why they have shown up late or you could complain about a bus showing up late.

它也可以用來表示到達和非正式的意思，就像你剛才說的，那麼如果有人遲到，你可以問他們為什麼遲到，或者你可以抱怨巴士遲到。

Yeah.

是的。

And I showed up late for this recording, didn't I?

而我在這次錄音中出現得很晚，不是嗎？

Because I was showing off my new shoes, there's a few more meetings of show there a couple of meetings of show there so we have the one we're talking about to arrive appear and then you've got show off, which means to well kind of display proudly something.

因為我在炫耀我的新鞋，還有幾個會議的展示在那裡幾個會議的展示在那裡，所以我們有一個我們正在談論的到達出現，然後你有炫耀，這意味著要很好的那種展示自豪的東西。

And what we see here is how we can have phrase all verbs that only alter in the second part of the particle, the preposition part of the up off on those parts and it radically changes the meaning.

而我們在這裡看到的是，我們可以有短語的所有動詞，只在粒子的第二部分改變，介詞部分的向上關閉這些部分，它從根本上改變了意義。

It's just something you have to learn, I'm afraid.

這恐怕是你必須學會的東西。

And also a similar meaning for show up is turn up.

還有一個類似於show up的意思就是turn up。

Yeah, Yes.

是的，是的。

Turn up is the same as show up.

轉身和出現是一樣的。

Okay, let's now have a summary.

好了，我們現在來個總結。

Mm hmm.

嗯，嗯。

Now it's time to recap the words and expressions that we've talked about today.

現在是時候回顧一下我們今天講過的單詞和表達方式了。

Please kneel.

請跪下。

Yes, we looked at hard liners, people with strict views or beliefs bars officially prevent something from happening and show up appear at a place.

是的，我們看了硬漢，有嚴格觀點或信仰的人吧，正式阻止一些事情發生，並出現在一個地方。

Now if you want to test your understanding of these words and expressions, we have a quiz on our website at BBC Learning english dot com and that's a good place to go to to check out all our other learning english resources and don't forget we're on social media as well.

如果你想測試一下你對這些單詞和表達的理解，我們在網站BBC Learning english dot com上有一個測試，這也是一個很好的地方，可以去看看我們所有其他的英語學習資源，別忘了我們在社交媒體上也有。

So you can't miss us.

所以你不能錯過我們。

Right, that's all for today's news review.

對了，今天的新聞回顧就到這裡。

Thank you so much for watching and we'll see you next time.

非常感謝你的觀看，我們下次再見。